关于温度控制系统毕业设计的外文翻译概要.docx
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关于温度控制系统毕业设计的外文翻译概要.docx
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关于温度控制系统毕业设计的外文翻译概要关于温度控制系统毕业设计的外文翻译概要ThermoTankTemperatureControlSystemBasedOnSTM32BiaoQIU(,Shi-guangLI(,Zheng-zhongGAO(,XuZHANG(,YuRUI(SchoolofInformationandElectricalEngineering,ShandongUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Qingdao266510,ChinaAbstract-thispaperintroducedathermotanktemperaturecontrolsystembasedonSTM32,Firstly,thetemperatureacquisitionisrealizedbythehigh-precisionelectricalbridgebasedonconstantcurrentsource.ThentheaugmentedPIDalgorithmrealizedbysoftwareisadoptedButterworthfilterisusedtoconverttheoutputPWMofSTM32tocurrentsignalwhichisusedtocontrolthesemiconductorcontrolrectifiertoadjustthetemperature.Calibrationcheckandpracticalapplicationbothindicatedthatthesystemwasreliable,high-precision,practicableandcouldmeetrealityneeds.Keywords-STM32;thermotank;temperatureacquisition;PIDManuscriptNumber:
1674-8042(201101-0064-03Dio:
10.3969/j.issn.1674-8042.2011.01.161introductionThermotankcanbedividedintolowtemperaturethermotankandhightemperaturethermotankaccordingtotemperaturerange.Heatingcontrolthermotankisonekindofhightemperaturethermotankandhasawiderangeofapplicationsinindustrial,medicalandscientificareas.Assomespecialthermotankcontrolsystemrequirehighprecisionintemperatureacquisitionandcontrol,thesystemdesignedinthispapercanmeasuretemperaturesfrom16to80anditsprecisionissuperiorto0.05.AsARMisgraduallyoccupyingthemicroelectronicsmarketforitspowerfulfunctionandlowcost,itisofimportantpracticalsignificanceandvaluetodesignatemperaturecontrolsystembasedonARMwithhighprecision,simplestructureandlowcost.2BasiccontrolprinciplesofthermotankInthissystem,temperatureacquisitionoftheinnerthermotankisrealizedbyusingplatinumresistanceastemperaturesensorandbridgecircuitbasedonconstantcurrentsource.Thencomparetheactualtemperaturewiththetemperaturesetbytouchscreen.ByusingaugmentedPIDalgorithmtoadjust,STM32outputs16-bitPWMsignals.ThenconvertPWMsignaltovoltagesignaltocontroltheconductionangleofSemiconductorControlRectifier(SCRwhichcontrolstheheatingtubes.SystemcontrolprincipleisshowninFig.1.Consideringthesystemaccuracyandstabilityrequirements,featuresofthissysteminclude:
powerfulandhighspeedARMSTM32F103asthecontroller,augmentedPIDalgorithm,andfulluseofon-chipresourcesofmicrocomputersuchasADC,USARTand16-bitPWMoutputforgreatcontrolaccuracy.Fig1Systemcontrolprinciple3hardwaredesignThissystemincludestemperatureacquisitionbridgecircuit,STM32F103,colorLCDtouchscreencontrolcircuit,filteringcircuitandSCR.Inaddition,thesystemhasagoodman-machineinteractionfunctionandcanrealizereal-timemonitoringandcontrolbyusing5.6inchescolorLCDandtouchscreen.TemperaturecontrolsystemstructureisshowninFig.2.Fig2Systemstructure3.1temperatureacquisitionandA/DconversionAmongthethermalresistancetemperaturesensors,platinumresistance,withadvantageashighprecision,stableperformance,corrosionresistanceandeasytouse,istheidealtemperatureacquisitioncomponentwidelyusedinindustrialenvironmentsandcontrolsystems.Asthetemperatureacquisitionrangeis16to80,Pt1000ischosenastemperaturesensor,whichresistancechangeswithtemperatureaccordingtocertainrulesandhasgoodhighprecisionandstableperformance.Unbalancedbridgemeasurementistypicalindetectcircuitsusingplatinumresistanceastemperaturesensors1.However,thenonlinearitybetweenplatinumresistanceandtemperatureandnonlinearityofunbalancedbridgeleadtoacquisitionerror,thusweimprovedthetemperatureacquisitionbridgecircuit.Useconstantcurrentsourcetopowerthebridge,connectthetwobridgearmswithpreciseoperationalamplifierthatislownoiseandlowtemperaturedrift,use4DH2toconstituteconstantcurrentsourcecircuitwhichoutputs0.5Acurrent,thusthecurrentinplatinumresistanceisequaltoconstantcurrentsource.TheADCofSTM32F103isusedtoconvertanalogvoltageoftemperatureintodigitalsignal.The12-bitADCisasuccessiveapproximationanalog-to-digitalconverterandhasthefunctionofself-calibration.D/Dconversionofeachchannelcanbeperformedinsingle,continuous,scanordiscontinuousmode,andinthissystemweusecontinuousmode.TheresultofADCisstoredinright-aligned16-bitdataregisterwhichimprovestheconversionspeed.Inaddition,theanalogwatchdogfeatureallowstheapplicationtodetectiftheinputvoltagegoesoutsidetheuser-definedhighorlowthresholds.3.2TM32F103on-chipresourcesTM32F103canworkin-40105andthismeetstherequirementsofindustrialenvironment.ItincorporatethehighperformanceARMCortex-M332-bitsRISCcoreoperatingata72MHzfrequency,highspeedembeddedmemories(Flashmemoryupto128KbytesandSRAMupto20Kbytestostoredataandprogram,andanextensiverangeofenhancedI/Os,mostofwhichhavealternatefunctionsandperipheralsconnectedtotwoAPBbuses.Ithasthreegeneralpurpose16-bittimersplustwowatchdogs,aswellasstandardandadvancedcommunicationinterfaceUSARTusedtocommunicatewithLCD2.Moreimportantly,itofferstwo12-bitADCswith1sconversionspeedwhichmakeitsuitforfastacquisitionandfastprocessing.ItisoneoftheimportantreasonsforthissystemtochooseTM32F103asthecorecontroller.3.3FilteringandconversioncircuitsInordertorealizetheconventionfromPWMsignaltoanalogoutput,weusethesecondorderlowpassfiltertofilteroutthehighfrequencycomponentsandkeepDCcomponentandchangingdutycycleofPWMsignalsothattheanalogvoltageoutputisgotthen.Fig.3showsthedesignedButterworthfilter.Afterfiltering,convertPWMsignalto02.5Vtocontrolthyristorconductionangle3.Thuswerealizedtheprecisecontrolofheatingtemperature.Fig3Butterworthfilter4Softwaredesign4.1PIDcontrolalgorithmThissystemusesPIDcontrolalgorithmwhichisabasiccontrolmethodwidelyusedinindustrialprocesscontrolmethodwidelyusedinindustrialprocesscontrol.AugmentedPIDcontrolalgorithm4isuk-uk-1=KP(ek-ek-1+K1ek+KD(ek-2ek-1+ek-2.However,ifthisalgorithmwasuseddirectly,itcouldgeneratealareovershootandcauseintegralsaturationeasilywhenstarup,stoporadjustsubstantially.Inordertoinhibittheemergenceofthisphenomenon,weuseintegralseparationasanimprovement.Integralseparationwontworkuntilactualtemperatureisapproachingthesettings.Whenitworks,itcaneliminatestaticerrorandimproveprecision5.BlockdiagramofintegralseparationPIDisshowninFig.4.Fig4IntegralseparatePIDalgorithmblockdiagram4.2TouchscreensoftwaredesignItmakeshuman-computerinterfacemuchmorefriendly,moreconvenientandfasterbyusingtouchscreen.UsededicatedcontrolchipADS7843toconnectAMT9532,four-wireresistivetouchscreen,withSTM32F103,processthetouchscreensignals6.TouchscreenssoftwaredesignflowchartisshowninFig.5.Fig5TouchscreenflowchartUsestandardthermometerwith0.001precisionascalibrationtochecktheexperimentalresults.Specificmethods:
setdifferenttemperatureswithintheappropriaterangethoughtouchscreen,waituntilthetemperaturesshownintheLCDarestable,thencalculatetheerrorsbasedontheactualtemperatureofstandardthermometerwithformula:
Error=|set-actual|/set.ThecheckresultsareshowninTab.1.Tab.1Calibrationresults6conclusionByusing16-bitPWMoutput,simplefilteringcircuitconversioncircuit,softwaredesignandfloating-pointoperations,thissystemrealized16-bitD/A.ConversionwhichisveryhardforcommonMCUtorealize.Thesystemtemperaturerangeis680andtheresolutionof16-bitcontrolsignalcouldreachto10.Theexperimentalresultsshowthatthesystemdefinitelycanreachthecontrolrequirementthattemperatureaccuracyisbetterthan0.05.Theapplicationshowsthatthissystemhasthereal-time,flexible,stablehigh-precision,andlowcostadvantages,andcanmeettheindustrialrequirementsofhighaccuracy,highstabilityandreliability.References1ZhaojunLi,PingJi,XiangguangLou,2007,Designofhighprecisiontemperaturecontrolsystem.ElectronicMeasurementTechnology.(2:
146-148.2STMicroelectronicsCorporation,2007.STM32F103XXDatasheet.3DayongXia,XiaohuiZhou,ZengZhao,BofengChen,EndianHu,2007.Temperaturecontrolsystemofsingle-chipofmodelMCS-51.IndustrialInstrumentation&Automation,(1:
43-47.4LinWu,EnpingLou,DongqingHou,LiangXu,2006,WirelesstemperatureandhumiditycontrolsystembasedonPIDarithmetic.ChineseJournalofScientificInstrument,27(21:
619-620.5YanZhao,GuangzhiYang,2006.Automaticmeasuringsysteminconstanttemperatureforoxygencontentbasedonsinglechip.ChineseJournalofScientificInstrument,s1.6SongmeiZhang,JunkaiLiang,LongjiLiu,2008.DeignofthermotanktemperaturecontrolsystembasedonC8051F.ElectronicMeasurementTechnology,31(9:
147-149.基于STM32的恒温箱温度控制系统摘要这篇文章介绍了一个基于STM32的恒温箱温度控制系统,首先,由基于常流源的高精度电桥获取温度,然后,由软件实现的扩充型PID算法在这里得到应用,使用巴特沃兹滤波器(最平坦滤波器将STM32输出的PWM转换成电流信号来控制半导体整流器从而调节温度,校准检测和实际应用都表明这个系统可靠、精度高、可行性好,并且能够满足现实需要。
关键字STM32;恒温箱;温度获取;PID。
原稿编号:
1674-8042-(201101-0064-03Dio:
10.3964/j.issn.1674-8042.2011.01.161引言根据温度范围,恒温箱分为低温箱和高温箱两种,加热控制恒温箱是一种高温恒温箱,并且它在工业、医疗和科学领域有着广泛的应用,因为一些特殊恒温箱控制系统在温度测量及控制方面都要求很高的精度,所以这篇文章中所设计的系统能够测量1618的温度,并且它的精度高于0.05。
ARM因其强大的功能和低成本的优点正逐渐占领微电子市场,也正因如此,设计一个基于ARM的高精、简单结构和低成本的温度控制系统便具有重要的实际意义和价值。
2恒温箱控制的基本原理在这个系统中,为获取恒温箱内部的温度,使用铂丝电阻作为温度传感器和基于常流源的桥式电路。
然后,将实际温度与通过触摸屏设定的温度作比较。
通过使用扩充型PID算法来调节STM32输出的16比特脉冲宽度调制信号,然后将PWM信号转换成电压信号来控制半导体控制整流器(SCR的导通角,从而控制加热管,系统控制原理示于图1图1系统控制原理3硬件设计这个系统包括温度获取桥式电路、STM32F103、彩色LCD触摸屏控制电路、滤波电路和SCRC(半导体控制整流器,另外,这个系统使用5.6英寸彩色LCD和触摸屏,有着优良的人机交互功能,并且能够实现实时监测和控制。
温度控制系统结构示于图2图2系统结构3
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