110KV降压变电所一次系统设计文献翻译.docx
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110KV降压变电所一次系统设计文献翻译.docx
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110KV降压变电所一次系统设计文献翻译
VoltageControlof110kVSubstationofEnterprise
Abstract—Thispaperintroducesthe110kVsubstationspowersupplysystemanddevicesofAnhuiGITITireCompanyLtd.,analysestheprincipleofvoltagemanagementandproposestoimprovethemethodsofvoltagemanagementqualityforsolvingthedifficultyofstableoperationofpowerutilizationforlargechemicalenterprises,whichsolutionhasapplicationvalue.
Keywords-powersupplysystem,reactivepowercompensation,voltagemanagement,powerfactor
I.INTRODUCTION
ThepowersupplysystemofAnhuiGITITirecompanysubstationshowninfigure1,whichadoptthewithinbridgewiringmodeof110kVdoublecircuitpowersupply.Thenormaloperatingmodeisthroughthe#101switch,T1generatortransformertogivethe6kVbusandsectionpowersupplywithbringingthewholeplantload,T2hotspare,therearethree4800kvarcapacitorsetsinthesidesof6kVbusasreactivepowercompensation,whileparallelina6000kWthermalgeneratorset.
Figure1.powersupplysystem
Becausetheenterpriseloadisperceptualload,itwouldproducesvoltagedroponthevice-sidesoftransformer,undertheproductionrequirementsof24hoursoperationandtheconditionofpowerpeakvaluewouldavoid,andsomepowerloadopenorclose,6kVvoltagefluctuationisbiggish.Ontheotherhand,thedemandofsomeofthecompanyequipmentishighertovoltagestability,asnearlytensetshigh-powercentrifugalcompressors,whenthevoltagedropby10%,thetorquewilldropby19%,andwilldamageimpeller.Atthesametime,becauseofthestatorcurrentincrease,windinggeneratesheat,influencesthemotorlife,itadoptundervoltageprotectionwithsettingintherangeof-5%standardvoltages.Inaddition,someproductionlinkageline,duetospeedmatching,tensioncontrol,etc.,whenthevoltageisunstable,itwouldleadstoasubstandardproducteasily,sothecompanyrequiressupplyvoltageallowabledeviationwhichkeepintherangeof±5%standardvoltage,andtheallowabledeviationofvoltageofthenationalstandardis±7%oftheallowabledeviationofthree-phasepowersupplyvoltageofstandardvoltageunder10kV.Tomeettheneedofenterprisevoltagestability,ithavetoadoptreasonablemethodsforvoltageregulation,reasonableallocationandco-ordinationarrangementstoexistingvoltageregulationequipments.Thispaperanalysestheprincipleofvoltagemanagementandproposestoimprovethemethodsofvoltagemanagementquality.
II.THEVOLTAGEADJUSTMENTPRINCIPLEOFTHECENTRALPOINT
Thepurposeofvoltagemanagementistoensurethevoltageofeachloadpointinallowingdeviationarea,buttherearemorethan20setsworkshoptransformersubstationsandagreatmanyscatteringloadpoints,withthepowerloadandsystemoperationmodeschanging,thevoltagelossbetweenlinesinsystemwillalsochanges,itisnotpossibletostrictlyensureallusershaveratedvoltageatanytime,andalsononeedtomonitorandadjustthevoltageforeveryloadpoint,eachloadpointvoltageisallowedtohaveacertainoffset.Loadpointsinsystemalwayssupplypowerthroughsomeofthemajorsupplypoint.ItcanbeseeninFig.1,thatitcancontrolsthewholefactory’svoltagelevelthroughcontrolthe6kVbusvoltagelevel,sothepowersupplypointfor6kVbusisthecentralpoint.Tocalculatedthevoltagelossonlinesfromthecentralpointtotheloadpointofworkshoptransformersubstation,itcanbedeterminedtherequirementforeachloadpointtotheloadvoltageofcentralpoint,whichcanbesynchronizedcoordinationadjustedbythetransformerofeachsubstationtofindallowablevariationrangeofcentralpointvoltage,makingthevoltageofallloadpointthatsupplypowerbythecentralpointcanmeettheneedssimultaneously,sothattheentiresystembetweenthemaximumandminimumoperationmode,toadjustthecenterpointvoltagecanberealizedvoltagebalancebecauseofchangeofvoltageinducedbyloadchange,correspondingvoltageregulationmethodisadoptinginversevoltageregulationthatincreasethecentralpointvoltageproperlyinpeakloadtooffsetvoltagelossincreaseonsomeorallpowersupplycircuitandreducethecentralpointvoltageproperlyinvalleyloadtooffsetsomeorallvoltagelossdecrease.Sotheeachloadpointvoltagecanbemaintainedwithintheallowabledeviationunderthecontrolofcentralpoint.
III.VOLTAGEMANAGEMENTMETHODS
A.Changetheturnsratiotoraiseorlowervoltageofthesecondarywindings
T1andT2twogeneratortransformerisSFZ-31500/110whichuseon-loadvoltageregulationtappingswitch,itcantransformthetappingswitchjointofhighvoltagelateralcoiltoregulatevoltageunderthenormalloadcurrent,modeofconnectionispositiveandnegativemodeofneutralpointtappingswitchofcoil,voltagecombinationis110±8×1.25%/6.3kV,whichbedividedinto17levelsvoltageregulation.
