中药双语6.docx
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中药双语6.docx
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中药双语6
6.QiRegulationsChineseMedicinalHerbs
Anymedicinalherbthatactstoregulateqi-activity,disperseqistagnationandfacilitateqifloworthattakestreatmentofsyndromeduetoabnormalrisingofqiasitsessentialactionfallsunderthiscategory.
Mostofthesemedicinalherbsarefragrantandwarminnature,pungentandbitterinflavor.Theyallhave,todifferentdegrees,theabilitytoregulateqi,strengthenthespleen,promoteqicirculation,stoppain,facilitateqiflow,reverserebelliousqiactivities,soothetheliver,
dispersethedepressedqiorcrackqistagnationanddispersemass,etc..Theyareindicatedforobstructionofpulmonaryqi,failureofdispersionoftheliverandtheim-balanceoffunctionbetweenthespleenandstomach.Qistagnantsyndromeismainlymanifestedasoppression,fullnessandpalmsyndromeofabnormalrisingofqiisusuallymanifestedasnausea,hiccupordyspnea.
Sousingthesekindsofmedicinalherbs,onemustuseotherherbsflexiblyandchooseadaptivecombinationofherbsaccordingtoconditions,suchascombinationoftheherbsforclearingawayheatandresolvingphlegm,clearingawayheattopromotediuresis,wanningthemiddleenergizertodrydampness,promotingdigestionandrelievingdyspepsia,benefitingqiandinvigoratingthespleen.
Mostofthemarepungent,warmandfragrant,andmayeasilydamageqiandyin,soonemustusethemwithcautionincasesofqiandyindeficiency.
第六章理气药
凡能疏理气机,以治疗气滞或气逆证为主的药物,称为理气药。
理气药大多气香性温,其味辛、苦,具有调气健脾、行气止痛、顺气降逆、疏肝解郁或破气散结等功效。
适用于肺失宣降,肝失疏泄,脾胃升降失司。
气滞者主要表现为闷、胀、痛;气逆者常表现为恶心、呃逆或喘息。
使用本类药物时,必须针对症候,选择相应的药物,并随证配伍其他有关药物。
如配清热化痰、清热利湿、温中燥湿、消食导滞、益气健脾药。
本类药物辛温香燥者居多,易耗气伤阴,故气虚及阴虚者慎用。
JupiPericarpiumCitriTangerinae
ThesourceisfromthepericarpofCitrusreticulateBlanco,familyRutaceae.ThemedicinalmaterialismainlyproducedintheareasofGuangdong,Fujian,Sichuan,andJiangsu,etc.,collectedinautumnwhenthefruitisripe.Thedriedandstir-bakedoneisformedication.
MedicinalPropertiesPungentandbitterinflavor,warminnatureandattributivetothespleenandlungmeridians.
ActionsRegulateqiandharmonizethespleenandstomach,eliminatedampnessandresolvephlegm.
Application
1.Itisusedforstagnationofspleen-qiandstomach-qi,especiallysuitableforstagnationofspleen-qiandstomach-qiduetoaccumulationofcoldanddampnessinthemiddleenergizermanifestedasdistentionandfullnessofepigastricabdomen,belching,nausea,andvomiting,
etc..ItisusuallyusedincombinationwithCangzhu(RhizomaAtractylodis)andHoupo(CortexMagnoliaeOfficinalis),suchasPingweiSan(Powder);forvomiringduetophlegm-heat,combinedwithZhuru(CaulisBambusaeinTaeniam),Huanglian(RhizomaCoptidis),etc.;fordeficiencyofspleen-qiandstomach-qiwithabdominalpainthatisreducedbypressure,fullnessafter
meal,lossofappetite,usuallycombinedwithDangshen(RadixCodonopsis),Baizhu(RhizomaAtractylodisMacrocephalae),andZhigancao(RadixGlycyrrhizae,honeyfried),etc.,suchasYigongSan(Powder).
2.Itisusedtotreatcoughwithprofusesputumcausedbydampness-phlegmandcold-phlegm.Inthetreatmentofcoughanddyspneaduetodampness-phlegm,itisusuallycombinedwithBanxia(RhizomaPinelliae)andFuling(Poria)todeprivedampnessandresolvephlegm,suchasErchenTang(Decoction);forcoughduetocold-phlegm,usuallycombinedwithGanjiang(RhizomaZingiberis),Ydxin(FlosMagnoliae)andWuweizi(FructusSchisandrae).
UsageandDosage3-10gisusedindecoctionfororaluse.
