crosscultural communication.docx
- 文档编号:12188375
- 上传时间:2023-04-17
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:7
- 大小:36.59KB
crosscultural communication.docx
《crosscultural communication.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《crosscultural communication.docx(7页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
crossculturalcommunication
英文学院本科生学期论文
课程名称跨文化交际
学期2015-2016学年第2学期
学号1201010716
姓名全春霞
专业英文学院
任课教师
成绩
TheCulturalDiversityandCulturalShockofCross-culturalCommunication
by
全春霞
SchoolofEnglishStudies
Xi'anInternationalStudiesUniversity
Xi’an,China
2015.6.28
TheCulturalDiversityandCulturalShockofCross-culturalCommunication
Abstract:
Timegoesby.Withtheinnovationoftechnologyandtherapiddevelopmentofproductivityunderthecurrentoftheeconomicglobalization,theconnectionbetweenpeopleisnearandnear,aswellascountry.Therefore,peopleindifferentnationsaremorecloselyinterdependenttoeachotherandtheworldisbecominganinternationalfamily.Thispaperfocusonexploringtheculturaldiversityandculturalshockofcross-culturalcommunicationunderglobalizationthroughthecomparisonandanalysisoftheculturaldifferencesbetweenthedifferentcountriesintwofilms.
Keywords:
cross-culturalcommunication;culturaldiversity;cultureshock
1.Introduction
Today,thereareover200countriesandmorethan5000nationalitiesinthisworld,amongwhich10%areminorities.Duetothegeographicalenvironment,climate,naturalconditionsandhistoricalbackground,thewayoflife,thedifferencesofeconomicandtechnology,everycountryandnationalityisdifferentanddistinctive.Ethnicdiversityinevitablyleadtoculturaldiversitybecausedifferentcountriesandregions,ethnicandracialhavedifferentculture.However,culturalshockiscausedbyculturaldifferencesontheculturalvaluesofcontradictionsandintenseconfrontation.CultureShockreferstotheculturaldifferencesandnotadapttothehugelossandpsychologicalimbalancecausedbytheculture.Therefore,ifpeopledonotknowtheseculturaldifferences,peoplewillhindereffectivecommunicationbetweendifferentethnicgroupsandclosecontacts,whichisnotconducivetohumanprosperityandharmoniousdevelopment.Withtherapiddevelopmentoftheworldeconomyandfrequentcontactsbetweendifferentcountries,cross-culturalcommunicationisgettingmoreandmoreimportant.Inordertotheharmoniousdevelopmentofhumanbeings,peoplemustknowmoreculturaldiversityanddecreaseculturalshocktostrengthentheunderstandingandcommunicationbetweendifferentethnicgroups.
2.Theculturaldiversityofcross-culturalcommunication
Theculturaldiversityshowsindifferentregionsandcountries,indifferentlanguages,indistinctivecustoms,diversewaysofthinkingandvariousfaithsandsoon.Sinceeachregionalwayshasdifferencesinthelocalhistoryandculture,thereforeithastheirownuniqueculturalandhistorycharactersofthelogicalstructure.Culturaldiversityisthesocialreality,sooursubjectivedesirecannotchangeit.Everythinghasitsrationalityofexistence,andpeoplehavetoacceptthetruthofitsexistence.Incross-culturalcommunication,wecan'tchangethereality,sopeoplenotonlyacceptandrespectotherculturesbutalsoneedtoactivelyadapttodifferentcultures.
2.1theCulturalDiversityofDifferentLanguage
Thelanguage,themostimportantcommunicationtoolforhuman,isthecarrierofthehumanthought.Generallyspeaking,eachnationhasitsownlanguage.AccordingtoLinguisticsandLanguageCommunicationToolsHandbookpublishedbyGermansays“thatthereare5651languagesintheworld.Intheselanguages,than1400languageshavenotbeenrecognizedasanindependentlanguage.”
InLostinTranslation,Thehost,BobwasinvitedtoJapanforanadvertisementofwhisky.Onthespotforthefirsttime,directorfromJapanspeakingforalongtimedemandedBobtoturntocameralens,butthetranslatortoldBobthedemandfromdirectorjustbyonesentence-“turntocamera”.TheBobwereveryconfusedandsaid“that’sallhesaid?
”and“allright,doeshewantmeto…to…turnfromtherightor…turntheleft?
”.Cultureisdividedintohigh-contextandlow-contextculturefromtheangleofcommunication.Japaneseisahigh-contextculturethateverythingneedstobeunderstoodbyspecificscenarios;Americanisalow-contextculturecountrythatpeopleareusedtoexpressthemselvesdirectly.
Meantime,TheJapanesedevelopsacompletesystemofhonorific,calledJapanesehonorificwhichreferstorespectfortheinterlocutor.Here,inordertoshowthepoliteness,userswhousehonorificskillshaveawideselectionofwordsandexpressionsinvolvingthedifferentlevelsoflanguage.Sometimes,asimplesentencemayhavemorethan20expression,whichdependsontherelativepositionbetweenthespeakerandthetalkingobject.Properconversationisquitechallengingsincetherelativepositionrelationisdeterminedbythecomplexcombinationofmanyfactors,suchassocialstatus,age,genderandsoon.Soincross-culturalcommunication,knowingotherlanguagesiskeytogetalongwellwithotherpeople.
