英语英语阅读理解题20套带答案.docx

英语英语阅读理解题20套带答案.docx

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英语英语阅读理解题20套带答案

（英语）英语阅读理解题20套（带答案）

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   DogswerelivingascompanionstotheearlysettlersofNorthAmericaover10,000yearsago.TheoldestdomesticdogsintheAmericaswerethoughttobearound9500yearsold.AngelaPerriofDurhamUniversity,UK,andhercolleagueshavecarriedoutfreshradiocarbondatingonthetwodogskeletonsthatgavethisdate,discoveredintheprehistoricKostersiteinIllinois,andfoundtheywereevenolder:

around10,100yearsold.

   AthirddogfromanotherIllinoissitecalledStilwellIIwasolderstill,at10,190yearsold.ThatmakesittheoldestknowndomesticateddogintheAmericas.Theteamconcludedthatallthreedogsweredomesticatedastheyskeletonswerecompleteandunskinned,andsohadn'tbeenbutcheredforfood.Theyhadalsobeencarefullyburied,evidencetheywerevaluedbytheirowners.TheStilwellIIdog,whichprobablyresembledasmallEnglishsettler,wasunderwhatseemedtobethefloorofalivingarea.ItisunclearwhyittooksolongfortamedogstoarriveintheAmericas,giventhattheyweredomesticatedatleast14,000yearsagoinEurasia.Bythistime,peoplewerealreadymovingintoNorthAmericafromSiberia;thereisevidencesomereachedChile18,500yearsago.Geneticistshavefoundsignsofatleastthreewavesofmigrationoverthefollowingmillennia.Thereisnoevidencethatdomesticdogsaccompaniedthem.“Wedon'tknowifdogswerepartofthefirstwavesofimmigrationtotheAmericas"saysLucJanssensofGhentUniversityinBelgium."Itcouldbeso,butnoarchaeologicalboneshaveyetbeenfound."Itis"overwhelminglyprobable"thatsomeoftheearlysettlersdidbringdogstotheAmericas,buttheymaynothavehad"thetimeorthespiritualcompulsiontoburythem",saysPatShipmanofPennsylvaniaStateUniversity.

（1）HowoldistheoldestknowndomesticdogintheAmericas7

A. About9500years.          

B. About10,100years.          

C. 10,190years.          

D. 18,500years.

（2）Theunderlinedword"butchered"inthefourthparagraphcouldbereplacedby.

A. killed                                B. bought                                C. trained                                D. raised

（3）WhatistheattitudetowardswhentamedogsarrivedintheAmericasinthelastthreeparagraphs?

A. Undoubted.                      

B. Unsure.                      

C. Indifferent.                      

D. Unconfident.

（4）Whatisthemaintopicofthispassage?

A. TheearliestdomesticdogintheAmericas.         

B. ThefirstdogarrivingintheAmericas.

C. HowdogsweredomesticatedintheAmericas.         

D. WhentheoldestdogwasfoundintheAmericas.

【答案】

（1）C

（2）A

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了大概一万年以前就在北美成为人类伙伴的狗的种类。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“AthirddogfromanotherIllinoissitecalledStilwellIIwasolderstill,at10,190yearsold.ThatmakesittheoldestknowndomesticateddogintheAmericas.”可知，美洲最古老的家犬有10,190年。

故选C。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“Theteamconcludedthatallthreedogsweredomesticatedastheyskeletonswerecompleteandunskinned,andsohadn'tbeenbutcheredforfood.Theyhadalsobeencarefullyburied,evidencetheywerevaluedbytheirowners.”研究小组得出的结论是，这三种狗都是被驯化的，因为它们的骨骼是完整的，没有皮肤的，所以没有被宰杀作为食物。

他们也被仔细地埋葬了，证据表明他们是被主人重视的。

关键词buried，可知划线词的意思是“杀死”，故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“ItisunclearwhyittooksolongfortamedogstoarriveintheAmericas,giventhattheyweredomesticatedatleast14,000yearsagoinEurasia.”可知，对到达美洲的驯服的狗态度是不确定。

故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的“DogswerelivingascompanionstotheearlysettlersofNorthAmericaover10,000yearsago.TheoldestdomesticdogsintheAmericaswerethoughttobearound9500yearsold.”可知，美洲有最早的家犬。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Theysaythatanappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway.Well,thereisoneladywhobelievesthatit'sactuallychocolate.At102yearsofage,she'slivingproof.

   AccordingtoBoonville,Indiana'sEuniceModlin,adailydoseofchocolatehasbeenthekeytoalongandhealthylife.Specifically,twopiecesofdarkchocolate.It'snotjustEunicewhobelievesthis.

   Manyscientistshaveattributedthesweettohealthbenefitssuchaslowerchancesofcancer,cardiovasculardisease,anddiabetes.

   However,researchersbelievethatEunicemightbeoverlookingthefactthatshehasneversmokedordrunkalcoholinherlonglife,andthatchocolatemightnotbethesignificantcauseofherlongevity.

   "Therearesomanyotherfactorstoherlonglifeandchocolateisn'ttheonlyone,"nutritionistVanessaRissettosaid."Genes,herdietingeneral…areprobablythemainreasons."

   Atanyrate,Euniceisstillaliveandkicking.Withfourchildren,sevengrandkids,14great-grandkidsand11great-greatgrandkids,thisladyhasabigfamily.

   ItmustbenotedthatEunicewasalsoveryathletic,beinganarcherinher20s.Amazingly,shehaslivedthroughtoughtimessuchastheGreatDepressionandWorldWarII.Also,thehealthybloodrunsthroughtheveinsofotherfamilymembers.Eunice'sbrotherisalsostillalive,at101yearsofage.

