被动语态.docx
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被动语态.docx
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被动语态
被动语态(ThePassiveVioce)
一、语言知识。
本题共有10个小题,共10分请从每个小题的四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案
1.---IsMr.Blackintheclassroom?
---No,he___beintheclassroom.Isawhimgohomeaminuteago.
A.mayB.mustC.can'tD.mustn't
2.IlikethiskindofmusicthatIcandance______.Wouldyouliketodance________me?
A.to,withB.in,withC.with,toD.along,to
3.You’llfailyournextexam______youworkhardatyourstudiesfromnowon.
A.becauseB.unlessC.soD.if
4.Aliceisill.She_____tohospitalatonce.
A.issentB.mustbesentC.cansendD.mustsend
5.Iprefer________athomeratherthan________tothecinema.
A.tostay,togoB.stay,goC.tostay,goD.stay,togo
6.Whenwepracticeour______English,weoftenendupinChinese.
A.spoken,tospeakB.spoken,speaking
C.speaking,spokenD.speak,tospeak
7.—_________you_________yourvacationyet?
—Yes,I’mconsidering_____theDisneylandinHongKong.
A.Did,plan,tovisitB.Have,planned,visiting
C.Do,plan,visitingD.Will,plan,tovisit
8.Myfamilymovedtoahouse_____wasbuiltin2008.
A.thatB.whereC.whatD.who
9.----Yourwifeisunhappy.Who__her__---Maybehersister,MsLiu?
A.takesdownB.looksupC.putsupD.letsdown
10.--_____hisbikeislost?
--Hehastogotoschoolonfoot.
A.WhatifB.HowaboutC.Canyoutellme.D.Idon’tknow
二、被动语态语法讲解
一)定义及用法
被动语态常用于以下两种情况:
1.不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者;
2.强调动作的承受者。
例如:
1这棵树是那个男孩弄断的。
Thetree____________bythatboy.(填wasbroken)
二)被动语态的结构
被动语态的结构为“be动词+及物动词的过去分词(p.p)”。
被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的,其人称和数方面应与主语保持一致。
其具体变化为:
①一般现在时:
am/is/are+p.p.
②一般过去时:
was/were+p.p.
③一般将来时:
shall/willbe+p.p.
④现在完成时:
have/hasbeen+p.p.
⑤现在进行时:
am/is/are+being+p.p.
⑥过去将来时:
should/wouldbe+p.p.
⑦含情态动词的被动结构:
情态动词+be+p.p.例如:
1.Chinese______bythelargestnumberofpeople.
A.speakB.isspeakingC.speaksD.isspoken
2.Theboy______togetsupperreadyafterschool.
A.weretoldB.istellingC.wastoldD.tells
3.Alotofnewroads______builtinthewestofChina.
A.mustB.mustbeC.hasD.have
三)熟练转换
1.将主动语态变被动语态的基本方法为:
①将主动语态的宾语作被动语态的主语;
②谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”,并通过be的变化来表达出不同的时态;
③主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语,组成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。
(有时by短语可以省略)。
2.被动语态的一般疑问句是将一个助动词置于主语之前;否定句是在第一个助动词后加not;特殊疑问句的语序为:
疑问词+一般疑问句。
例如:
1Youmustthrowthebrokenpotteryawayatonce.
Thebrokenpottery________________________atonce.(同义句)(填mustbethrownaway)
2Wheredidtheygrowvegetables?
(改为被动语态)
Where______vegetables______?
(填were;grown)
四)注意特例
将主动语态变被动语态应注意几个特殊情况:
1.含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时,有两种方法:
①将间接宾语变为主语,直接宾语保持不变;
②将直接宾语变为主语,间接宾语用介词to或for引导。
例如:
①.Hetoldusastory.(变被动语态)
→Weweretoldastory(byhim).或:
Astorywastoldtousbyhim.
