雷山民中学年度 高二第二学期第一次半月考英语卷.docx
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雷山民中学年度 高二第二学期第一次半月考英语卷.docx
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雷山民中学年度高二第二学期第一次半月考英语卷
雷山民中2015—2016学年度第二学期高二第一次半月考试题
(英语试卷)
(满分:
150分考试时间:
2016年3月1日18:
40-20:
20)
第一部分:
阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
Peoplearedividedintothosewhocanjumpoutofbedeachmorningandthosewhoneedseveralhourstowakeup.Ihavehatedgettingupearlyallmylife.Themomentthealarmgoesoffinthemorning,Ifeelsick.Nights,though,aredifferent;I’llhappilystayupandI’lldoanythingtoescapeanearlystart.
Thismakesmeanowl(猫头鹰),butIknowmanylarks(云雀)whoinsistthatdawnisthebestpartoftheday.WhileIgotoworksleepytheyhavebeenupforhoursandevenseemcheerfulaboutit.Butitiswrongtosaythatsocietyisexactlydividedintolarksandowls.
Surveysthatexplorewhattimeofdaypeopleprefertodoactivitiesshowthatonly20%ofadultsaretruelarksorowls.Thatleaves80%ofus---halfofwhichleantowardsonedirectionortheother,theotherhalfareneither.
Schoolsandworkoftenstartveryearly,andthere’sasenseofloveforgettingupearly,whiletheowlsaresimplyslovenly.Butnoonesuggeststhatthelarksarelazyforhavinganearlynightwhileowlsareworking.
Fortunatelyscienceisonmyside.I’mnotsleepingmylifeawayormissingthebestpartoftheday.I’mbehavingaccordingtomygenes(基因).Researchershavefoundthatone’schronotype(睡眠类型)islargelygenetic.SoitseemsthatwhenItrytogetupearlyIamfightingmygenetics.WiththehelpofanalarmclockIcanforcemyselftogetupearly.ButassoonasIfailtosetthealarmmygeneswillreturnmetomyolddays.
1.Accordingtothetext,owlsrefertopeoplewho_______.
A.gotobedearlyandgetupearlyB.gotobedearlyandgetuplate
C.gotobedlateandgetupearlyD.gotobedlateandgetuplate
2.Accordingtothetext,peoplewhoareneitherlarksnorowlstakesupabout________.
A.20%B.40%C.60%D.80%
3.Theunderlinedword“slovenly”inParagraph4canbestbereplacedby“______”.
A.boredB.lazyC.tiredD.stupid
B
TheInternetplaysabigpartinhumanlife.Weuseitforworkandentertainment.WecanfindnewrecipesontheInternetoradviceonstayinghealthy.Wecanevenuseittolearnanewlanguage.WeusetheInternettoconnectwithfamilyandfriendsand stayintouch withissueswecareabout.Thelistgoesonandon.So,theremaybenogoingbacktoanInternet-freelife.ButcanusingtheInternettoomuchbebadforourhealth?
Itmightbe,sayresearchers.AnewstudyfindsthatheavyInternetusemaybeconnectedtohighbloodpressureinanunlikelygroup--teenagers.Sotrytobearesponsibleguardian(监护人).
Thestudyresultsshowthatteenswhospendatleast14hoursaweekonlinearemorelikelytohavehighbloodpressure.Highbloodpressuremakesyourheartand blood vessels worktoohard.Overtime,thisextra strain increasesyourriskofaheartattackorstroke.Highbloodpressurecanalsocauseheartandkidneydisease(肾病).Itisalsocloselylinkedtosomeformsofdementia(痴呆),abraindisease.
TheHenryFordHospitalinDetroit,Michigandidthestudy.Itinvolved335youngpeople,from14to17yearsold.Onehundredthirty-fouroftheteensweredescribedas"heavyInternetusers."Researchersfoundthatoutofthese134teens,26hadhighbloodpressure.Theresearcherssaythestudyisthefirsttoconnectheavywebuseandhighbloodpressure.OtherresearchhasconnectedthatheavyInternetusewithhealthproblemsincludinganxiety,depressionandobesity.
TheleadresearcherofthestudyisAndreaCassidy-Bushrow.Forthepurposeofthestudy,sheexplains,teensconsideredheavyInternetuserswereonlineon"average25hoursaweek."Ms.Cassidy-Bushrowaddsthatitisimportantforteenstotake"regularbreaksfromtheircomputersorsmartphones(智能手机)"andtodosome"kindofphysicalactivity."Shealsosuggeststhatparentslimittheirchildren'suseofthesmartphonesorInternettohalfanhouraday,fivedaysaweek.
TheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDCP)says,70million,or29%,ofAmericanadultshavehighbloodpressure.TheCDCPestimatesthathighbloodpressurecoststheUnitedStates$46billioneachyear.
4.Theauthormainlywantstotellus_________.
A.howtopreventhighbloodpressure
B.toomuchInternetusemaybebadforteenagers
C.it’sunnecessaryforteenagerstoavoidtheInternet
D.heavyInternetusewillworsenteenagers’memory
5.Thefirstparagraphofthetextisusedto_______.
A.introducethetopicB.analyzethecauses
C.offersomeopinionsD.makesomesuggestions
6.AccordingtoCassidy-Bushrow,teenagers’useoftheInternetshouldbelimitedto____.
A.onehouraweekB.twohoursaweek
C.twoandahalfhoursaweekD.threehoursaweek
7.Thetextismainlyintendedfor_______.
