人教版高三英语二轮复习之语法填空精讲学案无答案.docx
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人教版高三英语二轮复习之语法填空精讲学案无答案.docx
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人教版高三英语二轮复习之语法填空精讲学案无答案
语法填空必考点之动词:
考点:
时态、被动语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词
语法填空必考点一:
时态
时态
标志词
动词形式
被动语态
一般现在时
always,usually,often,sometimes,onSundays,everyday/week/month/year,onceayear,twiceamonth,threetimesaweek等
v.原型(第一二人称和第三人称复数)
v单三(第三人称单数)
am/is/aredone
一般过去时
yesterday,justnow,
theotherday,threedaysago,lastweek/year/month..
1.v.-ed(规则动词)
2.不规则动词(见附表)
was/weredone
一般将来时
tomorrow,next…
in2020
1.will/shall+v.原形
2.begoingtodo
1.shall/willbedone
2.begoingtobedone
现在进行时
thesedays,look,now, atthemoment,listen等。
am/is/are+doing
am/is/arebeingdone
过去进行时
allnight,onthenightof March1,2014,atthattime,alldayyesterday,“at...o’clock+过去时间(atteno’clockyesterday)
was/were+doing
was/werebeingdone
现在完成时
(1)for+时间段fortwoyears
(2)since+时间点sincetwoyearsago;
(3)alreadyyet;lately,recently,sofar,bynow,uptonow,
(4)overtheyears,inthelastfewyears,in/during/overthepast/lastfewdays/years.
have/has+动词的过去分词have/hasbeento+sp曾经去过某地have/hasgoneto+sp去了某地不在说话地
have/hasbeendone
过去完成时
1.when/before+一般过去时或过去的时间
by,bythetime,bytheendof+一般过去时或过去的时间
had+过去分词
hadbeendone
情态动词
Can/may/must/could/would/should/need+动词原形
Can/may/must/could/would/should/needbedone
点播1:
动词的第三人称单数变化规则:
规则动词的一般过去时变化规则:
动词的现在分词变化规则:
技巧点播:
熟记固定句式定时态
(1)“was/weredoingsth.+when+一般过去时”表示“正在做某事,就在这时突然……”。
(2)“It/This/Thatwasthefirst/second/...timethat+主语+过去完成时...”表示“这是某人第一/二/……次……”。
“It/This/Thatisthefirst/second/...timethat+主语+现在完成时...”表示“这是某人第一/二/……次……”。
(3)Itistimethatsb.didsth.表示“该做……了”。
(4)“Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since...didsth.”表示“自从做某事已经一段时间了”。
(5)would/hadrathersb.didsth.表示“宁愿某人做某事”。
(1)动词的时态(请先画出标志词)
典题感悟
1.Inrecentyearssomepeople__________(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements...
2.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI__________(make)overtheyears.
3.OnestudyinAmericafoundthatstudents’grades__________(improve)alittleaftertheschoolintroduceduniforms.
4.I__________(hope)tosendPeteragifttocongratulatehimonhismarriage,butIcouldn’tmanageit.
5.Onthefirstdayofmyfirstgrade,Istoodbythedoorwithbutterfliesinmystomach.I__________(voice)mybiggestconcerntomymother,“HowwillImakefriends?
”
6.AfewmonthsafterhehadarrivedinChina,Mr.Smith__________(fall)inlovewiththepeopleandculturethere.
7.Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand____________(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.
8.ItwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI__________(see)thenightfacetoface...
语言点积累:
不规则动词变化:
Give-gave-given给Take-took-takenTell-told-told告诉
Fall-fell-fallen下降Come-came-come来Make-made-madeSee-saw-seen
自己总结的技巧:
语法填空必考点二:
被动语态
技法2.固定句式用语态
(1)一些固定句式中的被动语态。
Itissaidthat... 据说……
Itisbelievedthat...有人相信……
Itissupposedthat...据推测说……
Itisthoughtthat...人们认为……
(2)表示主语的某种属性、特征或功能的词,如read,write,sell,wash,clean,cook,catch,draw,cut,photograph,peel等,常与well,badly,easily,smoothly等副词连用,用主动形式表示被动意义。
如:
Theshirtdoesn’twashwell.
这件衬衫不好洗。
(二)动词的语态
典题感悟
1.Amy,aswellasherbrothers, ____________(give)awarmwelcomewhenreturningtothevillagelastweek.
2.we____________(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarm
3.Whenfatandsalt____________(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.
4.Sarah____________(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain’snewsupermodelearningamilliondollarsinthenewyear.
5.We ____________(tell)tostayawayfromthedogaswecouldnotaffordit.
6.Afterthefire,Iwouldbakebrowniesand
(1)____________(take)themdowntothefirestationwithourdaughter.We
(2)____________(be)friendsalltheseyears.IthasbeenquiteawhilesinceIhavebakedforthem,andtodaywastheperfectopportunity!
AsIwalkedintothefirehouse,I(3)____________(greet)byafirefighterwiththewarmestsmile.
7.Shortlyafterheborrowedthisbook,he____________(call)toLondontocontinuehisresearch.
8.Myeyes____________(fill)withtearsasshewipeddownthetableandguidedmydadtotheseat.
9.Thegiantpanda____________(love)bypeoplethroughouttheworld.
