北师大版版高三英语一轮复习基础知识解读 Unit 1 Lifestyles教师用书.docx
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北师大版版高三英语一轮复习基础知识解读 Unit 1 Lifestyles教师用书.docx
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北师大版版高三英语一轮复习基础知识解读Unit1Lifestyles教师用书
Unit1 Lifestyles
(对应学生用书第5页)
[单词 拼写应用]
Ⅰ.考纲单词——会拼写、要识记
1.matter vi.要紧,有重大关系
2.supposevt.认为,猜想
3.switchvt.转换,转变
4.remoteadj.遥远的
5.standvt.忍耐,忍受
6.designn.&vt.设计
7.nearbyadj.附近的
adv.在附近
8.otherwiseadv.否则;另外
9.portableadj.轻便的,手提(式)的
10.documentn.公文,文件
11.presentationn.表演;展示
12.forecastn.预报;预测
13.questionnairen.问卷;调查表
Ⅱ.派生单词——能辨别
1.peacen.和平
→peacefuladj.平静的;和平的
→peacefullyadv.和平地;平静地
2.relaxvt.&vi.放松
→relaxedadj.松懈的,放松的
→relaxingadj.令人轻松的,放松的
3.stressn.压力
→stressfuladj.充满压力的,紧张的
4.urgevt.催促;极力主张
→urgentadj.急迫的,紧急的
→urgencyn.紧急;催促
5.boredadj.厌烦的,不感兴趣的
→boringadj.令人厌烦的;无聊的
6.suffervi.遭受(痛苦),感到疼痛
→sufferingn.痛苦,苦难
→sufferern.受苦者,受难者;患者
7.socialadj.社交的;社会的
→societyn.社会
→socialismn.社会主义
8.reducevt.减少;降低
→reductionn.减少
9.organn.器官;机构
→organisevt.组织
→organisern.组织者
→organisationn.组织
10.prefervt.更喜欢;宁愿
→preferencen.喜好;偏爱
11.volunteern.志愿者
vt.&vi.自愿去做
→voluntaryadj.自愿的;志愿的
12.graduatevi.毕业
→graduationn.毕业
13.challengen.挑战
vt.向……挑战
→challengingadj.有挑战性的
14.supportvt.&n.支持;支撑
→supportern.支持者;拥护者
15.advertisev.做广告
→advertisern.登广告的人;广告商
→advertisementn.广告
16.formaladj.正式的,合礼仪的
→informaladj.非正式的
17.distantadj.遥远的
→distancen.距离
Ⅲ.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.It'sanamazingaccomplishmentandonewecannotachievewithoutgeneroussupportfromindividuals,corporations,andothersocialorganizations(organize).(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)
2.ManyChinesebrands,havingdevelopedtheirreputationsovercenturies,arefacingnewchallenges(challenge)fromthemodernmarket.(2017·江苏高考)
3.Asatisfiedcustomeristhebestadvertisement(advertise)thatwehopetohave.
4.Thepresidentinvitedhimintohisprivatestudyforaninformal(formal)chat.
5.NotonlywillIearnmuchmoneybutIwillalsogainsomesocial(society)experiencethroughit.
6.SoonIfoundchildrengotbored(bore)withstayingindoors.
7.Generallyspeaking,wefeelrelaxedwhilelisteningtosomerelaxingmusic.(relax)
8.Thepeacefulpeoplehopedthatthedisputewastobesolvedpeacefullyandapeaceagreementcouldbesignedassoonaspossible.(peace)
9.Idon'twanttoworkunderstressandIameagerforajobthatisn'tstressful.(stress)
10.Nowadayswiththedevelopmentofsociety,manyvolunteersvolunteertodovoluntaryworkwithoutanypay.(volunteer)
[拓展联想]
“支持,拥护”家族
①advocatevt.提倡;拥护
②backvt.支持
③supportvt.支持;帮助
④standby/for支持
⑤infavourof支持,赞同
⑥votefor投票支持
“增加”“减少”对对碰
①增加:
rise,increase,accumulate,goup
②减少:
fall,decrease,decline,godown
“容忍,忍受”表达种种
①bear②tolerate
③stand④putupwith
[短语 多维应用]
Ⅰ.短语回顾——会默写
1.gooff (铃、爆竹等)响
2.takeup占据;开始从事;拿起
3.befilledwith充满着
4.sufferfrom忍受,遭受
5.atthemoment此刻,目前
6.overtheyears数年间
7.makesure弄清,查明
8.asaresult结果
9.getchanged换衣服,更衣
10.taketurnstodosth.轮流做某事
11.playarole/partin在……中起作用
12.comeupwith追上,赶上;想出,找到
13.lookforwardto盼望,期望
14.aswellas除……之外还;和
15.makeadifference有影响;起作用
Ⅱ.语境应用(用上述短语的适当形式填空)
1.Thoughthemovieis30yearsold,mostofthe250seatswerefilledwithtearyeyedaudiencewantingtosaygoodbyetotheoldbuilding.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)
2.InHoustonRockets,mysuperstarswhoperformextremelywellareZhouQiaswellasJamesHarden.