A.studentsB.teachersC.web-designersD.parents
C
Weallknowwhatabrainis.Adoctorwilltellyouthatthebrainistheorganofthebodyinthehead.Itcontrolsourbody'sfunctions,movements,sensations,emotionsandthoughts.Butabraincanmeanmuchmore.
A brain canalsosimplybeasmartperson.Ifapersoniscalled brainy,sheissmartorintelligent.Ifafamilyhasmanychildrenbutoneofthemissupersmartorcreative,youcouldsay,"She'sthe brains inthefamily."Andifyouarethe brainsbehindsomething, youareresponsiblefordevelopingororganizingsomething.Forexample,BillGatesisthebrainsbehindMicrosoft.A braintrust isagroupofexpertswhogiveadvice.Wordexpertssaythephrase"braintrust"becamepopularwhenFranklinD.Rooseveltfirstranforpresidentin1932.SeveralprofessorsgavehimadviceonsocialandpoliticalissuesfacingtheU.S.Theseprofessorswerecalledhis"braintrust."
Otherwaysweusethewordarenotsoeasytounderstand.Forexample,toteaseistomakefunofsomeone.Buta brainteaser isnotonewhomakesfunofsomeoneelse'sbrain.Abrainteaserisariddleorpuzzlethatmakesyouthink.Hereisafunbrainteaser:
Whatcangoallaroundtheworldbutstillstaysinonecorner?
Theanswer–astamp!
Abrainchildsoundslikeareallysmartkid.Butitisn't.Abrainchildisanideathatonehaswithoutanyhelpfromothers.Ifyouhaveareallygreatidea,itisyourbrainchild–nooneelse's.Brainstorm isnotanactofweather.Itisaprocessofthinkingcreativelyaboutacomplextopic.Forexample,businessleadersmayuse brainstorming tocreatenewproducts,andgovernmentleadersmay brainstorm tosolveproblems.Butifyoucan'tfindasolutiontoaproblem,youmayhaveto rackyourbrains.Itmeans“tothinkveryhardaboutsomething”.To picksomeone'sbrain isquitedifferent.Forexample,ifyoumeetsomeonewhoknowsalotaboutasubjectyoulike,youmaywanttopickhisbraintolearnmore.
Butdonotmixtheseexpressionsup!
Youcannotracksomeoneelse'sbrainorpickyourown.
8.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?
A.Theword“brainy”means“smart”or“intelligent
B.FranklinD.Rooseveltfirstusedthephrase“braintrust”
C.BillGatesgotsomehelpfromseveralprofessorsin1932
D.WordexpertsgaveRooseveltadviceonrunningforpresident
9.Tom,themostcreativestudentinhisgroup,canbedescribedas____.
A.thebrainsbehindsomethingB.abraintrust
C.thebrainsinhisgroupD.abrainchild
10.Thetextismainlydevelopedby______.
A.analyzingcausesB.givingexamples
C.listingdifferencesD.makingcomparisons
11.Theauthorwritesthelastparagraphto____.
A.suggestreadersusethebrainphrasesproperly
B.advisereaderstopayattentiontootherwords
C.introducesomenegativemeaningsofbrainphrases
D.remindreadersofsomemorebrainphrases
D
Themonthsarefamiliartoeveryone.Nearlyanysmallchildcanrattleoffthetwelvemonthsoftheyear.Buthowandwhydidthenamescomeintobeing?
Everymonth’snametellsastory.JanuaryisnamedafterJanus,aRomangoddescribedashavingtwofaces,onelookingforwardandonelookingback.Asthegodofdoors,hehadtowatchoutforfriendsandenemiescomingfromeitherdirection.
Februaryisaformoffebruare,whichwasaRomanfestival.Onthatday,peoplebeggedthegodsforhealthychildrenandenoughcropsinthenextyear.
MarchisnamedafterMars,whommanypeoplehavereadaboutasthegodofwars.FewpeoplerealizethatatfirstMarswasthegodofspringtime.Fighterswould“takethewinteroff”fromfighting,restingwhiletheweatherwastoobadforthebattle.Inthespring-aroundwhatwenowthinkofasMarchbattleswouldstartagain.Fromthistimeline,Marssoonbecamemorewellknownasthegodofwarsthanofspringtime.
Aprilisamystery.Expertsarguealotabouttheoriginofit.
Mayisalsonamedafteragoddess,Maika.Shewasthegoddessofplants,becauseplantsoftenbegintohaveflowersinMay.
Noteverymonthkeptthesamenameovertheyears.ThefirstnameforJulywasQuintilis,“thefifthmonth”.AugustwasatfirstcalledSextilis,“thesixthmonth”.Likewise,September,October,November,andDecemberweretheseventh,eighth,ninth,andtenthmonths.HowdidJulyandAugustgettheirnewnames?
JulywasnamedafterJuliusCaesar,thefirstemperorofRome,afterhewaskilledin66BC.AugustwasnamedafterAugustusCaesar,JuliusCaesar’snephew.
12.Theunderlinedphrase“rattleoff”inParagraph1probablymeans“_______”.
A.shakeuntilsomethingdropsoffB.saysomethingquicklyfrommemory
C.getridofD.feelunhappy
13.Thewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthepassageisto_______.
A.explainhowthemonthsgottheirnames
B.showwhytherearetwelvemonthsandnotjusttenmonths
C.showhowimportanthumanactivitiesareindecidingthe
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