②.Hermothergaveheranewpen.(变被动语态)
Anewpen__________________herbyhermother.(填wasgivento)
2.短语动词的被动语态:
在变为被动语态时,要将短语动词视为一个整体,其后的介词或副词不能省去。
例如:
①Thisdictionarymustn't______fromthelibrary.
A.takeawayB.takenawayC.aretakenawayD.betakenaway
②Shewilltakegoodcareofthechildren.(变被动语态)
Thechildrenwill______________________________(byher).(填betakengoodcareof)
3.含有复合宾语的主动结构变被动结构时,通常将宾语变为被动句的主语,而宾语补足语就成为主语补足语。
注意:
省略to的不定式作宾补时,不定式符号to必须补上。
例如:
1SomeonesawhimswiminQianlingLakeyesterday.(变被动语态)
He__________________swiminQianlingLakeyesterday.(填wasseento)
4.不定式的被动结构:
动词不定式的被动语态为“tobe+过去分词”。
例如:
1Theradiosaysawildanimalzooisto______inourcity.
A.bebuildingB.buildC.bebuiltD.built
5.以疑问代词开头的疑问句转换成被动句时要注意词序:
应将主动句中的疑问代词改为介词by的宾语,但仍然放在句子开头。
例如:
①Whohasbrokenthecup?
(改为被动语态)
→Bywhomhasthecupbeenbroken?
五)注意区别
被动语态和过去分词作表语的区别:
1)含义不同:
被动语态强调动作,重点说明动作由谁完成、怎样完成;而过去分词作表语通常用来描写情景,叙述人或事物的特征及所处的状态。
试比较:
Thewindowisbroken.窗子破了。
(系表结构)
Thewindowisbrokenbyhim.窗子被他打破了。
(被动语态)
2)用法不同:
过去分词作表语时可以被so,very,too等程度副词修饰,而被动语态则不能用so,very,too修饰,而需用much,verymuch,somuch,toomuch修饰。
试比较:
Hewasveryinterestedinscience.他对科学有极大兴趣。
(系表结构)
IwassomuchsurprisedatthescenethatIdidn'tknowwhattodo.我被那种场面搞得大吃一惊,不知所措。
(被动语态)
六)牢记(相关)句型
初中教材中与被动语态相关的句型有:
1.becoveredwith被……覆盖
2.bemadeof由……制作(发生物理变化)
3.bemadefrom由……制作(发生化学变化)
4.bemadein由(某地)制造
5.bemadeby被(某人)制造
6.beusedfor被用来……
7.beusedas被当作(作为)……来使用
8.beusedtodosth.被用来做某事
9.Itissaidthat...据说……
10.Itishopedthat...希望……
11.Itiswellknownthat...众所周知……
例如:
1—Yourcoatlooksnice.Isit______cotton?
—Yes.It's______Shanghai.
A.madeof;madebyB.madeof;madein
C.madefor;madebyD.madefor;madein
②Thismachineisused______theroomwet.
A.forkeepingB.askeepingC.keepD.tokeeping
③据说在南京长江上又在建一座桥。
__________________that____________isbeing______overtheChangjiangRiverinNanjing.
(填Itissaid;anotherbridge;built)
九年级英语被动语态专项复习练习题
一、选择题(2×15=30分)
()1._____anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear?
A.Is;builtB.Was;builtC.Does;buildD.Did;build
()2.Anaccident____onthisroadlastweek.
A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened
()3.Cotton(棉花)____inthesoutheastofChina.
A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow
()4.Sofar,themoon____bymanalready.
A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited
()5.AtalkonChinesehistory_____intheschoolhallnextweek.
A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives
()6.Howmanytrees____thisyear?
A.areplantedB.willplantC.havebeenplantedD.planted
()7.Alotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.
A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone
()8.--When___thiskindofcomputers______?
--Lastyear.
A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used
()9.TheGreatWall____allovertheworld.
A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown
()10.Who_____thisbook_____?
