15篇英语四级选词填空专题题目.docx
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15篇英语四级选词填空专题题目.docx
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15篇英语四级选词填空专题题目
PASSAGE1
A)changeB)littleC)essentiallyD)reduce
E)goesF)attemptsG)EducationH)particularly
I)faithJ)safelyK)immediatelyL)differently
M)schoolsN)importanceo)institutions
Sincethenineteenthcentury,therehasbeenagrowingbeliefthattheschoolscanbeusedforawiderangeofpracticalpurposes,includingthesolvingofsocialproblemsthatwereonceconsideredamoreappropriateconcernforthefamilyorthechurch.47wasfirstusedasatoolforsocialengineeringin48to“Americanize”immigrantsandto“civilize”Indianchildren.Sincethenwehavecontinuedtolaynewburdensonthe49.Inthesixties,the“waronpoverty”placedgreatemphasisoneducation,inthebeliefthatthecultureofthepoor,nottheirlackofmoney,wasthesourceoftheirproblem.Ifdrugproblemspreads,we50startdrug-educationprograms.Whentheteenagepregnancyrate51up,theschoolsareexpectedto52itthrougheffectivesexeducation.Andwhenyoungdriverscausetoomanyaccidents,werelyontheschoolstoteachthemtodrive53.
Thereislittleevidencethattheseandsimilarprogramshavehadmucheffectandagooddealofevidencethattheyhavenot,butour54ineducationascure-all(万能药)persistsanyway.Othersocieties,ofcourse,haveusedtheschoolsto55attitudesandbehavior,buttheyhavedonesotogetherwithsweepingchangesinothersocialinstitutionsatthesametime.ThefaiththattheschoolsalonecanbringaboutsocialchangeisdistinctivelyAmericanandthereseemstobevery56proofforthisfaith.
PASSAGE2
Over32billionhasbeenpaidouttowinnerssincethefirstUKnationallotterydrawin1994.Withsuchhugesumsofmoneyatstakeitisperhapsnosurprisethatsomethinglike70percentofUKadultsplaythelotteryona47basis.TheycanevenchoosetoplaydailyasthecompanywhichrunstheUKNationalLottery,Camelot,operatesmultiplegames.Ofcourse,thereisamoreserioussidetothelottery.TheUKgovernmentcollectsaround12percenttaxonlotteryrevenuesandensuresafurthersliceofthemoneygoestogood48.Theseinclude49inhealth,education,theenvironment,thearts,sportandnationalheritage.
Withallthesepositive50forlotteryrevenue,itmightbehardtoimagineadownsidetothelottery.Buttherearesomeveryvocal51tothenationalgame.Somefeelthatanyformofgamblingiswrongwhilstotherschooseto52thewaythelotteryrevenueisspent.
Anotherareaof53isoverthelevelofsupportandadvicegiventonewlotterywinners.Justhowarepeoplemeantto54thehugesumsofmoneythatthelotteryjackpotsnowoffer?
Well,withover2,100newly-createdmillionaires,somemanagebetterthanothers.Foreverystoryofsuccessfulinvestmentandcharitablegivingthereismore55storyofcarelessspending.Weshouldn’tforgetthestoryofJohnMcGuinness,whoinvestedalargepartofhis?
10millionwininanewlyformedfootballteamandwhoisnowfacingbankruptcyandfinancial56.
A)intenseB)causeC)concernD)applications
E)opponentsF)sensationalG)disastersH)criticize
I)establishedJ)programsK)disgustingL)projects
M)manageN)regularO)ruin
PASSAGE3
Therearetwofactorswhich47anindividual’sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainheisbornwith.Humanbrainsdiffer48,somebeingmorecapablethanothers.Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwith,anindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehas49tolearn.Sothesecondfactoriswhathappenstoindividual---thesortofenvironmentinwhichheisbroughtup.Ifanindividualishandicapped(不利)environmentally,itislikelythathisbrainwillfailtodevelopandhewillneverattainthelevelofintelligenceofwhichheis50.
Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual’sintelligencecanbedemonstratedbythecasehistoryoftheidenticaltwins,PeterandMark.Being51,thetwinshadidenticalbrainsatbirth,andtheirgrowth52werethesame.Whenthetwinswerethreemonthsold,theirparentsdied,andtheywereplacesinseparatefoster(抚养)homes.Peterwas53byparentsoflowintelligenceinan54communitywithpooreducationalopportunities.Markwasrearedinthehomeofwell-to-doparentswhohadbeentocollege.Hewasreadasachild,senttogoodschools,andgiveneveryopportunitytobestimulatedintellectually.Thisenvironmental55continueduntilthetwinswereintheirlateteens,whentheyweregiventeststomeasuretheirintelligence.Mark’sI.Q.was125,twenty-fivepointshigherthanthe56andfullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother.Givenequalopportunities,thetwins,havingidenticalbrains,wouldhavetestedatroughlythesamelevel.