2.2theCulturalDiversityofDistinctiveCustomsandDiverseThinkingWays
Customisaspecificsocialcultureareaandpeopleabidebypatternsofbehaviororspecifications.Withahistoryofformation,customisakindofsocialtraditionsandhaseffectivelyrestrictivefunctiontomembersofsociety.Customisthebasisandsupplementofsocialmoralityandlaw.Differentcountryandnationalityhavedifferentcustoms.
Forcolors,inchina,redmeansluckyandfestivalbutinwesternculture,itmeansbleeding,dangerandfighting;whiteinchinarepresentsfailureanddeath,onthecountry,inwestern,itrepresentslucky,pureandhonest.Soincross-culturalcommunication,peopleshouldpayattentiontothesedetailstoavoidcausingmisunderstandingandevenleadtoconflict.Forexample,inAmerican,peoplewhoattendtoweddingshouldavoidwearingredclothesandshoes.Therefore,wemustmastertheinterpersonalskillswhileweareinsocialconditions.Wemustrespectothers'habitsandagreewiththeirdifferencesinordertoavoidconflictsandembarrassment.
InGuaShaTreatment,ThebiggestculturedifferencethefilmshoweduswasthatChineseculturewasbasedonexperiencewhilewesternbasedonspecificevidences.ThefilmGuashaTreatmentdescribeswhathappenedtoaChinesefamilyaftertheyhadusedthetraditionalChinesemedicaltreatmentGuashatoalittleboyintheUniteState.Inaddition,DatongwasnotthepersonwhogavethelittleboyGuaShatreatmentbuthisfatherdothat.However,Datongdecidedtobeascapegoat.Thiswasaculturedifference.InChinesetraditionalculture,lawisnotimportantthanaffection.Thoughwealsopraisethosepeoplewhoputrighteousnessabovefamilyloyalty,nobodywantsthathappentothemselves.Chinesethinkthatbeingascapegoatforfamilymembersespeciallyforfatherormotherisaresponsibility.Indifferentculture,peoplehavedifferenthabittodosomethingwhatotherpeoplewhohavedifferentculturecan’tunderstand.
3.theCulturalShockofCross-culturalCommunication
Cross-culturalcommunicationisoneofthemajorproblemsofthecontemporaryhumansociety.Interculturalcommunicationisbecomingmoreandmorecommontoday.Itprovidespeoplewithmanyopportunitiestocontactandcommunicatewithwesternandtodeepenourunderstandingofwesternsocietybutthisisnotasimplematter,becausewhatwefaceisfromnewcultureandcountry.Thewayofthinkingandlivingandbehaviorareverydifferent,andtheculturaldifferencesoftencausecommunicativedifficultiesandproblems,misunderstanding,confusion,contradictionsandevenconflicts.
3.1theConflictofFormulaicLanguage
ChinesepeoplekeepmodestincommunicationwithothersandthinkofthatasavirtueandtheChineseculturecharacteristicofpolite.ThisisanobviousillustrationofSelf-denigrationinChinesepoliteness.Whenotherspraiseus,wetendtobelowtoshowmodestyandpolite.Westerncountrieshavenosuchculturalhabits,whentheyarepraised,therewillalwaysbeveryhappyandsay"Thankyou"toaccept.DuetothedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternculture,someChinesethinkthewestistooconfidentandhaughty;AndwhenthewesternhearsChineseanswerthattheydenytheirownachievementandotherpeople’spraise,theycanfeelverysurprisedandthinkChinesepeoplearenothonest.
InGuaShaTreatment,thecontradictionbetweenChineseandAmericanerupted,becauseDatong'ssonDennishitJohn,thesonofDatong’boss,andDatongbeatDennisinfrontofhisboss.ThatistogivethebossrespectinChinesestyle.Thebossiscan’tunderstandandsays"respect?
GoodChineselogicofunreasonable!
"Chinesepeopleshowrespectbybeatingtheirchildrenwhentheirchildrenfightwithotherpeople’schildren.However,thewayofpolitenessishardtounderstandingforAmericanwhobelievebeatingchildrenisfault.
Indifferentculture,knowingculturecanhelpdecreaseconflictsandisgoodforpeoplewhoarefromdifferentcountrytogetalongwellwitheachother.
3.2theConflictofTimeViewandPersonalValues
Westernviewoftimeandmoneyarelinkedtogether,sotheyareverycherishtheirtime.Inlife,theytendtomakecarefularrangementsandplansandformthegoodhabitofpunctuality.Inthewest,peoplemustadvancenotice,explainthepurposeandinformthetimeandtheplace.Afterhosthasagreed,peoplecanbecarriedoutandthenvisitsomeone.ButChinesekeepthemulti-dimensionaltimethatmeansthetimeisflexibleandpeoplehaveagreatrandomnessonusingtime,inotherword,peopledonotstrictlycarryoutinaccordancewiththeplanlikewesterners.Westernersoftenfeelconfusedtounderstandthis.
TraditionalChineseculturehasalwaysbeenpromotingselflessdedicationandteamspirit,theChineseisg
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- crosscultural communication
![提示](https://static.bdocx.com/images/bang_tan.gif)