广东省澄海中学学年度第二学期高三级综合测试英语试题一.docx
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广东省澄海中学学年度第二学期高三级综合测试英语试题一.docx
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广东省澄海中学学年度第二学期高三级综合测试英语试题一
澄海中学2016—2017学年度第二学期高三级综合测试
(一)
英语科试卷
本试卷共三部分,满分135分(120分×1.125)。
考试时间120分钟。
第一部分:
阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Whentheyweren'tservingaspoliticians,writingworksofliteratureorstarringinHollywoodmovies,manyhistoricalfiguresalsofoundtimetocreatesomethinguseful.
AbrahamLincoln
AbrahamLincolnistheonlypresidenttoholdaU.S.patent.In1849,hedesignedadevice(装置〉thatcouldbeattachedtotheaidesofaboatandusedtolifttheboatovershallowsectionsofariver.Lincolnevenbuiltawoodenmodel,butwhilehereceivedhispatent,theinventionwasneverputintouse.
AlbertEinstein
In1926,EinsteinwasinspiredtodesignarefrigeratorafterreadinganewsstoryaboutaBerlinfamilywhohadbeenkilledbypoisonousgasleakingfromtheirfridge.Einsteinreceivedapatentforthefridgein1930andrecentresearchsuggeststhatsimilarcoolersmightbeaneco-friendlyalternativetomodernrefrigeratorsthatuseFreon(氟利昂).
RoaldDabl
Thoughmanypeopleknowthathewasafamousauthorofchildren,sbookssuchas“CharlieandtheChocolateFactory”,RoaldDabllivedavariedlife.Hisinterestinmedicinecameafteracaraccidentwhichlefthissonwith“wateronthebrain”.Hehelpedtodevelopadevicetoeasehischild’ssuffering.Thedevicewasputintoproductionin1962andwaslaterusedtotreatsome3,000childrenworldwide.
HedyLamarr
HedwigEvaMariaKiesler一betterknownbyherstagenameHedyLaman一becamefamousforstarringinHollywoodfilms.Inthe1940s,shepioneeredanewmethodofatechniquefordisguisingradiotransmissions.Otherinventorslaterexpandedonhergroundbreakingideas,andsimilarsystemstoher“SecretCommunicationsSystem”areusedineverythingfromcommunicationssatellitestomobilephones.
1.HowwasAbrahamLincolndifferentfromtheotherthree?
A.Hewasveryfamous.B.Hewasamanofwideinterests.
C.Hisinventiondidn'tapparentlybenefitpeople.D.Hewastheonlyonetoholdapatent.
2.WhydidmedicinebecomeappealingtoRoaldDahl?
A.Hewantedtohelphischild.B.Helostinterestinwriting.
C.Medicinebecamemorepopular.D.Heneededmoneytocurehischild.
3.Whomadeagreatcontributiontocommunicationstechnology?
A.AbrahamLincoln.B.HedyLamarr.
C.RoaldDablD.AlbertEinstein
4.Whatdothecharactersinthetexthaveincommon?
A.Theyweredevotedtopublichealth.B.Theywereignoredintheirtime.
C.Theyhadenvironmentalawareness.D.Theywereallcreative.
B
Thedayoftheend-of-semesterpartlyinmyson'sfifthgradeclasswasapproaching.Whiletheotherkidsseemedthrilledaboutcelebratingtheiraccomplishmentsbyplayinggamesandsharingtreats,Jeremyhatedtheveryideaofthegathering.
Ashecheckedoffthedaysleadinguptotheparty,InoticedthewayIhadadoptedtohelpmyquietchildprepareforsocialeventsbackfired:
therisingnumberofcheckmarksfeltmorelikeadrumbeatinglouderandlouderthananicewaytogetintothepartygroove(状态).
Inordernottoraisethepressuretoohigh,Idecidedtocontributesomethingthatwaseasytopurchase—fruit.
Thatbigdaycame.Onthewaytoschool,IremindedJeremytomakeapurchaseofsomegrapes.Hechosetheripestbunchofredgrapes,butinsistednoneofhisclassmateseverbeabletodetecthehadsomethingtobringtotheparty.
ThenasplannedattheschoolgateIsaidaquickgoodbyeandrantoinformhisteacherabouttheredgrapesinhisbackpackandmanagedtobeoutoftheclassroombefore1couldbespiedbymyson.
AsIenteredmyownclassroomafewminuteslater,Isetasidemyworriesandproceeded(继续)withmyregularmorningcheck-ins.Yetthistime,Iwasmoreintentional(故意的)abouttakingextratimetohelpallofmystudentsparticipate.Overtime,Idesignedlotsoftechniquestomakemyquietstudentsfeelmorecomfortableaboutsharingthoughtsandopinionswithothers.
So,whathappenedtoJeremyonthatday?
Hiscaringteacherperformedmagicinclass.Anunusuallyspecificquestion:
“Doesanyonehaveanygrapes?
”encouragedJeremytotakeoutthefruit.Becauseofthesupporthereceived,heremembersthatdaywithprideforhiscourage,ratherthanregretforhisinaction.
5.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“backfired”inParagraph2?
A.Worked.B.Disappeared.C.Survived.D.Failed.
6.WhatcanweknowaboutJeremy?
A.Heisaselfishchild.B.Helikestoeatgrapes.
C.Heisinactiveinactivities.D.Hostudiesmagicinclass.
7.Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnbyhelpingherownchild?
A.Sharingcanhelpreducenervousness.