   Nomatterwhatyoumightthink,Eunice'sconsumptionofchocolatecan'tbeignored.In2015,aBMJstudyshowedthatadailytreatofonesmallbarwouldgivetheconsumer23%lesschanceofhavingastroke（中风）.

   Whatisinthesweetthatmakesitsobeneficial?

Apparently,cocoabeanshaveflavonoids,plantnutrientsthathaveusefulantioxidants（抗氧化剂）.

   "Notallchocolateiscreatedequal,"Rissettowarns."Darkchocolatehasmoreflavonoidsthanmilkchocolate,andwhitechocolate—whichdoesnotactuallycontainchocolate—isnotagoodsourceofflavonoids."

（1）Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingleadtoEuniceModlin'slongandhealthylife?

a.twopiecesofdarkchocolate

b.genes

c.lifelongexercise

d.gooddiet

e.loveofherlargefamily

A. a,b,d                                 B. b,c,d                                 C. a,b,e                                 D. a,c,d

（2）Rissettothinksthat     .

A. chocolateisthemostimportantthingthataffectsEunice'shealth         

B. nosmokingordrinkingcontributesthemosttoEunice'slongevity

C. chocolatereallyhasnothingtodowithherlongandhealthylife         

D. Eunice'sgooddietdoesn'tonlymeantakingchocolateeveryday

（3）Whattheauthorpresentedinthepassagesounds     .

A. persuasive                          

B. objective                          

C. subjective                          

D. critical

（4）Fromthewholepassagewecanconcludethat______________.

A. there'suniversalproofforwhatcontributestoalonglife         

B. itisgenerallyacceptedthatchocolateisthekeytolongevity

C. manyfactorsmaycontributetopeople'sgoodhealth         

D. abitofanychocolateadaykeepsthedoctoraway

【答案】

（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国印第安纳女性EuniceModlin现在已经102岁的了，她认为自己长寿的秘密是每天吃巧克力，并分析了她长寿的原因以及巧克力对健康产生影响的原因。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第五段“‘Therearesomanyotherfactorstoherlonglifeandchocolateisn'ttheonlyone,’nutritionistVanessaRissettosaid.‘Genes,herdietingeneral…areprobablythemainreasons.’”可知研究人员认为EuniceModlin长寿的原因有很多，基因、饮食以及巧克力都起了作用。

故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段“‘Notallchocolateiscreatedequal,’Rissettowarns.‘Darkchocolatehasmoreflavonoidsthanmilkchocolate,andwhitechocolate—whichdoesnotactuallycontainchocolate—isnotagoodsourceofflavonoids.’”可知Rissetto认为只有黑巧克力才黄酮，而黄酮是抗氧化剂的很好的来源。

Eunice的饮食不仅仅意味着吃巧克力，而要吃黑巧克力。

故选D。

（3）考查态度观点。

本文是一篇说明文，美国印第安纳女性EuniceModlin现在已经102岁的了，她认为自己长寿的秘密是每天吃巧克力，并分析了她长寿的原因以及巧克力对健康的影响。

文章中作者只是客观陈述事实，并没有发表个人观点，所以作者持客观的态度。

故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第五段“‘Therearesomanyotherfactorstoherlonglifeandchocolateisn'ttheonlyone,’nutritionistVanessaRissettosaid.‘Genes,herdietingeneral…areprobablythemainreasons.’”可知研究人员认为EuniceModlin长寿的原因有很多，基因、饮食以及巧克力都起了作用。

同样人们的健康是受到不同因素的影响的，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和观点态度三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Twenty-fiveyearsago,asaparenteducator,Ibeganreadingaboutthedangersofpraise.IwascompletelyshockedbywhatIwaslearning:

praiseisnotgoodforourkids.Howcouldthatbe?

SoIspentyearstalkingwithexperts,readingabouttheeffectsofpraise,andfinallydecidedtoclosethedooronpraiseandfocusonbuildinganencouragingfamily.

   Eventoday,withmanystudiesavailabletoparents,Istillhearpeoplesay,"Howcanthatbe?

Howcansaying'Goodjob'or'You'resmart'bebad?

"Iunderstand.Itcanbeadifficulthabittobreak.

   Ifwetellaboy"Youaresosmart!

"whenhebringshomeanAinhismathtest,howdoeshefeelwhenhecomeshomewithaD?

Ifwe'vetoldhimthatheissmart,thenhewillmorelikelyfeelafailurewhenhestruggleswithhomework—"I'msupposedtobesmart.Whycan'tIdothis?

"

   Praisetrainschildrentodependonconstantfeedbackonwhata"greatjob"theyaredoing.Thisdependencyshattersratherthanbuildschildren'sconfidence.Praisetrainschildrentoask,"Doyoulikeit?

""DidIdoagoodjob?

""Areyouproudofme?

"Theybegintobelievethatwhatothersthinkismoreimportantthanwhattheythinkabouttheirachievementsandmistakes.

   Praisebreakstherelationshipbetweenparentsandchildren.Withoutevenrealizingit,parentsmaybeusingpraiseasatooltodirectthechild'sbehavior.Themessageisclear—Iapproveofyouwhenyou…andIdonotapproveofyouwhenyou…Livingwiththiskindofconstantjudgmentcandamagenotonlythechild'sconfidencebutalsotherelationship.

   Thesolutiontotheproblemofpraiseisencouragement.Encouragementcanbegivenatanytime,toanyone,inanysituation.Itisacomment,anacknowledgment,astatementt