旧prep1解释题目.docx
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旧prep1解释题目.docx
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旧prep1解释题目
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Apopularbeachhaslonghadadolphinfeedingprograminwhichfisharegiventodolphinsseveraltimesaday;manydolphinsgetasmuchashalfoftheirfoodeachdaythere.Althoughdolphinsthatfirstbenefitfromtheprogramasadultsarehealthyandlong-lived,theiroffspringhavealowerlifeexpectancythanoffspringofdolphinsthatfeedexclusivelyinthewild.
Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mosthelpstoexplainthelowerlifeexpectancyofoffspringofdolphinsfeedingatthebeachcomparedtootheryoungdolphins?
(A)Sharksthatpreyondolphinsarelesscommonintheopenseasoffthebeachthaninmanyotherareasoftheopenseaswheredolphinscongregate.
(B)Manyoftheadultdolphinsthatfeedatthebeacharefemalesthatnursetheiroffspringthere.
(C)Thefishgiventothedolphinsatthebeacharethesametypesoffishthatdolphinstypicallycatchinthewild.
(D)Manydolphinsthatfeedatthebeachwiththeiroffspringcometothebeachonlyafewtimesamonth.
(E)Adultdolphinsthatfeedatthebeachspendmuchlesstimeteachingtheiroffspringhowtocatchfishinthewildthandootheradultdolphins.
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FindingofasurveyofSystemsmagazinesubscribers:
Thirtypercentofallmerchandiseordersplacedbysubscribersinresponsetoadvertisementsinthemagazinelastyearwereplacedbysubscribersunderagethirty-five.
FindingofasurveyofadvertisersinSystemsmagazine:
MostofthemerchandiseordersplacedinresponsetoadvertisementsinSystemslastyearwereplacedbypeopleunderagethirty-five.
Forbothofthefindingstobeaccurate,whichofthefollowingmustbetrue?
(A)MoresubscriberstoSystemswhohaveneverorderedmerchandiseinresponsetoadvertisementsinthemagazineareagethirty-fiveoroverthanareunderagethirty-five.
(B)AmongsubscriberstoSystems,theproportionwhoareunderagethirty-fivewasconsiderablylowerlastyearthanitisnow.
(C)MostmerchandiseordersplacedinresponsetoadvertisementsinSystemslastyearwereplacedbySystemssubscribersoveragethirty-five.
(D)Lastyear,theaveragedollaramountofmerchandiseordersplacedwaslessforsubscribersunderagethirty-fivethanforthoseagethirty-fiveorover.
(E)LastyearmanypeoplewhoplacedordersformerchandiseinresponsetoadvertisementsinSystemswerenotsubscriberstothemagazine.
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Manysmallroadsdonothavepaintedmarkingsalongtheiredges.Clearedgemarkingswouldmakeiteasierfordriverstoseeupcomingcurvesandtojudgethecar'spositionontheroad,particularlywhenvisibilityispoor,andwouldthereforeseemtobeausefulcontributiontoroadsafety.However,afterGreatwaterCountypaintededgemarkingsonallitsnarrow,windingroads,theannualaccidentratealongthoseroadsactuallyincreasedslightly.
Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mosthelpstoexplaintheincreaseinaccidentrate?
(A)GreatwaterCountyhasanunusuallyhighproportionofnarrow,windingroads.
(B)Inbadweatheritcanbenearlyasdifficultfordriverstoseetheroadasitisatnight.
(C)Priortothepaintingoftheedgemarkings,GreatwaterCounty'snarrow,windingroadsalreadyhadasomewhathigheraccidentratethanotherGreatwaterCountyroads.
(D)Manyoftheaccidentsonnarrow,windingroadsinvolveasinglevehicleveeringofftheroad,ratherthanthecollisionoftwovehicles.
(E)Afterthemarkingswerepaintedontheroads,manydriverswhohadgoneoutoftheirwaytoavoiddrivingonthoseroadsatnightnolongerdidso.
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From1978to1988,beveragecontainersaccountedforasteadilydecreasingpercentageofthetotalweightofhouseholdgarbageintheUnitedStates.Theincreasinglywidespreadpracticeofrecyclingaluminumandglasswasresponsibleformostofthisdecline.However,althoughaluminumrecyclingwasmorewidelypracticedinthisperiodthanglassrecycling,itwasfoundthattheweightofglassbottlesinhouseholdgarbagedeclinedbyagreaterpercentagethantheweightofaluminumcans.
Whichofthefollowing,iftrueoftheUnitedStatesintheperiod1978to1988,mosthelpstoaccountforthefinding?
(A)Glassbottlesaresignificantlyheavierthanaluminumcansofcomparablesize.
(B)Recycledaluminumcanswerealmostallbeveragecontainers,butasignificantfractionoftherecycledglassbottleshadcontainedproductsotherthanbeverages.
(C)Manufacturersreplacedmanyglassbottles,butfewaluminumcans,withplasticcontainers.
(D)Thetotalweightofglassbottlespurchasedbyhouseholdsincreasedataslightlyfasterratethanthetotalweightofaluminumcans.
