陕西省渭南市临渭区学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题.docx
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陕西省渭南市临渭区学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题.docx
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陕西省渭南市临渭区学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
陕西省渭南市临渭区2020-2021学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
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一、阅读选择
Itwasthe50thanniversary(周年)ofthemoonlandinglastyear.Astronomyloversarenottheonlyoneswhoareexcitedaboutit;publishers(出版商)arealsoofferinganumberofbookstomarktheevent.
ShootfortheMoonJamesDonovan
Little,BrownandCo.$30
ThisretellingofthespaceracebeginswiththeSovietUnion’sSputniksatellitein1957tothehistoricApollo11programtwelveyearslater.Thebookoffersdetailsaboutthecharactersofthespacemen,engineersandotherswhomadetheU.S.spaceprogramasuccess.
OneGiantLeap
CharlesFishman
Simon&Schuster,$29.99
Gettingtothemoonrequiredamillionhoursofwork,thisbooksays.Accordingly,thestorycentersontheengineers,projectmanagersandotherswhoworkedlongandhardtogettheApolloprogramofftheground.
PicturingApollo11
J.L.PickeringandJohnBisney
UnivofFlorida,$45
Packedwithhundredsofphotos(somearepublishedforthefirsttime),thisbookreadslikeaphotobookoftheApollo11program.Thephotosaremomentsfromspacemantraining,aswellastheexcitementofliftoff,thehistoriclandingandthereturnhomeofthethreemen.
Apollo’sLegacyRogerD.
LauniusSmithsonianBooks,
$27.95
AspacehistorianexaminestheApolloprogramindifferentways:
asapolitical(政治的)machineintheColdWarandanimportantculturalmoment.ThebookexploresdifferentviewsontheU.S.moonshotprojectfromscientists,politicians,themediaandthepublicduringthespaceraceandbeyond.
1.WhatisShootfortheMoonmainlyabout?
A.Historyofthespacerace.B.Theshootoftwosatellites.
C.Cooperationofdifferentcountries.D.Humans’understandingofthemoon.
2.WhosebookshowstheApollo11programthroughpictures?
A.JamesDonovan’sB.CharlesFishman’s
C.J.L.PickeringandJohnBisney’sD.RogerD.Launius’s
3.WhichbooktalksaboutdifferentviewsontheApolloprogram?
A.ShootfortheMoonB.OneGiantLeap
C.PicturingApollo11D.Apollo’sLegacy
MacinleyButsonwasjust16yearsoldwhenshefirsthadtheideatotryandprotectwomenfrommore—than—necessaryradiationduringbreastcancertreatments—andnow,herinventioncouldbeagame-changerinthemedicalfield.
Butson,whosefatherworksinmedicalphysics,hasalwaysbeeninterestedinscience.Butsheonlybeganresearchingtheharmfulsideeffectsofradiationtreatmentafterherfatherdiscussedhisexperiencewithineffectivecancertreatmentsinhiswork.SinceButsonhadalsorecentlylostarelativetobreastcancer,shefeltinspiredtoconductherownresearchonthesubject.Shetriedtobeginhermedicalresearchbyconsultingscientificjournals,butshefoundtheiracademictermsalmostimpossibletounderstand.
ShethenturnedtotheInternettofindvideosthattaughthowtoreadscientificjournals.Asshewentdeeperinherresearch,shestumbleduponakeybitofinformation:
copper(铜)hasbeenshowntobeeffectiveatprotectingskinfromradiation.AnideahitthisAustralianteenasshewasviewingafilmonmedievalwarsinher10thgradehistoryclass.Whenshesawthescaled(鳞片)patternsofthemail(盔甲),shewasinspiredtocreateawearableprotectivetooloutofcopper.Shethenheadedbackonlineandwatchedvideosonhowtoputtogethertinyscales.Shemadeherownflexiblescale-mailwhichshenowcallsSMART:
ScaleMailforRadiationTherapy.
Whenherinventionwastestedinalaboratorysetting,itreducedsurfaceexposuretounnecessaryradiationby75%.AndnowButsonisworkingongettingherSMARTintoclinicalsettingsforuse.
4.WhydidMacinleyButsonstartherresearch?
A.Toassistherfatherwithhiswork.B.Tosaveherrelativefromcancer.
C.Topublishsomearticlesinjournals.D.Tofindeffectivewaystotreatcancer.
5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“stumbledupon"inParagraph3probablymean?
A.Cameacross.B.Missed.
C.Passedon.D.Required.
6.WheredidMacinleyBustongetinspirationforherinvention?
A.Videosonline.B.Scientificjournals.
C.Historytextbooks.D.Soldiersdefensiveclothes.
7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMacinleyBuston?
A.Stubborn.B.Creative.
C.Selfless.D.Considerate.
ThereisafamousstoryabouthowWaltDisneywasinspiredtobuildDisneyland.ThestorygoesthatduringanafternoonvisittoGriffithParklocatedneartheBurbankStudios,Walttookaseatwhilehistwoyoungdaughtersrodethemerry-go-round.Waltthoughtthereshouldbeaplacewherebothchildrenandtheirparentscouldenjoyspendingsometimetogetherinanenvironmentthatwouldbebothentertainingandpleasingtotheeye,sowiththisthoughtcametheideaforDisneyland.
Walt'soriginalplanwastobuildaneight-acreparklocatedneartheBurbankStudiosthatwouldbeaplaceforhisemployeesandtheirfamilies.ThoseplanswereputonholdbecauseofthestartofWorldWarII.By1952,Walthadcreatedaspecialdepartmentthatwasdevotedtoplanninghisdream.