3.Whilemostpeoplewerestillasleep,thealarmwentoff.
4.Theeconomistsaretryingtocomeupwithasolutiontotheglobalfinancialcrisis.
5.OnSinglesDayof2017,thevalueofsalesthroughTaobaoreachedupto120.7billionyuan,ofwhichsalesoneducationtookupabout0.3%.
6.—Whydidn'tyoubuythecar?
—Ididn'thaveenoughmoneyatthemoment.
7.Mostoftheimportantcitiesoftheworldsufferfromtrafficjams.
8.Hedranktoomuchlastnight.Asaresult,heoversleptthismorning.
9.Smallchangesinyourdailylifewillplayapart/roleinleadingalowcarbonlife.
10.Itisoftenthelittledetailsthatmakeadifference.
[拓展联想]
“盼望,期待”短语集汇
①hopefor/todo 希望/期待(做)
②longfor/todo渴望/盼望(做)
③lookforwardto盼望,期望
④beeagerfor渴望,期待
⑤bedyingfor/todo渴望/盼望(做)
⑥desiretodo渴望做
[句式 结构仿写]
教材原句——会背诵
句式仿写——能应用
1.doyouthink用于特殊疑问句
Whatkindoflifestylesdoyouthinkthemeninthepictureshave?
1.你认为谁应该为这次事故负责?
Whodoyouthinkistoblamefortheaccident?
2.while表对比
IalwaystakemyportableTVandIsitonthestonewallwhilethedogwalksroundinacircle.
2.儿子在家吃美食而父母却在田里辛勤劳作.
Thesonwashavingagoodmealathomewhiletheparentswereworkinghardinthefields.
3.thefirst...+n.+todo
Iamalwaysthefirstpersontogettotheoffice.
3.众所周知,北京已成为第一个既举办过夏季奥运会,又将举办冬奥会的城市.
Asweallknow,BeijinghasbecomethefirstcitytohostboththesummerandthewinterOlympics.
4.find+宾语+宾语补足语
Ifindpaintingordrawingveryrelaxing.
4.有时你会发现生活单调、枯燥并且你渴望有些改变.
Sometimesyoumayfindlifeboringanddullandyouareeagertochangeabit.
5.so...that...引导结果状语从句
Usually,it'ssocrowdedthatIcan'tfindanywheretosit.
5.歌曲《小苹果》如此优美,以至于我百听不厌.
ThesongSmallApplessoundssosweetthatIwanttolistentoitagainandagain.
6.thesame...that...“和……一样”
Wedon'thavethesameworkhoursthatofficeworkersinthecityhave.
6.我们英语老师穿着昨天的那件衣服.
OurEnglishteacheriswearingthesameclothesthatheworeyesterday.
(对应学生用书第7页)
精讲7个考纲单词
mattervi.要紧,重要;有重大关系n.问题;毛病
[高考佳句] Ifsomeoneknocksandit'snotanimportantmatter,excuseyourselfandletthepersonknowyou'rebusy.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)如果有人敲门却又没有什么重要的事儿,找个借口并让这个人知道你很忙.
(1)Itdoesn'tmatter. 没关系.
Itmatters/doesn'tmatter(tosb.)+主语从句
(对某人来说)……有关系,重要/没关系,
不重要
(2)amatterof...(是)一个……的问题
tomakemattersworse=what'sworse
更糟糕的是
①Itdoesn'tmatterwhetheryouwillcomeornot.
你来不来关系不太大.
②Ofcourseweshouldreducetheeffectofpollution,whichisamatteroflifeanddeath.当然我们应该减少污染的影响,这可是生死攸关的事情.
③Ilostmywayincompletedarknessand,tomakematters(matter)worse,itbegantorain.
我在一片漆黑中迷路了,更糟的是,天又开始下雨.
链接写作
【导学号:
33220000】
更为糟糕的是,由于我的脚伤,我无法和你一起去书店了.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)
①Tomakemattersworse,becauseoftheseriousfootinjury,Ican'tgotothebookstoreasplannedwithyou.(matters)
②What'sworse/Evenworse/Worsestill,becauseoftheseriousfootinjury,Ican'tgotothebookstoreasplannedwithyou.(worse)
supposev.理解;认为,猜想;假想;设想
[经典例句] Gettingavisaisn'tassimpleasyoumightsuppose.办签证不像你想的那么容易.
(1)supposesb./sth.(tobe)...认为某人/某事……
besupposedtodo应该做
besupposedtohavedone本该做(而未做)
(2)suppose/supposing(that)...假使……;假定……
①Whattimeareyousupposedtobethere?
你应该几点到那儿?
②ThemeetingwassupposedtotakeplaceonTuesday,butwe'vehadtopostponeit.会议本应该在周二召开的,但我们不得不将它推迟了.