NotesItisusedwithcautionincaseswithbrushedtonguewithlittlefluidduetoexhaustionofyinandwithsthenicheatintheinterior.
橘皮
为芸香科橘及其栽培品种的成熟果皮。
主产于广东、福建、四川、江苏等省。
秋季果实成熟时收集,干燥。
炒用。
【药性】味辛、苦,性温。
归脾、肺经。
【功效】理气,调中,燥湿,化痰。
【临床应用】
1.用于脾胃气滞证。
寒湿阻中的脾胃气滞、脘腹胀满、嗳气、恶心呕吐等证尤宜。
常与苍术、厚朴配伍,如平胃散;如呕吐因痰热所致者,可配竹茹、黄连等;脾胃气虚、腹痛喜按、食后饱胀、不思饮食者,常与党参、白术、炙甘草等配伍,如异功散。
2.用于湿痰、寒痰之咳嗽痰多。
治湿痰咳喘,常配半夏、茯苓以燥湿化痰,如二陈汤;若治寒痰咳嗽,多与干姜、细辛、五味子同用。
【用法用量】水煎服,3~10克。
【使用注意】阴伤舌红少津及内有实热者慎用。
OingpiPericarpiumCitriReticulataeViride
ThesourceisfromtheimmaturefruitoritspericarpofCitrusreticutaBlanco,familyRutaceae.ThefruitoritspericarpiscollectedduringtheperiodofMayandJune,driedinthesun.Thecrudeortheonestir-bakedwithvinegarcanbeused.
MedicinalPropertiesBitterandpungentinflavor,warminnatureandattributivetotheliver,gallbladderandstomachmeridians.
ActionsSoothethelivertobreakqistagnation,
eliminatemassandrelievedyspepsia.
Application
1.Itisindicatedforliver-qistagnationmanifestedashypochondriacdistendingpain,breastdistendingpain,andpainduetohernia.Fortreatmentofhypochondriacpain,itisusuallyusedincombinationwithChaihu(RadixBupleuri),Yujin(RadixCnurcumae),etc.;forswellingandpainduetobreastabscess,usuallycombinedwithGualou(FructusTrichosanthis),Jinyinhua(FlosLonicerae),Pugongying(HerbaTaraxaci),andGancao(RadixGlycyrrhizae),etc.;forherniaofcoldtypewithabdominalpain,combinedwithWuyao(RadixLinderae),Xiaohuixiang(FructusFoeniculi),andMuxiang(RadixAucklandiae),etc.,toexpelcold,regulateqi
andrelievepain,suchasTiantaiWuyaoSan(Powder).
2.Fordistentionandpainoftheepigastriumduetoindigestion,itisusuallycombinedwithShanzha(FructusCrataegi),Maiya(FructusHordeiGerminatus),andShenqu(MassaMedicataFermentata),etc.,suchasQingpiWan(Pill).
Inaddition,forabdominalmassduetoqistagnationandbloodstasis,andmalarialnodule,itiscombinedwithSanleng(RhizomaSparganii),Ezhu(RhizomaZedoariae),andYujin(RadixCurcumae),etc..
UsageandDosage3-10gisusedindecoctionfororaluse.
NotesUsedwithcautioninthepatientwithqideficiencysinceithasviolentactiontodamageqi.
青皮
为芸香科橘及其同属植物的幼果或未成熟果实的果皮。
5~6月间采集,晒干。
生用或醋炒用。
【药性】味苦、辛,性温。
归肝、胆、胃经。
【功效】疏肝破气,散结消滞。
【临床应用】
1.用于肝气郁滞所致的胁肋胀痛、乳房胀痛及疝气疼痛。
治胁痛,常配柴胡、郁金等品;治乳痈肿痛,常配瓜蒌、金银花、蒲公英、甘草等同用;寒疝腹痛,则配乌药、小茴香、木香等以散寒理气止痛,如天台乌药散。
2.用于食积胃脘痞闷胀痛,常与山楂、麦芽、神曲等配伍,如青皮丸。
此外,对气滞血瘀所致的瘕瘕积聚,以及疟母等证,可与三棱、莪术、郁金等同用。
【用法用量】水煎服,3~10克。
【使用注意】性较峻烈,易耗气、破气,气虚者慎用。
XiangfuRhizomaCyperi
ThesourceisfromtherhizomeofCyperusrotundusL.,familyCyperaceae.ThemedicinalmaterialismainlyproducedintheareasofGuangdong,Henan,andSichuan,etc.,collectedduringtheperiodofDecemberandOctober,driedinthesun,thehairbeingremovedbyburning.Thecrudeortheonestir-bakedwithvinegarcanbeused.