语法填空必考点三:
主谓一致
技法1.固定结构定主谓一致
(1)主语后跟有with,togetherwith,aswellas,like,but,except,alongwith,等引起的短语时,谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。
(就远原则)
Eg.Amy,aswellasherbrothers, ____________(give)awarmwelcomewhenreturningtothevillagelastweek.
(2)由or,either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...but(also)...等连接的并列主语,及therebe句型中,谓语动词的数常与最近的主语保持一致。
(就近原则)
Eg.eitheryouoryourbrother_______(be)anexcellentstudent
Eitheryourbrotheroryou_______(be)anexcellentstudent
技法2.特殊结构定一致
(1)由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数。
Eg:
thewriteranddoctor____(like)dancing
Thewriterandthedoctor_____(like)dancing
(2)不定式、动名词或名词性从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。
Eg:
drinkingmilk____(be)goodforyou
Togetgoodgrades_____(be)mygoal
(3)在定语从句中,关系代词that,who,which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。
Eg:
weknowthegirlwho_____(be)inred.
Weknowthegirlswho_____(be)inred.
(三)主谓一致
典题感悟
1.(2019全国Ⅰ)Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six____________(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.
2.Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers____________(give)tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.
3.thereviewsaysit____________(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming.
4.Sarahsays,“MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,school ____________(come)first.”
5.Fastfood____________(be)fulloffatandsalt;byeatingmorefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.
6.Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow____________(be)oftenacceptable.
7.Theteacheraswellasthestudents____________(make)greatpreparationsuptonow.
8.Hewillnotgiveupuntilhe____________(come)facetofacewiththecreature.
9.OverthelasttwogenerationsintheUKandUS,industrialization ____________(slow)downandmorepeoplehavebecomedissatisfiedwithlifeinurbanareas.
语法填空必考点四:
非谓语动词
非谓语动词的三种形式:
形式
用法(时态)
用法2
(一)非谓语动词典题感悟
1.(2019全国Ⅰ)Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive_________(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.
技巧:
2.(2019北京改编)Nervously_________(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhispertomyselfthetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.
3.(2019江苏改编)_________(enjoy)theconvenienceofdigitalpayment,manyseniorcitizensstartedtousesmartphones.
4.(2016全国Ⅲ)Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots, _________(use)twigs(树枝)toremoveit.
5.Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong_________(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof_________(die)earlybyrunning.
6.(2018全国Ⅱ)Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice _________(improve)waterquality.
7.(2017浙江)Pahlssonhadremovedthering_________(cook)ameal.
8.(2018全国Ⅱ)China’sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile _________(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,”saysthebank’sJuergenVoegele
技巧:
9.wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,_________(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.
技巧:
10.(2016,10浙江)Soonafter,Iwasonmywaytotheshow, _________(carry)afancyblackhandbagandahappysmile.
【变式训练】
Soonafter,Iwasonmywaytotheshowand_________(carry)afancyblackhandbagandahappysmile.
11.(2016全国Ⅲ)Skilledworkersalsocombinevarioushardwoodsandmetal _________(create)specialdesigns.
12.(2017全国Ⅲ)ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodelswants _________(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.Sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithhereducation.
13.Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,_________(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.
14.Iwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting,asIhadatrain _________(catch).
15._________(make)iteasiertogetintouchwithus,you’dbetterkeepthiscardathand.
16.(2019全国Ⅱ)Whenwegotacall_________(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.
17.(2019全国Ⅱ)Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans_________(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.
技法1.语法知识精准记忆
下列情况常用不定式作定语
①当空格前面是以下常见的名词时decision,wish,chance,plan,effort,ability,attempt等。
技法点拨2技法.语法知识海量积累
(1)巧记只能跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词:
MEGIDCARFEPS(谐音:
卖给的咖啡不是)
M—mind,miss;E—enjoy;G—giveup;
I—imagine,include;D—deny,delay;C—consider;A—advise,appreciate;R—risk,resist;F—finish;E—escape,excuse;P—practise;S—suggest
(2)巧记只跟动词不定式的动词:
R,WOLFHEADMAP!
(啊!
狼头图!
)
R—refuse;W—want,wish;O—offer;L—long(渴望);
H—happen;E—expect;A—ask;D—decide,determine;、
M—manage;A—afford;P—pretend
(3)巧记后跟不定式和动词-ing形式意义不同的“两栖类”单词:
FROGS+Mean+Try
①F—forget;R—regret,remember;OG—goon;S—stop。
后跟动词不定式表示“尚未做的事”或是“做另一件事”;跟动词-ing形式表示“做过的事”或是“同一件事”。
②meantodo“打算做”,meandoing“意味着”;
trytodo“试图做”,trydoing“尝试一下”。
(4)有些过去分词已经形容词化,相当于形容词,常用于系表结构。
belostin;beinterestedin;betiredof;besatisfiedwith;
beexcitedabout;befacedwith;bedressedin;beseated
典题感悟
1.(2019全国Ⅰ)Scientistshaverespondedby_________(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements.
2.(2019全国Ⅱ)A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for _________(be)Britain’soldestfull-timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.
3.(2019浙江)Butsomestudentsdidn’twant_________(wear)theuniform.
4.(2015全国Ⅱ)Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheirabilityto“aircondition”ahousewithout_________(use)electricequipment.
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