Tappingswitchiscomposedofreversingswitch,selectorswitchandpolarityswitch.Thereversingswitchundertaketoswitchloadcurrentandensurecontinuouspowersupply,whichputintoseparateinsulatingtube,sothatpreventingtransformerinsulationoildegradationforarcwhichproduceintheprocessofswitchingcurrent,theoddnumbercooperatewithevennumberofselectorswitchsoastochoosetoadjustwindingandmainwindingtoworkinseriesandchangethenumberofturnsofthehighvoltagelateralwinding.polarityswitchcanchoosethepositiveandnegativepolaritiesforconnectingregulatingcoil,thesameregulatingcoilcanenlargethescopeofregulationvoltagedouble,butsomeorallregulationvoltagecoilconnectwithmaincoilreverseinthenegativetappingarea,whichincreasecoilloss.TheregulationprincipleisshowninFigure2,throughthepolarityswitchKtoselectpositiveandnegativeshifts,accordingtoascendingtheshiftsof1-9ispositivetappingarea,9B-17isnegativetappingarea,potentialofunitregulationcoiloverlayorreversewithpotentialofmainwindingtoincreaseordecreasethetotalpotentialofhighvoltageside,thenthroughselectingswitchin1to9shiftaccordingtoneedspecifictostrobetoaccessregulationwindingandconnectwithregulationwindingtappinginadvancewiththechangeprocess.SlidingcontactorofreversingswitchactforthreestepsfromA,B,Cpositioncycles,selecttoconnectordisconnectCorAwithneutralpointNtoensurecontinuityofthecoilcurrentintheprocess,tworesistanceforR
R
completethecircuitwithregulationwindingintheslidingprocessofswitchingswitchcontactorwhichcanlimitcirculationandprotectregulationwinding.Threeswitchescoordinatewitheachotherforoperationaccordingtothesetactionprocedurestochangeeffectiveturnofcoiloftransformerhighvoltageside,consequentlychangetheratiotoachievethepurposeofvoltageregulation.
Figure2.theprincipleofon-loadvoltageregulationtappingswitch
B.Thereactivepowercompensationvoltageregulationofelectrostaticvoltagecapacitor
InductancecoilinACcircuitproduceself-inductionEmf,thevoltagelead90°onthephasethanthecurrentininductancecomponents,atthesametimethereactivecurrentwouldgeneratedegaussingeffectintransformerandgenerator,resultinginvoltagedrop.Whilethecurrentlead90°onthephasethanthevoltageincapacitor,atthesametimethecapacitivecurrentwouldgeneratemagneticenhancementeffectintransformerandgenerator,resultinginvoltagerise.thephasediagramshowninFigure.3.
.
Figure3.phasorofdiagramcapacitivecurrent,reactivecurrentandvoltage
C.Usinggeneratortovoltageregulation
Becausethisisanoinvestmentandmostimmediatevoltageregulationmethod.Fromtheformula
=4.44
wecan
seethatadjustthegeneratorexcitationcurrent,thevaluesof
willbeproducedinthegeneratorstatorwindingandgrid.Whenthegeneratorparallelwiththegridifitno-loadrun,whentheexcitingcurrentisratedcurrent,thegeneratorpotentialEisequaltogridvoltageU,theninthestator
generatorsisnoarmaturereaction,itsphasorisshowninfigure4(a).Whenincreasetheexcitingcurrent,resultinginincreaseforfluxproducedbyrotor,thegeneratorno-loadpotentialEwillallincrease,becausethepowernetworkvoltageUwillremainunchanged,sovoltagedrop
appearedinthegeneratorstatorwinding,
leadtocurrent“
”inthestatorwinding,
actuallyisthevoltagedropwhich“
”onsynchronouscircuitreactance,becausethestatorreactanceislargerthanresistance,“
”lagbehind
90°,forradicalpotential
90°asperceptual,laggingofreactivecurrent,voltage
leadingto90°,reactivecurrentoverreacttopowergenerators,itisapurecapacitiveloadanditsphasorisshowninfigure4(b).Ifreduceno-loadcurrentgeneratorexcitationpotentialE,becausewiththesamevoltageU,
statorwindingofthegeneratoriselectricpotentialdifference
butthevoltagedifferenceandexcitationconditionofthevoltagedifferenceisoppositedirection,thephasorisshowninFigure4(c).Becausethestatorcurrent
causedbyelectricpotentialdifference
advance90°than
soitlagbehind90°than
theoperationmodeisoweexcitation,oweexcitationgeneratorisequaltoapureinductanceloadrelativetogrid.
.
Figure4.no-loadrunningphasordiagramofgenerator
anormalexcitationbover-excitationcoweexcitation
Throughoutanalysesthreeworkingconditionfortheratedexcitation,over-excitationandoweexcitationwithno-loadrunning,theactivepowerisnochange,butforthereactivepower,adjusttheexistingcurrentcanchangetheconversioninthreeworkingconditionforgenerato
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