Finallyin1953,thefirststepsinbuildingtheparkhappenedwhenWaltemployedtheStanfordResearchInstitutetomakeasurveytodeterminethebestpossiblelocationforthefuturepark.Consideringpopulationgrowthandthefuturefreewayconstruction(建设),theyfinallyfoundalocationinAnaheimand160acresoflandwereboughtforthesiteofthenewpark.
Thebuildingoftheparkwasveryexpensiveandtocollectmoneyfortheproject,Waltdevelopedtheideaofthe''WaltDisney'sDisneyland''televisionshow.Itturnedouttobeamarvelousidea—notonlygainingthemoneytobuildtheparkbutalsopresentingtheparktotheAmericanpublic.
ConstructionofficiallybeganonJuly21,1954,anditwasanambitious(野心勃勃的)buildingscheduleoflessthanoneyeartocompletethenewparkfortheprojectedopeningday.Waltwatchedoverthepark'sconstructionandprogresscontinuedwithjustafewminorhold-ups.Finally,theparkwasreadyfortheOpeningDayonJuly17,1955.
8.WhatinspiredWaltDisneytobuildDisneyland?
A.ThespecialdesignofGriffithPark.B.Atriptoaparkwithhisdaughters.
C.Requestsfromhisfamilyandemployees.D.Theideatobuildaparkforhisdaughters.
9.WhatismainlyconsideredinchoosingthelocationofDisneyland?
A.WaltDisney'spersonalpreference.B.Thenaturalenvironment.
C.Theadviceofthepublic.D.Localtraffic.
10.Whatcanwelearnabouttheconstructionprocess?
A.Itwassmoothgenerally.B.ItwasaffectedbyWorldWarII.
C.Itwascompletedlaterthanexpected.D.Itwasinfluencedbyashortageofmoney.
11.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?
A.Adiary.B.Anovel.C.Amagazine.D.Aguidebook.
Saltwateranddrydesertclimatemaynotseemgoodforgrowinghealthyproduce,butthatisexactlywhatagroupofscientistshasmanagedtodo.ResearchersfromtheUK-basedSeawaterGreenhouseCompanyhavediscoveredagoodwaytofarmfruitandvegetablessimplybyusingsolarpowerandsaltwaterforwateringandcoolingindryareas.
Thecompanyhasdevelopedplantation(种植园)projectsindryareassuchasAustralia,AbuDhabi,Somaliland,Oman,andTenerife.Althoughtheseplacesaredry,theplantationsareabletogrowthousandsofpoundsofproducesimplybymaking''coolinghouses''outofthickwallsofcardboard(硬纸板).Whileglassgreenhousesaredesignedtokeepgardenswetandwarm,thecardboardwallsuseevaporativecooling(蒸发冷却)tokeeptheinsideoftheplantationswetandcool.
Anexcitingnewstudysaysthatplantsgrowwelldownbelowsolarpanels(太阳能板)andtheyproducemoreenergy.Thedesignofthewaving-cardboardpanelshelpstocooldownthewindcomingfromtheoutside.Atthesametime,asmallsolar-poweredmachineoffersseawateratthetopofthepanelssoatitcandropdownthroughthewallsofthecardboardforevaporation.Thisevaporativecoolingskillcreatestheperfectconditionsforfarmingproduceinthedryareas.Additionally,sincetheseawaterisrepeatedlycollected,thesaltcanbeleftontotheoutsideofthewalls.Notonlydoesthishelptomakethecardboardstrong,itcanalsobecollectedandsoldforincreasingincome.
AccordingtoSeawaterGreenhousefounderCharliePaton,youwouldonlyneedabout10squaremilesof''coolinghouses''tofeedallofSomaliland,whichisacountryofaboutfourmillionpeople.Uponcompletingthecompany'sSomalilandprojectinNovember2017,itnowproducesabout300to750tonsoftomatoeseveryyear.Patonsaysthatheisveryexcitedforhiscompanytostartevenmoreprojectsindryareasaroundtheworld.
12.Whatkindofplaceswillwelcomeplantationprojects?
A.Coldareaswithlesssunlight.B.Dryandhotareasnearthesea.
C.Coldandwetplaces.D.Drydesertareas.
13.Whatistheadvantageoftheplantationprojectindryareas?
A.Itcanhelpplantsgrowquicker.B.Itdoesn'tproducewastematerials.
C.Itusessolarenergyinsteadofelectricity.D.Itgetsextraincomebycoolingseawater.
14.WhyisSomalilandmentionedinthelastparagraph?
A.Toshowthehighoutputoftheproject.B.Totellpeopletheneedforfoodthere.
C.Toletpeopleknowitsagriculture.D.Tointroduceitslargepopulation.
15.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?
A.Thefarmingconditionsofdryareas.B.Thewideuseofsolarpanelsinfarming.
C.HelpingsolveSomaliland’sfoodproblems.D.Usingsaltwatertogrowproduceindryareas.
二、七选五
HowtoTrickorTreat
Thejack-o-lanternsarecarved,yourcostume(服装)isallpickedout,andthesunisjuststartingtosetonHalloweennight.16.Withafewsimpletips,youcanhaveasafeandsuccessfultrick-or-treatexperience.
Starttrick-or-treatataround6:
00or6:
30pm.You’llprobablywanttostarttrick-or-treatassoonasyougethomefromschool,butbepatient!
Haveagooddinner
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