英语二考前讲义.docx
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英语二考前讲义.docx
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英语二考前讲义
2017考研英语二第一讲阅读理解
Text1
IwasaddressingasmallgatheringinasuburbanVirginialivingroom—awomen’sgroupthathadinvitedmentojointhem.Throughouttheevening,onemanhadbeenparticularlytalkative,frequentlyofferingideasandanecdotes,whilehiswifesatsilentlybesidehimonthecouch.Towardtheendoftheevening,Icommentedthatwomenfrequentlycomplainthattheirhusbandsdon’ttalktothem.Thismanquicklyconcurred.Hegesturedtowardhiswifeandsaid“She’sthetalkerinourfamily.”Theroomburstintolaughter;themanlookedpuzzledandhurt.“It’strue,”heexplained.“WhenIcomehomefromworkIhavenothingtosay.Ifshedidn’tkeeptheconversationgoingwe’dspendthewholeeveninginsilence.”
ThisepisodecrystallizestheironythatalthoughAmericanmentendtotalkmorethanwomeninpublicsituationstheyoftentalklessathome.Andthispatterniswreakinghavocwithmarriage.
ThepatternwasobservedbypoliticalscientistAndrewHackerinthelate70s.SociologistCatherineKohlerRiessmanreportsinhernewbook“DivorceTalk”thatmostofthewomensheinterviewed—butonlyafewofthemen—gavelackofcommunicationasthereasonfortheirdivorces.Giventhecurrentdivorcerateofnearly50percent,thatamountstomillionsofcasesintheUnitedStateseveryyear—avirtualepidemicoffailedconversation.
Inmyownresearch,complaintsfromwomenabouttheirhusbandsmostoftenfocusednotontangibleinequitiessuchashavinggivenupthechanceforacareertoaccompanyahusbandtohis,ordoingfarmorethantheirshareofdailylife-supportworklikecleaning,cookingandsocialarrangements.Instead,theyfocusedoncommunication:
“Hedoesn’tlistentome”“Hedoesn’ttalktome.”IfoundasHackerobservedyearsbeforethatmostwiveswanttheirhusbandstobefirstandforemostconversationalpartnersbutfewhusbandssharethisexpectationoftheirwives.
Inshort,theimagethatbestrepresentsthecurrentcrisisisthestereotypicalcartoonsceneofamansittingatthebreakfasttablewithanewspaperheldupinfrontofhisface,whileawomanglaresatthebackofit,wantingtotalk. 26.Whatismostwives’mainexpectationoftheirhusbands?
[A]Talkingtothem. [B]Trustingthem.
[C].Supportingtheircareers. [D].Sharinghousework.
27.Judgingfromthecontext,thephrase“wreakinghavoc”(Line3,Para.2)mostprobablymeans______.
[A]generatingmotivation.[B]exertinginfluence
[C]causingdamage [D]creatingpressure
28.AllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT______.
[A].mentendtotalkmoreinpublictanwomen
[B].nearly50percentofrecentdivorcesarecausedbyfailedconversation
[C].womenattachmuchimportancetocommunicationbetweencouples
[D]afemaletendstobemoretalkativeathomethanherspouse
29.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizethemainideaofthistext?
[A].Themoraldecayingdeservesmoreresearchbysociologists.[B].Marriagebreak-upstemsfromsexinequalities.
[C].Husbandandwifehavedifferentexpectationsfromtheirmarriage.[D].Conversationalpatternsbetweenmanandwifearedifferent.
30.Inthefollowingpartimmediatelyafterthistext,theauthorwillmostprobablyfocuson______.
[A].avividaccountofthenewbookDivorceTalk
[B].adetaileddescriptionofthestereotypicalcartoon
[C].otherpossiblereasonsforahighdivorcerateintheU.S.
[D]abriefintroductiontothepoliticalscientistAndrewHacker
Text2
Inorderto“changelivesforthebetter”andreduce“dependency”,GeorgeOsborne,ChancelloroftheExchequer,introducedthe“upfrontworksearch”scheme.OnlyifthejoblessarriveatthejobcentrewithaCV,registerforonlinejobsearch,andstartlookingforworkwilltheybeeligibleforbenefit—andthentheyshouldreportweeklyratherthanfortnightly.Whatcouldbemorereasonable?
Moreapparentreasonablenessfollowed.Therewillnowbeasevendaywaitforthejobseekersallowance.“Thosefirstfewdaysshouldbespentlookingforwork,notlookingtosignon.”heclaimed“We’redoingthesethingsbecauseweknowtheyhelppeoplestayoffbenefitsandhelpthoseonbenefitsgetintoworkfaster.”Help?
Really?
Onfirsthearing,thiswasthesociallyconcernedchancellor,tryingtochangelivesforthebetter,completewith“reforms”toanobviouslyindulgentsystemthatdemandstoolittleeffortfromthenewlyunemployedtofindwork,andsubsidieslaziness.Whatmotivatedhim,weweretounderstand,washiszealfor“fundamentalfairness”—protectingthetaxpayer,controllingspendingandensuringthatonlythemostdeservingclaimantsreceivedtheirbenefits.