(E)Inmanyareas,glassbottleshadtobesortedbycoloroftheglassbeforebeingrecycled,whereasaluminumcansrequirednosorting.
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ThepopulationofMegacity,asprawlingmetropolisinRemsland,hasgrownatafairlysteadyrateforoveracentury.Ahundredyearsago,poorsanitationinthecitycausedhighmortalityratesamongthecity'sinhabitants,andwhatfueledthepopulationincreasewasimmigrationfromruralvillages.Thisimmigrationhascontinuedandevenincreased.Moreover,inrecentdecades,citysanitationhasimprovedenormously.Yetthecity'spopulationgrowthhasnotsignificantlyaccelerated.
Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mosthelpstoexplainwhythecity'spopulationgrowthratehasnotchanged?
(A)MortalityratesthatwereassociatedwithpoorsanitationinMegacityahundredyearsagowereordersofmagnitudehigherthanaremortalityratesassociatedwithvehiculartraffic,whichiscurrentlyamajorcauseofdeathinthecity.
(B)Forseveraldecades,Megacity,asdistinctfromthecountryside,hashadasteadilydecliningbirthrate.
(C)CitiessmallerthanMegacityhavealsoexperiencedsustainedpopulationgrowth.
(D)ThegreatmajorityofimmigrantstoRemslandsettleinMegacity,atleastinitially.
(E)Megacityhaslongofferedbetteremploymentprospectsthanmostruralareas.
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Forseveralyears,percapitaexpenditureonprescriptiondrugsinVoroniarosebyfifteenpercentormoreannually.Inordertocurbthesedramaticincreases,theministryofhealthprohibiteddrugmanufacturersfromraisinganyoftheirproducts'prices.Eventhoughuseofprescriptiondrugsdidnotexpandafterthispricefreeze,percapitaexpenditureforprescriptiondrugscontinuedtoincreasebyasubstantialpercentageeachyear.
Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mosthelpstoexplainwhytheministry'sactiondidnotachieveitsgoal?
(A)Afterpriceincreaseswereprohibited,drugmanufacturersconcentratedonproducingnewmedicationstoreplaceexistingproducts.
(B)ThepopulationofVoroniarosesteadilythroughouttheperiod.
(C)Improvementsinmanufacturingprocessesenableddrugmanufacturerstomaintainhighprofitlevelsondrugsdespitethepricefreeze.
(D)Inadditiontoimposingapricefreeze,thegovernmentencourageddoctorstoprescribegenericversionsofcommondrugsinsteadofthemoreexpensivebrand-nameversions.
(E)Afterpriceincreaseswereprohibited,someforeignmanufacturersofexpensivedrugsceasedmarketingtheminVoronia.
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Afteritscustomerscomplainedaboutbeingpressuredtobuyunneededinsurance,aninsuranceagencystoppedrewardingitsagentsforhighsalesvolumeandinsteadgavethembonusesforhighlevelsofcustomersatisfaction.Underthisnewplan,bothcustomersatisfactionandtheinsuranceagency'ssalesincreased.
Eachofthefollowing,iftrue,helpstoexplainhowthechangeinincentivesforagentscouldhaveresultedinincreasedsalesEXCEPT:
(A)Customersweresopleasedthattheinsuranceagencyhadrespondedtotheircomplaintsthattheyrecommendedtheagencytotheirfriends.
(B)Agentslistenedmorecloselytocustomersoflongstandingandwereabletosellthemadditionalinsurancepoliciesthatmetnewneeds.
(C)Agentsmorefrequentlypostponedcompletingtheattendantpaperworkevenafterthetermsforaninsurancepolicyweresettledtothesatisfactionoftheclient.
(D)Dissatisfiedcustomersofotheragencies,attractedbythereportsofthechangeinagencypolicy,becamecustomersoftheagency.
(E)Havingcometotrusttheincreasedjudiciousnessoftheagents'recommendations,customersapproachedtheagencytodiscussandultimatelytobuymoresupplementaryinsurancethantheypreviouslyhadboughtunderpressure.
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InthetwoyearsfollowingtheunificationofGermanyin1989,thenumberofcarsownedbyresidentsofEastGermanyandthetotaldistancetraveledbycarsinEastGermanybothincreasedbyabout40percent.Inthosetwoyears,however,thenumberofEastGermanresidentskilledeachyearascaroccupantsintrafficaccidentsincreasedbyabout300percent.
Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mosthelpstoexplainthedisproportionateincreaseintrafficfatalities?
(A)Theaveragenumberofpassengerspercarwashigherintheyearsbeforeunificationthanitwasinthetwoyearsafter.
(B)Afterunification,manypeoplewhohadbeenlivinginEastGermanyrelocatedtoWestGermany.
(C)Afterunification,asmallerproportionofthecarsbeingpurchasedbyEastGermanresidentswereusedvehicles.
(D)Driverswhohaddrivenlittleornotatallbefore1989accountedformuchoftheincreaseinthetotaldistancetraveledbycars.
(E)Overthesametwo-yearperiodinEastGermany,otherroadusers,suchasmotorcyclists,bicyclists,andpedestrians,experiencedonlysmallincreasesintrafficfatalities.
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