浙大宁波理工英语平台阅读答案.docx
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浙大宁波理工英语平台阅读答案.docx
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浙大宁波理工英语平台阅读答案
Doyoufindgettingupinthemorningsodifficultthatit'spainful?
Thismightbecalledlaziness,butDr.Kleitmanhasanewexplanation.Hehasprovedthateveryonehasadailyenergycycle. Duringthehourswhenyoulaborthroughyourworkyoumaysaythatyou're"hot".That'stry.Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatitspeak.Forsomepeoplethepeakcomesduringthenoon.Forothersitcomesintheafternoonorevening.Noonehasdiscoveredwhythisisso,butitleadstosuchfamiliarmonologuesas:
GetupJohn!
You'llbelateforworkagain!
ThepossibleexplanationtobetroubleisthatJohnisathistemperatureandenergypeakintheevening.Muchfamilyquarrellingendswhenhusbandsandwivesrealizewhattheseenergycyclesmean,andwhichcycleeachmemberofthefamilyhas. Youcan'tchangeyourenergycycle,butyoucanlearntomakeyourlifefititbetter.Habitcanhelp.Dr.Kleitmanbelieves.Maybeyou'resleepyintheeveningbutfeelyoumuststayuplateanyway.Counteractyourcycletosomeextentbyhabituallystayinguplatethanyouwantto.Ifyourenergyislowinthemorningbutyouhaveanimportantjobtodoearlyintheday,risebeforeyourusualhour.Thiswon'tchangeyourcycle,butyou'llgetupsteamandworkbetteratyourlowpoint.
1.Ifapersonfindsgettingupearlyaproblem,mostprobably______.
A.herefusestofollowhisownenergycycle
B.heisnotsurewhenhisenergyislow
C.heisalazyperson
D.heisathispeakintheafternoonorevening
正确答案:
heisathispeakintheafternoonorevening
题目详解:
所谓的“懒惰”实际上是因为这个人的能量在夜里已经达到顶峰。
如果一个人不愿早起,那就说明他的能量顶峰不在早上。
所以heisathispeakintheafternoonorevening是正确答案。
2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmayleadtofamilyquarrelsaccordingtothepassage?
A.Achangeinafamilymember'senergycycle.
B.Unawarenessofenergycycles.
C.Attemptstocontroltheenergycycleofotherfamilymembers.
D.Familiarmonologues.
正确答案:
Unawarenessofenergycycles.
题目详解:
根据第二段的结尾:
当家庭成员了解了彼此的能量周期,就可以避免一些争吵。
那么显然很多争吵都是由于彼此之间没有意识到对方的能量周期而造成的。
3.Ifonewantstoworkmoreefficientlyathislowpointinthemorning,heshould______.
A.changehisenergycycle
B.getupearlierthanusual
C.gotobedearlier
D.overcomehislaziness
正确答案:
getupearlierthanusual
题目详解:
根据第三段倒数第二句话:
如果一个人想在他的能量低潮期工作更有效率,那么就应该比平常起得早一些。
Humanmigrations(迁移)withinrecordedhistoryhavetransformedtheentirecharacteroflandsandcontinentsandthecompositionoftheirracial,ethnicandlanguagegroups.ThemapofEurope,forexample,istheproductofseveralmajorearlymigrationsinvolvingtheGermanicpeoples,theSlaves,andtheTurks.TheoverseasmigrationofEuropeansduringthisperiodtotaledabout60millionpeople.ThelargestmigrationinhistoryhasbeencalledtheGreatAtlanticMigrationfromEuropetoNorthAmerica,thefirstmajorwaveofwhichbeganinthe1840'swithmassmovementsfromIrelandandGermany.Inthe1880's,asecondandlargerwavedevelopedfromeasternandsouthernEurope;between1880and1910some17millionEuropeansenteredtheUnitedStates.ThetotalnumberofEuropeansreachingtheUnitedStatesamountedto37millionbetween1820and1980.From1801to1914about7.5millionpeoplemovedfromEuropetoAsiaticRussia,andbetweenWorldWarIandIIabout6millionmorechosetomovethere,notcountingthevastnumberofdeportees(被遣返回国者)whowereforcedtogotoSiberia'slaborcamps.SinceWorldWarIIthelargestmigrationshaveinvolvedgroupsfromdevelopingcountriesmovingtotheindustrializednations.Some13millionpeoplemovedacrossborderstobecomepermanentresidentsofWesternEuropefromthe1960'sthroughthe1980's,andmorethan10millionpermanentimmigrantswereadmittedlegallytotheUnitedStatesinthatsameperiod,withillegalimmigrationaddingseveralmillionsmore.Slavemigrationsandmassexpulsions(排斥)alsohavebeerpartofhumanhistoryforthousandsofyears.ThelargestslavemigrationswereprobablythosecompelledbyEuropeanslavetradersoperatinginAfricafromthe16thtothe19thcentury;perhaps20millionslavesweretakentotheAmerica,thoughalargenumberdiedinterribleconditionsofthetripacrosstheAtlanticOcean.ThelargestmassexpulsionshaveprobablybeenthoseimposedbyNaziGermany,whichdeported7to8millionpersonsduringWorldWarII.Themajortrendininternalmigrationduringthe20thcenturyhasbeenthemovementfromruraltourbanareas.Asaconsequence,urbangrowthsinceWorldWarIIhasbeenveryrapidinmuchoftheworld,particularlyindevelopingcountries.
________________________________________
1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Thefirstmajorwaveofmigrationbeganinthe1840's.
