大学英语综英教程课文详解词汇和语法点.docx
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大学英语综英教程课文详解词汇和语法点.docx
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大学英语综英教程课文详解词汇和语法点
BookOne
UnitI
TextI
tobeawayfrom…:
toleave…
forgood:
forever
e.g.,Henrylefthishometownforgoodwhenhewasalittlechild.
beconfrontedwithsth.:
befacedwithsth.difficult,dangerous,unpleasant,etc.
e.g.Jackwasconfrontedwithacharge(=accusation)oftheft.
Theywerethenconfrontedwithafoodshortage.
Theworldisnowconfrontedwitheconomiccrises.
briefasitwas=althoughitwasbrief
Whenasisusedtomeanalthough,itmustbeusedinaninvertedorderforemphasis:
adv./adj./v.+as+S+V
e.g.Hardasshetried,shefailed.
Wealthyashewas,hewasnothappy.
Tryastheywill,theywon’tsucceed.
touchedwith…:
associatedwiththejoysandsorrowsofthefourgenerationsofthefamily
betouchedwith:
containacertainamountof(aquality)
e.g.Theboyistouchedwithgenius.
Herhairistouchedwithbrown.
c.f.Herstorytouchedusdeeply.
wellup:
comeup;rise
e.g.Oilwellsupfromtheground.
Gratitudewelledupinmyheart.
reston:
lieon;fallon
e.g.Hisarmrestedonthetable.
throughmytears:
whileIwascrying
…saygoodbyetoyou…:
leaveyou…/partfromyou…
haveonethingincommon:
shareonething;sharethesamething
havesth.incommon:
sharesth.
e.g.Thetwosistershavealotincommon.
Thetwinbrotherslookalike,buttheyhavelittleincommonincharacter.
lookinto:
lookatcloselyandcarefully;examine
e.g.Shelookedintomyeyesforalongtime.
c.f.Thepolicelookedintothecaseofmurder.
handinhand:
holdingeachother’shands
e.g.Thetwoplayersenteredthetenniscourthandinhand.
It’s…thatmakesthemso.:
It’sthespecialfeelingthatyouhavethatmakestherosesbeautiful.
thatspecialplacein…:
thatspecialfeelingthatyouhave
makesthemso:
makestherosesbeautiful
Itis/was…who(m)/that…(emphaticpattern)
e.g.Itisthebosswhokeepsorderingusaround.
Itwasin1949thatNewChinawasborn.
ItwasTomwhom/thatIsawinthelibrary.
was…adream:
wasborn;cameintotheworld
manysons:
manyyoungmen
wentaway:
leftforthebattlefield
agreatevil:
NaziFascism(headedbyHitlerandMussolini)
Don’teversay…:
Neversay…
givein(to):
yield(to);surrender(to)
e.g.Theyfoughtfortwodays,butfinallytheyhadtogivein.
Nevergiveintodifficultiesorhardships.
Takethatspecialhello:
Acceptthatfirstfriendlygreeting
lockitawaywithinyou…:
alwayskeepitinyourmind(andyouwillneverforgetthejoyandhappinessofsummer)
lockawaysth.:
keepsth.safebyputtingitinalockedplace;keepsth.secret
e.g.Theladylockedawayherjewelryinasafe.
Shelockedawayhersorrowsdeepinherheart.
summerisanalwaystime:
thereisalwaysgreatjoyandhappinessofsummer
analwaystime:
anever-lastingtime
mustpart=mustpartfromeachother
part(fromsb.):
leave(sb.);saygoodbye(tosb.)
e.g.Thepoorgirlhadtopartfromherparents.
reach…withinyou:
thinkdeeply
bringback:
remember
thefamilywassummoned:
allthepeopleinthefamilyweretoldtocomeback
Whenitcametomyturn:
Whenitwasmyturntoseehim
whenitcomes/cametoone’sturn:
whenitis/wasone’sturntodosth.
e.g.Whenitcametohisturn,hewentcalmlyontotheplatform.
movedon:
left;wentaway
makeup:
form;constitute
e.g.Elevenplayersmakeupasoccerteam.
China’spopulationmakesupaboutaquarteroftheworld’stotal.
TextII
attache(s):
(Howtopronounceit?
)
springsup:
beginssuddenly
womenhaveoutgrownthe…era:
thedaysaregonewhenwomenwouldjumponachairatthesightofamouse,i.e.nowadayswomenarenolongersoeasilyscaredorfrightenedastheyusedtobe
acolonelwhosaystheyhaven’t.:
acolonelsayswomenarestilleasilyscaredorfrightened.
…unfailingreaction:
reactionthatawomanalwayshas
feellikeit:
wanttoscream
whatcounts:
thethingthatisimportant
frightenthecobraintostriking:
frightenthesnakesomuchthatitwillattackandbitepeople
arresting:
attracting(people’s)attention
itsoberseveryone:
itmakes…calmandquiet
forfeit:
lose(money)becauseoffailuretodosth.
makefor:
movetowards(quickly)
lightsup…:
causes(thewoman’sface)tobecomecheerful
Unit2
TextI
whatever=whatever(moreemphaticthanwhat)
manners:
people’swaysofbehaving
dosb.afavour:
dosth.kindforsb.;
helpsb.
e.g.Couldyoudomeafavour?
goodmanner(s):
politeway(s)ofbehavingortreatingothers
alittlenicer…eachother:
abitmorepolitetoeachother
gottenawayfromthat:
becomedifferentfromwhatitusedtobe
hand:
pass;give
givingawaveornod…:
wavingthehandornoddingtheheadtoshowtheirgratitude
appreciation:
thankfulrecognition;gratitude
pulloutintotraffic:
driveontotheroadandjoininthetraffic
pullout:
driveontotheroad
doesn’treallymatter:
isn’treallyimportant
itcanmatterverymuch:
itcanbeveryimportant
matter:
beimportant
e.g.Itdoesn’tmatterhowyou’redressedoninformaloccasions.