A)averageB)considerablyC)interpretD)manner
E)identicalF)opportunitiesG)raisedH)determine
I)departureJ)isolatedK)inevitableL)capable
M)advantageN)processesO)difference
PASSAGE4
Theabilitytolaughatyourownweaknessesandblunders(失误)haslongbeenrecognizedasasignofmaturity.Andyetthisoneofthemostdifficult47ofyoursenseofhumortodevelop.
OscarWildeonceoffereda48insightaboutthewayweliveourliveswhenhesaidthat“Lifeistooimportanttobetaken49.”Idon’tthinkhemeantyoudon’thavetotakeyourresponsibilities,promises,work,etc.Hedidn’tmeanthatit’sOKtolivelifewithno50.Ithinkhemeantthatthequalityofourlifesufferswhenwe51everythinginaseriousmanner.Wearenolongervivid,cheerfulandspontaneousaswhenwewerekidswhenwetakeeverythingsoseriously.
Ithinkthekeyhereistotakeyourworkandyourdutiesseriously,buttakeyourself52intheprocess.Otherwise,youwilllosemany53thatacheerfulattitudeandhumorcanoffer.
There’saliberatingqualitythatmostpeople54whentheygettothepointthattheycanlaughatthemselves.Wegettocaughtupinouranxieties,embarrassments,frustrationsandupsetsthatwecarrythemaroundwithusthroughouttheday.Butwhenwefindawaytolaughatthem,theylosttheiremotionalgriponusand55intothebackground.Wefeelatpeacewiththeincident,eventhoughitwasvery56atthemoment.
A)benefitsB)incompetenceC)delightedD)lightly
E)witnessF)approachG)integrityH)responsibilities
I)valuableJ)disgustingK)aspectsL)seriously
M)embarrassingN)retreatO)experience
PASSAGE5
Climate,morethananyothersinglefactor,determinesthedistributionoflifeontheEarth.Climaticboundariesestablishthelimitswithinwhich47cansurvive.Plants,evenmorethananimals,mustbewelladaptedtoclimateinorderto48.Theycannotmoveaboutortakeshelterbutmustbeequippedtoendurewhateverweather49arelikelytooccur.Inharshconditions,forexample,lowgrowingplantsandafewflowering50allhugthegroundforshelterfromicywinds.
Animals,despitetheirabilitytomoveaboutandfindshelter,arejustasmuchinfluencedby51asplantsare.Creaturessuchasthecamelandthepenguinareso52specializedthattheyhavean53limiteddistribution.Others,suchasbears,areflexibleenoughtoadapttoabroadrangeofclimates.Organismsinoceanarejustas54toclimaticchangesaslandanimals.Reefcorals(礁珊瑚)cansurviveonlyinclearwarmseawater.Certainseaplantsaresosensitivetochangesintheirenvironmentthattheirpresencecanbetakenasanindexofseatemperature.Humanbeingsareamongtheleast55ofallanimalsandcanlivealmostanywhere.Theirclothesandtheirhomesactasasortof“miniatureclimate”thatcanbe56withthemeverywhere.
A)transferredB)specializedC)extremelyD)highly
E)plantsF)conditionsG)organismsH)extraordinary
I)takenJ)thoroughlyK)pesticidesL)sensitive
M)climateN)surviveO)physician
PASSAGE6
Yearsago,doctorsoftensaidthatpainwasanormalpartoflife.Inparticular,whenolderpatients47ofpain,theyweretolditwasanaturalpartofagingandtheywouldhavetolearntolivewithit.
Timeshavechanged.Today,wetakepain48.Indeed,painisnowconsideredthefifthvitalsign,asimportantasbloodpressure,temperature,breathingrateandpulsein49aperson’swell-being.Weknowthatchronic(慢性的)paincandisrupt(扰乱)aperson’slife,causingproblemsthat50frommissedworktodepression.
That’swhyagrowingnumberofhospitalsnowdependuponphysicianswho51inpainmedicine.Notonlydoweevaluatethecauseofthepain,whichcanhelpustreatthepainbetter,butwealsohelpprovidecomprehensivetherapyfordepressionandotherpsychologicalandsocial52relatedtochronicpain.Suchcomprehensivetherapyoften53theworkofsocialworkers,psychiatrists(心理医生)andpsychologists,aswellasspecialistsinpainmedicine.
Thismodern54forpainmanagementhasledtoawealthofinnovativetreatmentswhicharemoreeffectiveandwithfewersideeffectsthaneverbefore.Decadesago,therewereonlya55numberofdrugsavailable,andmanyofthemcaused56sideeffectsinolderpeople,includingdizzinessandfatigue.Thiscreatedadouble-edgedsword:
themedicationshelpedrelievethepainbutcausedotherproblemsthatcouldbeworsethanthepainitself.
A)gravelyB)respectC)limitedD)specialize
E)seriouslyF)promptingG)involvesH)relieved
I)significantJ)magnificentK)rangeL)issues
M)resultN)determiningO)complained
PASSAGE7
SomeyearsagoIwasofferedawritingassignmentthatwouldrequirethreemonthsoftravelthroughEurope.Ihadbeenabroadacoupleoftimes,butIc
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