新标准大学英语第二册U2 Mixed Feelings讲稿.docx

新标准大学英语第二册U2 Mixed Feelings讲稿.docx

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新标准大学英语第二册U2MixedFeelings讲稿

Unit2Mixedfeelings

ActiveReading1Howempathyunfolds

I.Warming-upexercises

1.Lookatthefollowingpicturesanddescribetheemotionshownineachpicture.

2.Discussthequestion:

Doyousometimestrytohideyouremotions?

Whyorwhynot?

3.Skimthetext,andfindoutthedefinitionofempathyandsympathyinthepassage.

Empathyoriginatesfromasortofphysicalimitationofthedistressofanother,whichthenevokesthesamefeelingsinoneself.（Para.3）

Sympathyisfeltforthegeneralplightofanotherwithnosharingofwhatthatotherpersonisfeeling.

4.NowdecidewhetherthefeelingsoractionsdescribedbelowarearesultofSympathy（S）orEmpathy（E）.

sendingacardtosomeonewhoisinhospital

feelinghappybecauseyourfriendhaswonascholarshiptoaprestigiousuniversity

tryingtocomfortsomeonewhohashadbadnews

reactingphysicallywhenyouseethatsomeoneisinpain

collectingmoneytohelpthevictimsofanaturaldisaster

cryingattheendofafilm

Summary:

Sympathy=Icanunderstandyourpain.Empathy=Ifeelyourpain.

II.TextOrganization

Cf.ppt.

III.Comprehendingthetext

1.WhatdidHopedowhenshesawanotherbabyfall?

Tearswelledupinherowneyesandshecrawledofftobecomfortedbyhermother.

2.WhydidMichaelgivehisteddybeartoPaul?

HedidittocomfortPaul.

3.Whoobservedandrecordedtheseactions?

Thebabies’mothersobservedandrecordedtheseactions.

4.Whendopsychologistsbelievethathumansbegintoexperienceempathy?

Theybelievethathumansbegintoexperienceempathyvirtuallyfromthedaytheyareborn.

5.Whichexampleshowsthatbabiessometimesdon’trealizetheyaren’ttheoneswhoaresuffering?

Theexampleofbabieswhoimitatethedistressofsomeoneelse.

6.WhenwasthewordempathyfirstusedinEnglishtodescribesuchreactions?

ThewordempathywasfirstusedinEnglishinthe1920sbyE.B.Titchener.

7.Whywasthewordsympathynotappropriate?

Itisnotappropriatebecausesympathyisfeltforthegeneralplightofanotherwithnosharingofwhatthatotherpersonisfeeling;empathymeansactuallysharingorimagininganotherperson’sfeelings.

8.Atwhatagedochildrenstarttodistinguishotherpeople’sfeelingsfromtheirown?

Aroundtwoandahalf,childrenstarttodistinguishotherpeople’sfeelingsfromtheirown.

9.Howcanparentsincreasefeelingsofempathyintheirchildren?

Theycanincreasefeelingsofempathyinchildrenbycallingstrongattentiontothedistresstheirmisbehaviorcausedsomeoneelse.

ⅣWords&Expressions

empathyn.[U]theabilitytounderstandhowsomeonefeelsbecauseyoucanimaginewhatitisliketobethem同感；同情；移情

Øempathywith/forsb./sth.

empathybetweenAandB

e.g.Thereisastrangeempathybetweentheoldladyandhergrandson.

老妇人和她孙子间有种莫名其妙的心灵相通的感觉。

empathica.（alsoempathetic）abletounderstandhowsomeonefeelsbecauseyoucanimaginewhatitisliketobethem移情的；有同感的；产生共鸣的

e.g.Hewasveryempathicaboutwhatthepeopleweresufferingthere.

他非常同情那里的人们所受的苦。

wellup

1）（ofaliquid）riseuptothesurfaceandspillorbeabouttospill（液体）流出，涌出

e.g.Ifelttearswellupinmyeyes.我感到泪水夺眶而出。

2）（ofanemotion）ariseandbecomemoreintense（情绪）变得强烈

e.g.Angerwelledupwithinhim.他怒火中烧。

crawlvi.

1）movealongonyourhandsandkneeswithyourbodyclosetotheground爬，爬行；匍匐行进

e.g.Ababycrawls（around）beforeitcanwalk.