…stylishwithoutgoodmanners:
(wecan’tbetruly)fashionableunlesswebehavepolitelyandtreatotherspolitely
thinkof…as:
regardorview…as
e.g.ManypeoplethinkofHangzhouasthemostbeautifulcityinChina.
Mozartisthoughtofasoneofthegreatestcomposersofhistime.
Theybecome…beforeoureyes:
Theyseemtobegreatmoviestarstous
Take:
Consider
art:
skill
getintoa/thehabit:
forma/thehabit
e.g.Youshouldgetintoagoodhabitoftakingnotesinclass.
Nevergetintothebadhabitofsmoking.
gracious:
polite;good
setsb.anexample(=setanexampleforsb.):
showsb.therightwaytodosth.
e.g.Hesetusagood/fineexample.
Hesetagoodexampleforus.
addspricelesspanacheto…:
helpsgreatlytoimproveyourimage/contributesgreatlytoimprovingyourimage
do/workwonders:
haveanunusuallybeneficialeffect;bringunexpectedgoodresults
e.g.Themedicinedidwondersforhisheadache.
thepersonon…end:
thepersonreceiving“Thankyou.”;thepersonreceivingthethank
complimentsb.onsth.:
praisesb.forsth.
e.g.Theguestscomplimentedheronhercooking.
Wecomplimentedthehostonhishospitality.
sweetgesture:
pleasinggesture
terrific:
verygood/nice(colloquial)
putmeinagreatmood:
mademeveryhappy
Ibetthenote…didn’t…towrite:
I’msuremyguestmusthavespentlittletimewritingthenoteshesentme
Ibet:
I’msure/certain(colloquial)
e.g.Ibettheywillsucceed.
putoff:
postpone
e.g.Themeetingwasputoff.
IputoffansweringtheletterasIwasverybusy.
goby:
pass
e.g.Nearlyamonthhasgonebysincewecametothiscollege.
board(anairplane):
get/goonboard(anairplane)
meltaway…theirritation…:
makemostofyourangerdisappear
Samefor=Itisthesamefor
aweebit:
alittlebit(colloquial)
e.g.Hisstoryisaweebittedious.
punctualityisnot…:
beingontimeisnotjuststh.highlyvaluedonlyinthepast(;itisstillhighlyvaluedeventoday)
athingofthepast:
sth.(thatwas)highlyvaluedonlyinthepast
Beingontime:
Beingpunctual
value:
regardasvaluableorimportant
e.g.Wehighlyvaluethefriendshipbetweenourtwocountries.
itcountsthemost:
itisthemostimportant
count:
beimportant
e.g.Everyminutecounts.
c.f.Itdoesn’tmatterwhetheryougoorstay.
goalongway(todosth./towardsdoingsth.):
helpgreatly(todosth.)
e.g.Thatwillgoalongwaytoovercomethedifficulties.
Thatwillgoalongwaytowardsovercomingthedifficulties.
theyareinyourthoughts:
theyareimportanttoyou;youoftenthinkaboutthem
suregetmyattention:
surelyattractmyattention
sure=surely(colloquial)
e.g.Hesureisright.
Showthat…:
Youshouldshowthatyoudon’ttreatyourwifeorhusbandwithcarelessindifference
takesb.forgranted:
treatsb.withcarelessindifference
e.g.HetookMaryforgranted.
c.f.Theytookourhelpforgranted.
(=Theyregardedourhelpascertain.)
areinfectious:
canbespreadfromonepersontoanother(i.e.ifyoubehavepolitelytoothers,you’llmakethembehavepolitelytoyouinreturn)
ifwecouldjustget…:
Iwishwecouldgeteveryonetousegoodmannerswithothers
if:
ifonly;howIwish
catchthem:
usegoodmannerswithothers;behavepolitelytoothers;treatotherspolitely
TextII
AnEducator’s…Responsibility:
aparent’sorateacher’smoralresponsibility(forchildren)
ravagesofinhumanity:
destructiveeffectsofactsofcruelty
intolerance:
lackoftolerance
compelling:
convincing
decline:
falling;deterioration
contendwith:
strugglewith
levels:
degrees
adolescentaggression:
someteenagers’aggressivebehavior(suchasusingoffensivelanguage,attackingorbullyingyoungerorweakerchidren)
profanity:
offensivelanguage(tobeusedtoinsultsb.,e.g.“Goddamnit”,“thesonofabitch”,etc.)
socialclimate:
socialatmosphere
displayantagonisticattitudes:
showhatredorhostilitytoothers
impartto…thevalues…(=impartthevalues…totheirchildren):
lettheirchildrenknowandlearnthevalues…
impartsth.tosb.:
letsb.knowsth.
integrety:
honesty
decency:
modesty
surrender:
giveup
interferewith:
prevent;affect
disciplined:
punished
ratherthan:
insteadof
findfaultwith:
becriticalof
inessence:
essentially;basically
pervasive:
widespread
affirm:
agreewith;support
sportsmanship:
spiritofhonestfairplayandgracefulwinningorlosing
ladiesandgentlemen:
well-behavedpersons/citizens
Unit3
TextI
When…Struck:
When…HitthePlane
strike:
hit;
e.g.Lightningstruckthehouse.
Thetreewasstruckbylightning.
c.f.Tomstrikes(=impresses)measaverybrightboy.
aircrash:
planecrash;airdisast
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