《傲慢与偏见》的幽默与讽刺.docx
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《傲慢与偏见》的幽默与讽刺.docx
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《傲慢与偏见》的幽默与讽刺
成人高等教育
序号:
082
天津外国语大学成人高等教育
英语(本科)毕业论文
论文题目(英文):
HumorandSatireinPrideandPrejudice
论文题目(中文):
《傲慢与偏见》的幽默与讽刺
答辩成绩:
____________________
*****
学号:
身份证号:
*******
完成日期:
2011年11月6日
Contents
Abstract(inChinese)………………………………………………
Abstract(inEnglish)……………………………………………...
.Introduction…………………………………………………...1
1.1.Anintroductiontotheauthor………………………....1
1.2.Anintroductiontothenovel………………………….5
.Theanalysisofthehumorinthenovel….……………………6
.Theanalysisofthecharactersinthenovel…………………..14
3.1.TheSatireofthecharactersinthenovel………….…..14
3.2.Thesatireoftheplot……………….……………….…16
.Conclusion………………………………………………..…18
Notes.................................................................................................20
Bibliography……..…………………………………………..……21
摘要
《傲慢与偏见》以伊丽莎白和达西的爱情故事为主线向读者们展示了一幅18世纪末英国乡村的风俗画卷。
作者,简•奥斯丁运用了各种讽刺手法,揭露了当时社会盛行的以金钱为轴心的爱情与婚姻,抨击了只注重物质的婚姻。
为了更好地支撑这一主题,本文分为四大部分:
第一部分对作者和小说做一简介;第二部分对小说的幽默进行分析;第三部分是对于小说的讽刺加以分析;第四部分为结论,重申主题。
关键词:
《傲慢与偏见》;幽默;讽刺
Abstract
InthenovelofPrideandPrejudice,thelovestoryofElizabethandDarcyisthemainline,whichshowsapictureofthe18thcenturyoftheEnglishcustoms.JaneAustin,skillfullyusedthetechniqueofavarietyofsatire.Hernovelrevealstheloveandmarriageoftheyoungpeopleasthatage.Asthesametime,thenovelcriticizesthemarriage,whichonlyfocusesonmaterialism.
Tosupportthethesis,thepaperisdividedintofourparts.Thefirstpartbringsabriefintroductiononboththeauthorandthenovel.Thesecondpartmakesananalysisofthehumorinthenovel.Thethirdpartmakesananalysisofthecharactersinthenovel.Thefourthpartistheconclusion,restatingthethesisofthepaper.
Keywords:
"PrideandPrejudice";humor;irony
.Introduction
1.1.Anintroductiontotheauthor
JaneAustenwasbornonDecember16th,1775,inSteventonrectoryinHampshire,England.Shespentheryearsofchildhoodandyouththere.HerfatherwastherectorofSteventon,HampshireandJaneAustenwastheseventhdaughter.Atfirst,Mr.Austenwantedtofindagoodboardingschoolforhisdaughters.However,allthisattemptsfailed.Then,hedecidedtoteachhisdaughtersathome.Ofcourse,theybenefitedfromtheirfather'sextensivelibraryandhisguidancealot.JaneAustenspentherearlyyearsquietlyandcheerfullyindoingsmalldomesticduties.Shebegantowriteatanearlyageandwhenshewasfifteenyearsold,herwritingwasalreadymarkedbyhercharacteristicneatstylishnessandhercrispirony.JaneAustenlikedtoreadwhatshehadwrittentoherfamily.Anditimpressedherfathergreatly.Soinordertopublishhisdaughter'sworks,Mr.Austentriedtowritetosomepublisher,offeringthemanuscript.Buthefailed.TheAustenfamilymovedtoBathin1801.TheylivedthereuntilMr.Austendiedin1805.Later,JaneAustenmovedtoSouthampton,andthentoChawtoninHampshiretogetherwithhermother,hersister-Cassandra,andherlifelongfriend-MarthaLloyd.In1817,shewenttoWinchesterduetoherhealthproblemanddiedthereonJuly18th,1817.ShewasburiedinWinchesterCathedral.InJaneAusten'slifetime,shedidnotgetmarried.
JaneAustenenjoyedalifeof41years.Duringthisperiod,shewrotesixnovelsalltogether.TheyareSenseandSensibility,PrideandPrejudice,MansfieldPark,Emma,NorthangerAbbey,andPersuasion.ThefirstfournovelswerepublishedwhileshewaslivingatChawton,andthelasttwoinDecember1817,severalmonthsafterherdeath.ButJaneAustenwastoomodesttoacknowledgethatshewastheauthorsofthesesixnovels.Allofhernovelswerepublishedanonymously.
Inallthesesixnovels,JaneAustentalkedaboutthesmallworldthatshelivedin.“Ofeventsherlifewassingularlybarren:
fewchanges,andnogreatcrisisevenbrokethesmoothcurrentofitscourse.”Shefixedhereyesontheordinaryandcomiclifeandtheassociationoftheso-calledrespectablemiddle-classfamiliesinvillagewhichshewasquitefamiliarwith,especiallytheexperienceofprovincialgirlshuntingforhusbands.Shewasenliveningherfather'sparsonageandwritingabouttheclergy,theoldmaids,theshort-sightedmothers,themarriageabledaughters,andotherpeoplethatfigureinvillagelife.Therewerenothingsinhernovelsaboutsex,violence,death,radicalbehavior,heroicpassions,astoundingadventures,dramaticconflictsortragedies,whichwerealwaystalkedaboutbytheherpredecessorsandhercontemporarywriters.ThestoriesandthecharactersunderherpenarealloflyricalandpastoralflavorwithoutbeinginfluencedbythegreathistoricalchangetheFrenchRevolution,whichbrokeoutinJaneAusten'stime.