B.Quietchildrencanbeasactiveasanyoneelse.
C.Teachersshouldtrytheirbesttohelpeachstudent.
D.Moreshouldbedonetoimproveteachers'ability.
C
Themajorityofastronauts(宇航员)fromAmericahavebeenmen.Atthestartofthespaceprogrammetherewasstrongresistancefromsomepeopleagainsthavingwomeninspace.However,somewomenwereverykeentobecomeastronautsandintheendtheyweresuccessful.In1978,NASAbeganthefirsttrainingprogrammeforwomenastronauts.
JudyResnickandChristaMcAuliffewerebothastronautsandtheywerebothwomen,butinmanyotherwaystheywereverydifferent.BothofthemwereonFlightSTS-5L-L.JudyResnickwasbornin1949andstudiedengineeringatuniversityandwentontoobtainaPhDin1977.Shewasamemberofthefirstgroupofwomenselectedforastronauttrainingin1978,andin1984,shebecamethesecondwomaninspace.Duringthatflight,shehelpedtolaunchthreenewsatellitesandshecarriedoutaprogrammeofresearch.Shewas,inmanyways,aprofessionalastronautwhosewholelifewasdevotedtospacetravel.
ChristaMcAuliffewasbornin1948andshewasanastronautalmostbyaccident.In1984,NASAdecidedtofindateacherwhocouldaccompanyastronautsintospace.Theyhopedthatshewouldbeabletocommunicatewithstudentsfromspaceandencourageeveryoneofthemtobeinterestedinspacetravel.Christawasasecondaryteacherinhistoryandsocialstudies.Shewasagiftedteacherandshewasselectedfromover11,000applicantstogoonflightSTS-51-L.Shewasalsoaverygoodcommunicatorandsheimmediatelyestablishedaverygoodrelationshipwiththenewsmedia(radio,televisionandnewspapers).Itwaspartlybecauseofthisthattherewasagreatdealofinterestandexcitementabouttheflight.ThousandsofstudentsinschoolsanduniversitiesallaroundthecountrywerelookingforwardtocommunicatingwithChristainspace.Millionsofpeoplewerewatchingherflightwithgreatinterest.ItispartlybecauseoftheexcitementoverMcAuliffe'splaceintheflightthatthedisasterin1986hadsuchaneffectonpeople.
8.Wecanlearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthat___________.
A.Judywasagainsttheideaofhavingwomeninspaceatfirst
B.Judyhelpedtolaunchthreenewsatellitesattheageof35
C.Judywasthefirstwomanselectedforastronauttraining
D.Judycarriedoutaprogrammeduringhersecondspacetravel
9.ChristaMcAuliffewaschosenfortrainingbecause_______.
A.shewaspopularwiththenewsmedia
B.sheexpectedtogivehistorylessonsinspace
C.shewasanexcellentteacherandcommunicator
D.shemadethestudentsinspaceveryexcited
10.ThereasonwhytherewasgreatinterestinFlightSTS-51-Listhat________.
A.bothChristaandJudygotPhDdegreesinthesameyear
B.ayoungsecondaryschoolteacherwasontheflight
C.studentsweregoingtolearnmoreaboutspacetravel
D.itwasthefirsttimeforwomentotravelinspace
11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.TwoAstronautsB.FlightSTS-51-L
C.TravellinginSpaceD.TheTrainingProgramme
D
America’sbusinessesaregettingolderandfatter,whilemanynewbusinessesaredyingininfancy.
AstudylastmonthbytheBrookingsInstitutionfoundthattheproportionofolderfirmshasgrownsteadilyoverseveraldecades,whilethesurvivalrateofnewcompanieshasfallen.Inaddition,youngpeoplearestartingcompaniesatasharplylowerratethaninthepast.
AnewreportfromtheNationalAssociationofManufacturersshowsamajorcause:
Thecostofobeyinggovernmentregulationshasrisentomorethan$2trillion(12.26trillionyuan)annually,or12percentoftheGDP,andthiscostfallsdisproportionatelyonsmaller,newerbusinesses.
It’srisky,difficultandexpensivetostartabusiness,andgettingmoreso.Governmentsareimposingvariousnewrulesonaseeminglydailybasis:
healthinsurance,minimumwageincreasesand,mostrecentlyinCalifornia,compulsorypaidsickdaysforevenhourlyemployees.Theseregulationsshifthugesocialwelfarecostsdirectlyontooften-strugglingsmallbusinesses,whilebeingproportionallymuchlesscostlyforlargercompanies.
Thisispartlyanunintendedissueofresources—establishedcompaniescancopewithnewcostsmoreeasily—butit’salsodeliberate.Forinstance,biginsurancecompaniesgotaseatatthetabletohelpwriteObamacare,butlesspoliticallypowerfulfirms—likemedicaldevicemanufacturers—gotsqueezed.
Mature,successfulcorporationscanemployex-lawmakerswithconnections,distributecampaigncontributionsandevenwriteregulationsforthemselves.Theyarealsomorelikelytowanttoprotectsteadyrevenuestreamsthanrevolutionizetheirindustry.
Majorcompaniesthathavebeensoill-managedtheywouldotherwisecollapse—airlines,carcompaniesandbanks—stagger(蹒跚)onbecausepoliticiansridetotherescuewithbagsoftaxpayermoney.
Thegeniusofouruniquesystemofgovernmentisthedeterminationtoprotectanddefendtherightsoftheindividualovertherightso
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