考研英语真题英语一真题完整版+答案.docx
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考研英语真题英语一真题完整版+答案.docx
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考研英语真题英语一真题完整版+答案
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET.(10points)
Thoughnotbiologicallyrelated,friendsareas“related”asfourthcousins,sharingabout1%ofgenes.Thatis_
(1)_astudy,publishedfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaandYaleUniversityintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,has__
(2)_.
Thestudyisagenome-wideanalysisconducted_(3)__1,932uniquesubjectswhich__(4)__pairsofunrelatedfriendsandunrelatedstrangers.Thesamepeoplewereusedinboth_(5)_.
While1%mayseem_(6)_,itisnotsotoageneticist.AsJamesFowler,professorofmedicalgeneticsatUCSanDiego,says,“Mostpeopledonoteven_(7)_theirfourthcousinsbutsomehowmanagetoselectasfriendsthepeoplewho_(8)_ourkin.”
Thestudy_(9)_foundthatthegenesforsmellweresomethingsharedinfriendsbutnotgenesforimmunity.Whythissimilarityexistsinsmellgenesisdifficulttoexplain,fornow,_(10)_,astheteamsuggests,itdrawsustosimilarenvironmentsbutthereismore_(11)_it.Therecouldbemanymechanismsworkingtogetherthat_(12)_usinchoosinggeneticallysimilarfriends_(13)_”functionalKinship”ofbeingfriendswith_(14)_!
Oneoftheremarkablefindingsofthestudywasthesimilargenesseemtobeevolution_(15)_thanothergenesStudyingthiscouldhelp_(16)_whyhumanevolutionpickedpaceinthelast30,000years,withsocialenvironmentbeingamajor_(17)_factor.
Thefindingsdonotsimplyexplainpeople’s_(18)_tobefriendthoseofsimilar_(19)_backgrounds,saytheresearchers.ThoughallthesubjectsweredrawnfromapopulationofEuropeanextraction,carewastakento_(20)_thatallsubjects,friendsandstrangers,weretakenfromthesamepopulation.
1.[A]when[B]why[C]how[D]what
2.[A]defended[B]concluded[C]withdrawn[D]advised
3.[A]for[B]with[C]on[D]by
4.[A]compared[B]sought[C]separated[D]connected
5.[A]tests[B]s[C]samples[D]examples
6.[A]insignificant[B]unexpected[C]unbelievable[D]incredible
7.[A]visit[B]miss[C]seek[D]know
8.[A]resemble[B]influence[C]favor[D]surpass
9.[A]again[B]also[C]instead[D]thus
10.[A]Meanwhile[B]Furthermore[C]Likewise[D]Perhaps
11.[A]about[B]to[C]from[D]like
12.[A]drive[B]observe[C]confuse[D]limit
13.[A]accordingto[B]ratherthan[C]regardlessof[D]alongwith
14.[A]chances[B]responses[C]missions[D]benefits
15.[A]later[B]slower[C]faster[D]earlier
16.[A]forecast[B]remember[C]understand[D]express
17.[A]unpredictable[B]contributory[C]controllable[D]disruptive
18.[A]endeavor[B]decision[C]arrangement[D]tendency
19.[A]political[B]religious[C]ethnic[D]economic
20.[A]see[B]show[C]prove[D]tell
SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.(40points)
Text1
KingJuanCarlosofSpainonceinsisted“kingsdon’tabdicate,theydareintheirsleep.”ButembarrassingscandalsandthepopularityoftherepublicanleftintherecentEuro-electionshaveforcedhimtoeathiswordsandstanddown.So,doestheSpanishcrisissuggestthatmonarchyisseeingitslastdays?
DoesthatmeanthewritingisonthewallforallEuropeanroyals,withtheirmagnificentuniformsandmajesticlifestyle?
TheSpanishcaseprovidesargumentsbothforandagainstmonarchy.Whenpublicopinionisparticularlypolarised,asitwasfollowingtheendoftheFrancoregime,monarchscanriseabove“mere”politicsand“embody”aspiritofnationalunity.
Itisthisapparenttranscendenceofpoliticsthatexplainsmonarchs’continuingpopularitypolarized.Andalso,theMiddleEastexcepted,Europeisthemostmonarch-infestedregionintheworld,with10kingdoms(notcountingVaticanCityandAndorra).ButunliketheirabsolutistcounterpartsintheGulfandAsia,mostroyalfamilieshavesurvivedbecausetheyallowvoterstoavoidthedifficultsearchforanon-controversialbutrespectedpublicfigure.
Evenso,kingsandqueensundoubtedlyhaveadownside.Symbolicofnationalunityastheyclaimtobe,theirveryhistory—andsometimesthewaytheybehavetoday–embodiesoutdatedandindefensibleprivilegesandinequalities.AtatimewhenThomasPikettyandothereconomistsarewarningofrisinginequalityandtheincreasingpowerofinheritedwealth,itisbizarrethatwealthyaristocraticfamiliesshouldstillbethesymbolicheartofmoderndemocraticstates.
Themostsuccessfulmonarchiesstrivetoabandonorhidetheiroldaristocraticways.Princesandprincesseshaveday-jobsandridebicycles,nothorses(orhelicopters).Evenso,thesearewealthyfamilieswhopartywiththeinternational1%,andmediaintrusi
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