AstoJaneAusten'sverystyleofherworks,theBritishfemaleVirginiaWoolfsaidinherfamousARoomofOne'sOwn.Ofallgreatofnovelists,JaneAustenisthemostdifficulttocatchintheactgreatness.InAboutAusten,T.BMacaulaysaid:
“ShakespeareisUnparallel,however,inthisrespect,thewriterwhosewritingstyleisthemostperfectashim,isundoubtedlyJaneAusten.SheistheprideofGreatBritain.”AndthecommentfromSirWalterScottis:
“Thatyoungladyhadatalentfordescribingtheinvolvementsandfeelingsandcharactersofordinarylife,whichis-tomethemostwonderfulIevermetwith.TheBigBow-wowstrainIcandomyselflikeanynowgoing;buttheexquisitetouch,whichrendersordinarycommon-placethingsandcharactersinteresting,fromthetruthofthedescriptionandsentiment,isdeniedtome.Whatapitysuchagiftedcreaturediedsoearly!
”
ItistruethatJaneAustenkepthereyesonaroundherandaboutthesmallworldshelivedin.Peoplebothinherlifeandinhernovelspaidvisits,wenttoballsandpartieswitheachotherandspentpartofeveryyearatBrighton,especiallyatBath.Herwritingwasconfinedtoanarrowandsmallfield.However,itwasrightinthisnarrowandsmallfieldthatseveralgreatnovelswerecreated,whichhavebeenpopularthroughoutthehistoryofliterature.Therefore,JaneAustenherselfcomparedherworktosomefineengravingmadeuponalittlepieceofivoryinonlytwoinchessquare.
JaneAusten'swordsarehumorousandironic.Asmentionedabove,shepaidgreatattentiontotheordinaryandcomiclifeofcommonpeopleinthecountrysideofBritain.Sheisgoodatmakingthecharactersinhernovels.InanAustennovel,wordsandmodesofdiscoursetakeonanewsignificanceasindicationsofhowcharacterswillactAusten'sironicemphasisplacessignificanceuponthelocalitiesoflanguageandsituationratherthanonnarrative.Theyreflecttheconceit,foolishnessandabsurdityofhumannaturelikeamirror.JustastheBritishcriticA.CBradleyhassaidthatJaneAustenhastwoobvioustendencies:
shewasbothamoralistandahumorist.
Inaddition,JaneAustenisregardedasarealisticnovelistinsteadofaromanticoneandhernovelsareregardedasthefirstscaleofgenerally-acknowledgedBritishrealisticnovelsinthenineteenthcenturybecauseheremphasisonreason,propriety,anddecorummakeshercloserinspirittolate-eighteenth-centuryAgeofReasonthantotheRomanticismthatgenerallyrebelledagainsteighteenth-centuryvalues.Sheconcernedaboutthesocialrealityofherdayandasmentionedabove,shesucceedsinproducingveryvividportraitsofhermajorcharactersandinpaintingrealisticandcolorfulpicturesofthelifeandmannersoftheuppermiddleclassinruralEnglandofhertime.
1.2.Anintroductiontothenovel
AmongthesixnovelsthatJaneAustenhaswritten,PrideandPrejudiceisthemostfamousandthemostpopularone.Sofar,ithasbeentranslatedintomanylanguagesandwidelyread.Itisalsoadaptedintofilmsanddramas,allofwhicharesuccessful.Sothereisnowonderthatitisincludedinthelistoftheworld'stenfamousnovels.Itisaverydramaticandattractivenovel.
Themainsubjectinthenovelisstatedinthefirstsentenceofthenovel:
“Itisatruthuniversallyacknowledgedthatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortunemustbeinwantofawife.”1Inthisstatement,Janehascleverlydonethreethings:
shehasdeclaredthatthemainsubjectofthenovelwillbecourtshipandmarriage.Shehasestablishedthehumoroustoneofthenovelbytakingasimplesubjecttoelaborateandtospeakintelligentlyof,andshehaspreparedthereaderforachaseinthenovelofeitherahusbandinsearchofawife,orawomeninpursuitofahusband.ThefirstlinealsodefinesJane'sbookasapieceofliteraturethatconnectsitselftothe18thcenturyperiod.PrideandPrejudicebelongstothe18thcenturybecauseoftheemphasisonmaninhissocialenvironmentratherthaninhisindividualconditions.Theuseofsatireandwit,acommonformofthe18thcenturyliterature,alsocontributestolabelthebookasanovelofthe18thcentury.
.Theanalysisofthehumorinthenovel
JaneAustenisrecognizedtobeoneofthesupremeartistsofthenovel.ItisbelievedthatsheinheritsthetraditionoftheEuropeanwayofwritinganovelanddevelopsitintoauniqueoneofherown,whichmakeshernovelsalwaysinamongdiscerningreadersofallclasses,andtimeandspacehaveneverdamagedherreputation.ItcanbemanifestedbyT.B.Macaulay'sawords:
“Shakespearehashadneitherequalorsecond,butamongthewriterswho,…haveapproachednearesttothemannerofthegreatmaster,wehavenohesitationinplacingJaneAusten,awomenofwhomEnglandisjustlyproud.”Anotherrenownedcriticfollowedthisassertion,sayingthatJaneAustenis“aproseShakespeare”.
AnothercriticalevaluationofJane
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- 关 键 词:
- 傲慢与偏见 幽默 讽刺
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