MedicinalPropertiesPungent,slightlybitterandsweetinflavor,mildinnatureandattributivetotheliverandtripleenergizermeridians.
ActionsSoothethelivertoregulateqiandregulatemenstruationtorelievepain.
Application
1.Itisusedforthesyndromesofstagnationofliver-qiwithpaininthehypochondrium,distentionandpaininepigastricabdomenandpainduetohernia,etc..Forpaininthehypochondrium,itcanbecombinedwithChaihu(RadixBupleuri),Baishaoyao(RadixPaeoniaeAlba),Zhike(FructusAurantii),etc.,suchasChaihuShuganSan(Powder);forliver-qiinvadingthestomachandaccumulationofcoldandqistaguationwithcoldandpaininepigastrium,combinedwithGaoliangjiang(RhizomaAlpiniaeOfflcinarum)likeLiangFuWan(Pill);forherniaofcoldtypewithabdominalpain,combinedwithXiaohuixiang(FructusFoeniculi),Wuyao(RadixLinderae),etc..
2.Forirregularmenstruation,dysmenorrheaanddistensionandpainofthebreast,especiallythosecausedbystagnationofliver-qi,itisusuallycombinedwithDanggui(RadixAngelicaeSinensis),Chuanxiong(RhizarnaChuanxiong),Baishaoyao(RadixPaeoniaeAlba),andChaihu(RadixBupleuri),etc.,tosoothethelivertoremovestagnationandregulateqiandblood.
UsageandDosage5-10gisusedindecoctionfororaluse.
香附
为莎草科植物莎草的根茎。
主产于广东、河南、四川等地。
9~10月采收,挖取根茎,晒干,烧去须根。
生用或醋炒用。
【药性】味辛、微苦、微甘,性平。
归肝、三焦经。
【功效】疏肝理气,调经止痛。
【临床应用】
1.用于肝气郁滞所致的胁肋作痛、脘腹胀痛及疝痛等证。
治胁痛,可与柴胡、白芍
药、枳壳等配伍,如柴胡疏肝散;肝气犯胃、寒凝气滞之胃脘冷痛,可配高良姜,即良附丸;治寒疝腹痛,则与小茴香、乌药等同用。
2.用于月经不调,痛经及乳房胀痛。
尤宜用于因肝气郁结所致者,常配当归、川芎、白芍药、柴胡等以疏肝行滞,调和气血。
【用法用量】水煎服,5~10克。
MuxiangRadixAucklandiae
ThesourceisfromtherootofAucktandialappaDecne.,familyCompositae.ThemedicinalmaterialismainlyproducedintheareasofYunnanandSichuan,dugandcollectedinautumnandwinter,washedcleanly,driedinthesun.Thecrudeorroastedisused.
MedicinalPropertiesPungentandbitterinflavor,warminnatureandattributivetothespleen,stomach,largeintestineandgallbladdermeridians.
ActionsPromotecirculationofqiandalleviatepain.
Application
1.Itisusedforstomachandspleenqi-stagnationsyndromeandmeanwhileisanessentialmedicinetoactivateqicirculationandalleviatepain.Forepigastricfullnessandpainduetostagnationofqi,itisusedincombinationwithJupi(PericarpiumCirriTangerinae),Sharen(FructusAmomi),andTanxiang(LignumSantaliAlbi),etc.;forthestagnationofspleen-qiduetospleen-deficiencywithmassandoppressioninthechestandepigastricabdomen,lossofappetite,diarrhea,itisusedtogetherwithDangshen(RadixCodonopsis),Baizhu(RhizomaAtractylodisMacrocephalae),andJupi(PericarpiumCirriTangerinae),etc.,suchasXiang
ShaLiujunziTang(Decoction).
2.Fordysenteryduetodampnessandheatwithtenesmus,usuallycombinedwithHuanglian(Rhizoma
Coptidis),suchasXiangLianWan(Pill);forfullnessandpainintheepigastriumduetoindigestionwithconstipationordifficultyindiarrhea,usedtogetherwithBinglang(SemenArecae),Qingpi(PericarpiumCitriReticulataeViride),andDahuang(RadixetRhizomaRhei),etc.,suchasMuxiangBinglangWan(Pill).
3.Forsteamingfeverduetodampnessandheat,andfailureoft
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