B.TheoverseasmigrationofEuropeanstotaledabout60millionpeople.
C.Humanmigrationswithinrecordedhistoryhavechangedtheworld.
D.ThemapofEuropeistheproductofseveralmajorearlymigrations.
正确答案:
Humanmigrationswithinrecordedhistoryhavechangedtheworld.
题目详解:
主旨题,本文开宗明义,首句即点名主题,选项Humanmigrationswithinrecordedhistoryhavechangedtheworld.恰是首句的简明说法,故为答案。
2.ThefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT_________.
A.thelargestmassexpulsionshavebeenthoseimposedbyNaziGermany
B.thelargestslavemigrationswerecompelledbyEuropeanslavetraders
C.betweenWorldWarIandII,about6millionpeoplemigratedtoEurope
D.thelargestmigrationinhistoryhasbeencalledtheGreatAtlanticMigration
正确答案:
betweenWorldWarIandII,about6millionpeoplemigratedtoEurope
题目详解:
是非题,本题[thelargestmassexpulsionshavebeenthoseimposedbyNaziGermany],[thelargestslavemigrationswerecompelledbyEuropeanslavetraders],[thelargestmigrationinhistoryhasbeencalledtheGreatAtlanticMigration]三选项的细节散落在文章二三段,处理时要细心。
3.HowmanypeoplemovedacrossborderstobecomepermanentresidentsofWesternEuropefromthe1960'sthroughthe1980's?
A.17million.
B.Some13million.
C.20million.
D.Morethan10million.
正确答案:
Some13million.
题目详解:
细节理解题,本题依据是文章第二段最后一句话的前半句,即“Some13millionpeople…the1980's”.
4.Whathadbeenthetrendofmigrationduringthe20thcentury?
A.ThemovementfromEuropetoAmerica.
B.ThemovementfromAfricatoAmerica.
C.Themovementfromurbantoruralareas.
D.Themovementfromruraltourbanareas.
正确答案:
Themovementfromruraltourbanareas.
题目详解:
细节理解题,本题20世纪移民的趋势。
答案在文章第三段倒数第二句话即“Themajortrendininternal…hasbeenthemovementfromruraltourbanareas”故答案为Themovementfromruraltourbanareas.
ManyofTHECIRCUITSinthehumancentralnervoussystemoperatethroughcrossedlaterality-thatis,therighthandis"wired"totheleftsideofthebrain,andviceversa.Inatleast95percentofright-handersthespeech-languagecenterisinthebrain'slefthemisphere.Yetonlyabout15percentofleft-handersaresimilarlyhookedup,withspeechcontrolledbytheopposite,orright,hemisphere.AccordingtoJerreLevy,abiopsychologistattheUniversityofChicago.About70percentofleft-handershavespeechcontrolledbytheleftsideofthebrain,whiletheremaining15percenthavetheirlanguage-controlcentersinbothhemispheres. Broadlyspeaking,theleftsideofthebrainisthoughtbysomescientiststoprocesslinear,logicalinformation,whiletherightsidetendsmoretowardsprocessingemotionandmood.Thismaybewhyleftiesareatsignificantlyhigherriskofschizophrenia,phobiasandmanic-depression,andinonestudywereshowntobethreetimesmorelikelytoattemptsuicide. Althoughsouthpawsmakeuponlytenpercentofthepopulation,theyaccountforbetween14and18percentofthosetreatedforalcoholism,accordingtoDr.WayneP.LondonofDartmouthMedicalSchool.Theycanbemoresensitivetoavarietyofotherdrugstoo.PeterIrwin,aresearchscientistatSandozInstituteinEastHanover,N.J,foundthat,aftertakingsuchmedicationsasaspirin,antidepressants,sedativesandantihistamines,leftieshadgreaterchangesinelectricalactivityinthebrainthanrightiesdid.Asifthisweren'tenough,southpawsappeartobetwiceaspronetoautoimmunediseases,includingdiabetes,ulcerativecolitis,rheumatoidarthritisandmyastheniagravis. Withsuchliabilities,howhaveleft-handersmanagedtosurviveatall?
Thegoodnewsisthatthereisaverybrightsidetobeingalefty.CamillaBenbow,associateprofessorofpsychiatryatIowaStateUniversity,surveyedstudentswhoscoredinthetop100thofonepercentinmathontheScholasticAptitudeTest.Shediscoveredthatfully20percentofthesemathgeniuseswereleft-handed-doubletheproportionofleftiesinthepopulation.Mensa,thehigh-I.Q.society,estimatesthat20percentofitsmembersareleft-handed. Indeed,theabilitytointegratewhatsomeresearcherscallthemore"logical"leftsideofthebrainandthemore"intuitive"or"artistic"rightsidemayhavehelpedleftiesexcelinmanyfields.
________________________________________
1.What'sthemeaningof"crossedlaterality"?
A.Thehumancentralnervoussystemisjustlikeacircuit.
B.Right-handers'speech-languagecenterisinbrain'sleft-hemisphere,whileleft-handers'speech-languagecenterisinbrain'sright-hemisphere.
C.Therighthandiscontrolledbytheleftsideofthebrain,andthelefthandiscontrolledbytherightsideofthebrain.
D.Thedevelopmentofrightandleftsideofbrainisinteractive.
正确答案:
Therighthandiscontrolledbytheleftsideofthebrain,andthelefthandiscontrolledbytherightsideofthebrain.
题目详解:
文中有这样的句子:
crossedlaterality-thatis,therighthandis"wired"totheleftsideofthebrain.破折号后就是对crossedlaterality解释,表达方式略有不同。
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