A.did;writtenB.was;writtenbyC.did;writtenD.was;written
()11.Astory_____byGrannyyesterday.
A.wastoldusB.wastoldtousC.istoldusD.toldus
()12.Themonkeywasseen_____offthetree.
A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump
()13.Theschoolbag___behindthechair.
A.putsB.canbeputC.canbeputtedD.canput
()14.Olderpeople____well.
A.looksafterB.mustbelookedafterC.mustlookafterD.lookedafter
()15.Ourteacher______carefully.
A.shouldbelistenedtoB.shouldbelistenC.belistenedD.islistened
二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。
(1×20=20分)(请注意时态和语态两个方面)
1.It'ssaid(据说)thatthelongbridge______________(build)intwomonths.
2.Wheretohavethemeeting______________(discuss)now.
3.Whichlanguage_______themostwidely_______(speak)intheworld?
4.Thelostboy_____________(notfind)sofar.
5.Lastyearalargenumberoftrees______________(cut)down.
6.Thestudents_____often_____(tell)totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.
7.Theoldmanisill.He______(mustsend)tothehospital.
8.Vegetables,eggsandfruits_________(sell)inthisshop.
9.What_______knives______(make)of?
They_______________(make)ofmetal(金属)andwood.
10.Canthemagazine________(take)outofthelibrary?
11.Theroom_____________(clean)bymeeveryday.
12.Thestarscan’t_____________(see)inthedaytime.
13.Someflowers_______________(water)byLiMingalready.
14.Thiskindofshoes__________(sell)well.
15.Howlong_____youruncle______(be)inthecity?
16.Thefood_____________(smell)delicious.
17.Look!
Someone__________(dance).
三、按要求改写下列句子,一空一词。
(1×30=30分)
1.IsteagrowninSouthChina?
(改为主动语态)
_______people_________teainSouthChina?
2.Iamgivenabirthdaypresentbymyparentseveryyear.(同义句转换)
Abirthdaypresent____________________________bymyparentseveryyear.
3.Theworkisgoingtobefinishedintwodays.(对划线提问)
How______________theworkgoingtobefinished?
4.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.(改为被动语态)
AnEnglishsong___________________bythechildren.
5.Youneedn'tdoitnow.(改为被动语态)
It______________________byyounow.
6.Peopleusemetalformakingmachines.(改为被动语态)
Metal________________________makingmachines.
7.Hemademedothatforhim.(改为被动语态)
I____________________________thatforhim.
8.Theyarewatchingthefootballmatch.
Thefootballmatch_____________________bythem.
9.Didtheybuildabridgehereayearago?
(改为被动语态)
__________abridge____________herebythemayearago?
10.Theyhavesoldoutthelightgreendresses.(改为被动语态)
Thelightgreendresses____________________________out.
11.Wecallthegame“Lianliankan”.(改为被动语态)
Thegame_______________“Lianliankan”byus.
四、根据所给汉语完成句子,一空一词。
(1×10=10分)
①Thenewbike______________________(买给我)bymyparentsasapresentlastweek.
②_______yourmobilephone______________________(是国产的吗)?
③Thewholemountainis__________________(覆盖)thesnow.
五、下列各句均有一处错误,请找出并改正过来。
(10分)
①Ihavealotofhomeworktobedonetonight.____________
②Isyourhistoryteacherlistenedcarefullyinclass?
____________
③LeiFeng'snamerememberedbyallChinesepeople.____________
④Themusicissoundedbeautiful.____________
⑤BywhowasthisneweducationalCD-ROMdesigned?
_____________
课后强化练习:
( )1ThePeople'sRepublicofChina___onOctober1,1949.
A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound
( ) 2English____inCanada.
A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken
( )3ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.
A.oftensingsB.oftensang C.isoftensangD.isoftensung
( )4Thiskindofcar___inJapan.
A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade
( )5Newcomputers___allovertheworld.
A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused
( )6Ourroommust___cl
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