婴儿先会（到处）爬,然后才会走。

2）（oftraffic,vehicles,etc.）moveveryslowly（指来往行人﹑车辆等）缓慢地行进,徐缓而行

e.g.Thetrafficcrawledoverthebridgeintherush-hour.

在高峰时刻桥上的车辆行驶缓慢。

retrievevt.（fml）findsomethingandbringitback（正式）重新找回；收回，取回

e.g.Shebentdowntoretrieveherearring.她俯下身去捡回她的耳环。

Øretrievesth.from

e.g.Thewreckageofthecrashedplanewasretrievedfromtheocean.

失事飞机的残骸已经从海里打捞出来

tracevt.

1）discovertheoriginofsomethingorhowitdeveloped追究；追溯（来源）

e.g.Thestyleofthesepaintingscanbetracedbacktoearlymedievalinfluences.

这些绘画的风格可以追溯到中世纪早期的影响。

2）findsomeoneorsomethingthatyouarelookingforbyaskingquestionsandgettinginformation追查；追踪　

e.g.Shehadgivenupallhopeoftracinghermissingdaughter.

她已经放弃了寻找失踪女儿的所有希望。

infantn.[C]（fml）ababyorveryyoungchild婴儿，幼儿

e.g.anurseryforinfantsundertwo两岁以下婴儿的托儿所

Wordfamily:

infancyn.theperiodofachild’slifebeforetheycanwalkortalk婴儿期，幼儿期

e.g.Inthepast,manychildrendiedininfancy.过去很多孩子夭折于襁褓。

virtuallyad.almost差不多，实质上,实际上

e.g.Virtuallyallthechildrencometoschoolbybus.

差不多所有的孩子都是乘巴士来上学的。

Synonym:

practically

precursorn.[C]（fml）sth.thathappenedbeforesth.elseandinfluenceditsdevelopment[正式]先兆，前兆

Øprecursorof/to

e.g.1.Overweightandshortnessofbreathweretheprecursorsofaheartattack.

身体超重和呼吸急促都是心脏病发作的前兆。

2.Werethesesmallmovementstheprecursortomajorearthquake?

这些小的活动是否是一次大地震的先兆呢？

sympathetica.

1）caringandfeelingsorryaboutsomeone’sproblems同情的；有同情心的；表示同情的

e.g.Wehopealwaystoprovideafriendlysympatheticear.

2）willingtogiveapprovalandsupporttoanaimorplan（对某目的或计划）赞成的，支持的

e.g.Weaskedforhersupportintheelection,butshewasn'tsympathetic（toourrequest）.

我们请求她在选举中给予支持,但她（对我们的请求）无动于衷。

distressn.[U]afeelingofextremeunhappiness苦恼，悲伤，忧虑　

Fillinthegapwiththeappropriatewordfromthebox.Changetheformifnecessary.

Hefearedtotouchon_______________memories.

It_____________himtothinkthathehasnohopeofchangingthings.

HearrivedonDick’sdoorstepinobvious__________.

Hey,what'sup?

Whatareyoulookingso__________for?

disturbancen.[C,U]造成干扰的事物；干扰　

disturbanceto

e.g.Whenahelicopterlands,itcancauseadisturbancetolocalresidents.

直升机降落时会打扰当地居民。

Wordfamily:

disturbv.

miseryn.[U,C]greatsufferingthatiscausedforexamplebybeingverypoororverysick苦恼，痛苦；苦难

e.g.Whatwearewitnessinghereishumanmiseryonavastscale.

Translatethefollowingsentences:

1.Competitivemotherscanmaketheirdaughters'livesamisery.

2.Goon,putthemoutoftheirmiseryandannouncethewinner.

imitatevt.copythewaysomeonebehaves,speaks,movesetc.,especiallyinordertomakepeoplelaugh模仿（某人的动作、言语或行为）

e.g.ShewasasplendidmimicandlovedtoimitateWinstonChurchill.

她是个出色的模仿者，喜欢模仿温斯顿·丘吉尔。

Wordfamily:

imitationn.

Synonym:

mimic

comprehendv.[notinprogressive不用进行式]understandsomethingthatiscomplicatedordifficult理解，领会

e.g.1.Shecannotcomprehendtheextentofthedisaster.

她无法理解这场灾难的程度。

2.Hecouldn'tcomprehendherreasonsformarryingtheoldman.