[名师点津] suppose/supposing(that)以及assuming(that),providing/provided(that),given(that)可以作连词,引导条件状语从句,意为“如果,假如”表示一种假设条件.
③Suppose/Supposing(that)yourcarshouldbreakdownontheroad,whatwouldyoudothen?
假如你的车子在路上抛锚了,那你怎么办?
链接写作
如果你能提前了解一下唐朝的历史,你就会更好地理解唐诗.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)
①(普通表达)IfyoucanlearnsomethingaboutthehistoryofTangDynastyinadvance,youwillunderstandtheTangPoemsbetter.
②(高级表达)Suppose/Supposing(that)youcanlearnsomethingaboutthehistoryofTangDynastyinadvance,youwillunderstandtheTangPoemsbetter.
switchvt.切换,转换vi.转换n.开关,电闸,转换
[教材原句] ThenIgetup,godownstairsandswitchontheTVinthelivingroom.
接着我起床,下楼,打开起居室的电视.
(1)switch
(2)makeaswitch进行改变
①Switchoffwhenyou'vefinishedusingtheelectrictypewriter.电动打字机用完后,要关掉开关.
②Theswitchtoafreemarketeconomywillnotbeeasy.向自由市场经济转变并不容易.
链接写作
【导学号:
33220001】
你离开的时候请把灯关了.
①Pleaseswitchoffthelightsas/whenyouleave.
②Pleaseturnoffthelightsas/whenyouleave.
suffervi.感到疼痛,遭受(痛苦)
[高考佳句] Thosewhorefusetotakethatriskselfishlymakeotherssuffer.(2017·北京高考)自私地拒绝冒险的那些人使其他人遭受痛苦.
(1)suffervt.遭受;蒙受,后常接pain,loss,defeat,
poverty,hunger等名词作宾语
suffervi.后常接from,表示“受……折磨;
受……之苦;患某种疾病”
(2)sufferingn.[U]痛苦;苦难[pl.]痛苦;苦恼
sufferern.患者,受害者
①Hislegwasbrokenandhesufferedgreatpain.
他的腿断了,遭受了巨大的痛苦.
②ThisacthurtthepeopleofallcountriesthatoncesufferedfromJapaneseaggressionandcolonialrule.
这种行为是对曾经遭受日本侵略和殖民统治的各国人民感情的伤害.
③Lawsofbanningdrinkdrivinghavereducedthepainandsuffering(suffer)causedbyroadaccidents.
禁止酒驾的法律已经减少了交通事故造成的痛苦.
standvt.忍耐,忍受;经得起,经受,承受
n.看台;货摊;立场
[一词多义] 写出下列句中stand的含义
①Ican'tstandpeoplecomplainingaroundmewhenI'mworking.忍受
②Modernplasticscanstandveryhighandverylowtemperatures.承受
③Hundredsofpeopleweresqueezedupagainsteachotherinonecornerofthestand.看台
④Hisstandtowardthematterhasnotchanged.立场
⑤Isthereanywaytoutilize(使用)thisoldbusasahotdogstand?
货摊
can'tstanddoing不能容忍做……
standfor代表;象征;支持;主张;容忍(用于否定句)
standby站在旁边;袖手旁观;支持
standout突出
standup站立;站起来
⑥Hestandsoutasthebestyoungsoccerplayerinthegame.他是比赛中最突出的年轻足球运动员.
[名师点津] stand作“容忍,忍受”讲时,后接动词ing形式作宾语,常用于否定句和疑问句中,无进行时态,也不用于被动语态.
prefervt.更喜欢,宁愿
[教材原句] Iprefermeetingpeopleinsmallgroups.我比较喜欢和少部分人会面.
(1)preferdoing/todosth.更喜欢做某事
prefersth.tosth.喜欢某物胜过某物
prefersb.todosth.宁愿某人做某事
(2)preferdoing...todoing...
=prefertodo...ratherthando...
=woulddo...ratherthando...
=wouldratherdo...thando...
相比于……更喜欢做……
(3)preferencen.喜爱,偏爱
haveapreferencefor...偏爱……
①Moststudentsprefertogetuplateinthemorning.
大多数学生更喜欢早晨晚起床.
②Nowadaysmanychildrenprefersurfing(surf)theInternetathometotakingexerciseoutdoors.
如今许多孩子宁可待在家里上网,也不愿意到户外进行锻炼.
③I'mquitesatisfied,andIprefertorent(rent)suchanapartmentratherthanbuyone.我非常满意,与其买房子我更愿意去租一套这样的房子.
[名师点津]
(1)prefer不用于进行时态.
(2)prefer相当于likebetter,所以prefer不可与比较级连用.
链接写作
【导学号:
33220002】
知道你喜欢中国文化,我邀请你参观中国剪纸艺术展.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)
①(普通表达)KnowingthatyouloveChineseculture,IinviteyoutoseetheChinesepapercuttingexhibition.(love)
②(高级表达
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