Losingajobishurting:
youdon’tskipdowntothejobcentrewithasonginyourheart,delightedattheprospectofdoublingyourincomefromthegenerousstate.Itisfinanciallyterrifying,psychologicallyembarrassingandyouknowthatsupportisminimalandextraordinarilyhardtoget.Youarenownotwanted;yousupportisminimalandextraordinarilyhardtoget.Youarenownotwanted;youarenowexcludedfromtheworkenvironmentthatofferspurposeandstructureinyourlife.Worse,thecrucialincometofeedyourselfandyourfamilyandpaythebillshasdisappeared.Askanyonenewlyunemployedwhattheywantandtheanswerisalways:
ajob
ButinOsborneland,yourfirstinstinctistofallintodependency—permanentdependencyifyoucangetit—supportedbyastateonlytooreadytoindulgeyourfalsehood.Itisasthough20yearsofevertougherreformsofthejobsearchandbenefitadministrationsystemneverhappened.TheprincipleofBritishwelfareisnolongerthatyoucaninsureyourselfagainsttheriskofunemploymentandreceiveunconditionalpaymentsifthedisasterhappens.Eventheveryphrase“jobseeker’sallowance”—inventedin1996—isaboutredefiningtheunemployedasa“jobseeker”whohadnomandatoryrighttoabenefitheorshehasearnedthroughmakingnationalinsurancecontributions.Instead,theclaimantreceivesatimelimited“allowance”,conditionalonactivelyseekingajob;noentitlementandnoinsurance,at£71.70aweek,oneoftheleastgenerousintheE.U.
21.GeorgeOsborne’sschemewasintendedto.
[A]providetheunemployedwitheasieraccesstobenefits
[B]encouragejobseekers’activeengagementinjobseeking
[C]motivatetheunemployedtoreportvoluntarily
[D]guaranteejobseekers’legitimaterighttobenefits
22.Thephrase“tosignon”(Line2,Para2)mostprobablymeans.[A]tocheckontheavailabilityofjobsatthejobcentre
[B]toacceptthegovernment’srestrictionsontheallowance
[C]toregisterforanallowancefromthegovernment
[D]toattendagovernmentaljobtrainingprogram
23.Whatpromptedthechancellortodevelophisscheme?
[A]Adesiretosecureabetterlifeforall.
[B]Aneagernesstoprotecttheunemployed
[C]Anurgetobegeneroustotheclaimants.
[D]Apassiontoensurefairnessfortaxpayers.
24.AccordingtoParagraph3,beingunemployedmakesonefeel.[A]uneasy [B]enraged [C]insulted [D]guilty
25.Towhichofthefollowingwouldtheauthormostprobablyagree?
[A]TheBritishwelfaresystemindulgesjobseekers’laziness.
[B]Osborne’sreformswillreducetheriskofunemployment.
[C]Thejobseekers’allowancehasmettheiractualneeds.
[D]Unemploymentbenefitsshouldnotbemadeconditional.
第二讲新题型
PartBDirections:
ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)
SomeOldTruthstoHelpYouOvercomeToughTimes
Unfortunately,lifeisnotabedofroses.Wearegoingthroughlifefacingsadexperiences.Moreover,wearegrievingvariouskindsofloss:
afriendship,aromanticrelationshiporahouse.Hardtimesmayholdyoudownatwhatusuallyseemslikethemostinopportunetime,butyoushouldrememberthattheywon’tlastforever.Whenourtimeofmourningisover,wepressforward,strongerwithagreaterunderstandingandrespectforlife.Furthermore,theselossesmakeusmatureandeventuallymoveustowardfutureopportunitiesforgrowthandhappiness.IwanttosharetheseoldtruthsI’velearnedalongtheway.
41.
Fearisbothusefulandharmful.Thisnormalhumanreactionisusedtoprotectusbysignalingdangerandpreparingustodealwithit.Unfortunately,peoplecreateinnerbarrierswithahelpofexaggeratingfears.MyfavoriteactorWillSmithoncesaid,“Fearisnotreal.Itisaproductofthoughtsyoucreate.Donotmisunderstandme.Dangerisveryreal.Butfearisachoice.”Idocompletelyagreethatfearsarejusttheproductofourluxuriantimagination.
42.
Ifyouaresurroundedbyproblemsandcannotstopthinkingaboutthepast,trytofocusonthepresentmoment.Manyofusareweigheddownbythepastoranxiousaboutthefuture.Youmayfeelguiltoveryourpast,butyouarepoisoningthepresentwiththethingsandcircumstancesyoucannotchange.Valuethepresentmomentandrememberhowfortunateyouaretobealive.Enjoythebeautyoftheworldaroundandkeeptheeyesopentoseethepossibilitiesbeforeyou.Happinessisnotapointoffutureandnotamomentfromthepast,butamindsetthatcanbedesignedintothepresent.
43.
Sometimesitiseasytofeelbadbecauseyouaregoingthroughtoughtimes.Youcanbeeasilycaughtupbylifeproblemsthatyouforgettopauseandappreciatethethingsyouhave.Onlystrongpeopleprefertosmileandvaluetheirlifeinsteadofcryingandcomplainingaboutsomething.
44.
Nomatterhowisolatedyoumightfeelandhowseriousthesituationis,youshouldalwaysrememberthatyouarenotalone.
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