他不明白她为什么要嫁给那个老头。

Wordfamily:

comprehensionn.comprehensivea.

mimicryn.[U]theactionorskillofbeingabletocopythevoice,movements,etc.ofothers模仿;模仿能力

e.g.Parrotsspecializeinvocalmimicry.鹦鹉擅长对语言的模仿。

Wordfamily:

mimicv.

evokevt.produceastrongfeelingormemoryinsomeone使人想起；唤起（感情、想法或记忆）

e.g.1.ThephotographsevokedstrongmemoriesofourholidaysinFrance.

那些照片勾起了我们对在法国度假的深刻回忆。

2.Hisappearanceisboundtoevokesympathy.他的外表会引起人们的同情。

distincta.clearlydifferent有区别的；不同的

e.g.1.twoentirelydistinctlanguages

2.Astronomy,asdistinctfromastrology,isanexactscience.

天文学是一门严谨的科学,与占星术完全不同。

plightn.[C]averybadsituationthatsomeoneisin困境，苦境

e.g.1.thecountry'seconomicplight该国的经济困境

2.Wemustdirectoureffortstowardsrelievingtheplightofchildrenlivinginpoverty.

我们必须致力于减轻生活在贫困中的儿童的苦难。

repertoiren.[C]thetotalnumberofthingsthatsomeoneorsomethingisabletodo全部技能（或才能）

e.g.1.thebehavioralrepertoireofinfants

婴幼儿的行为能力

2.Anactorhastobuildacharacterandextendhisownemotionalrepertoire.

演员必须会塑造人物并拓展自己的情感表达技巧。

strokevt.gentlymoveyourhandoverskin,hair,orfur（用手）轻抚,抚摸

e.g.1.Thegirlstrokedthecat.女孩抚摸着小猫。

2.Heputhishandonherhairandstrokedit.他把手放在她头发上轻轻地抚摩。

patvt.touchsomeonegentlyseveraltimeswithaflathandtoshowthatyoucareaboutthemorwanttomakethemfeelbetter平拍，轻拍（以示关心或抚慰）

e.g.Hepattedthedogaffectionately.他亲热地拍着狗。

divergevi.differ,asinopinionormanner相异，出现分歧

e.g.I’mafraidouropinionsdivergefromeachotheronthedirectionofinvestment.

恐怕我们在投资方向上的见解不同。

disciplinevt.teachsomeonetoobeyrulesandcontroltheirbehaviour训练；训导

e.g.1.Differentcultureshavedifferentwaysofdiscipliningtheirchildren.

不同的文化有不同的管教儿童的方法。

2.Shemusthavebeenwelldisciplinedforherorderliness.

她有条不紊，一定受过良好的训练。

misbehaviorn.[U]（AmE）badbehaviourthatisnotacceptabletootherpeople不正当的举止；粗鲁行为

e.g.Eventhemostminorformsofmisbehaviourwerepunished.

即使是最轻微的不良行为也受到了惩罚。

Synonym:

misconduct

apartfrom

1）exceptfor除……以外

e.g.Wedidn’tseeanyoneallday,apartfromacoupleofkidsonthebeach.

除了海滩上的几个小孩，我们一整天都没见到什么人。

2）besides除……以外（还）

e.g.Apartfromcaringforherchildren,shehastotakeonsuchheavytime-consuminghouseworkascarryingwaterandfirewood.（CET-4-2003-1）

除了照顾孩子们之外，她还要干很多费时费力的工作，例如挑水和背柴。

stemfrom:

developasaresultofsomethingelse源于；是……缘故

e.g.1.Hisheadachesstemmedfromvisionproblems.

他的头痛是由视力问题引起的。

2.discontentstemmingfromlowpayandpoorworkingconditions

因工资低﹑工作条件差而产生的不满情绪

pullaway

1）moveyourbodyorpartofyourbodyawayfromsomeoneorsomething闪避；躲开

e.g.Shepulledawayfromhim.她挣脱了他。

2）starttodriveawayfromaplacewhereyouhadstopped（车辆或司机）开走

e.g.Hewavedashepulledaway.

他开车走的时候挥了挥手。

Øpullsth.away/free

e.g.Shetriedtopullherhandfree,butitwasheldfast.

她想抽出手来，但是被牢牢地抓住了。

calmdown:

becomequietandrelaxedafteryouhavebeenangry,excited,nervous,orupset（使）平静下来；（使）镇定下来

e.g.1.Calmdownandtellmewhathappened.