甘肃省兰州一中学年高一下学期月考英语试题 Word版含答案.docx
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甘肃省兰州一中学年高一下学期月考英语试题 Word版含答案.docx
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甘肃省兰州一中学年高一下学期月考英语试题Word版含答案
兰州一中2018-2019-2学期高一年级5月月考
英语
第I卷
第一部分:
阅读理解(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
MotherTeresa(August26,1910-September5,1997)wasagreatwoman,whodidalottoimprovethesocialconditionofmankind.Duetohercontributioninservingthesociety,shewasawardedtheNobelPeacePrizeaged69.
ShewasbroughtupinaCatholicfamily.Whenshewasonlyseven,shelostherfather.Evenasayoungchild,shewasinterestedinthelifeofmissionaries(传教士).Attheageof18,shedecidedthatshewouldbecomeanun.SheleftherhomeandwenttojointheSistersofLoreto.Itwasthefirststepthatshemadetowardsprovidingservicesformankind.
Onthe7thofOctoberintheyear1950,MotherTeresareceivedVaticanpermissiontostarttheMissionariesofCharityinCalcutta,themissionofwhichwouldbetotakecareoftheneedy,thehomeless,andpeoplewhowereshunnedbythesociety.Thenithadanumberofbranchesalloverthecountry.ThejourneyofMotherTeresa’sMissionariesofCharitystartedwiththesettingupofhomesfor"theDying".
Intheyear1983,MotherTeresasufferedfromaseriousheartattack,whileshewasinRome.However,sherecovered.But,laterin1989,sheagaingotanattack.Herhealthwentworseandintheyear1991,shesufferedfrompneumonia.Takingherhealthproblemsintoconsideration,MotherTeresadecidedtoresign(辞职)fromthepostofheadoftheorder.
AsecretvotewasconductedinwhichallthenunsvotedforthestayofMotherTeresaexceptherself.So,sheagreedtocontinueservingasheadoftheMissionariesofCharity.Daybydayherhealthwasgettingworse.OnSeptember5,1997,exactlyninedaysafterher87thbirthday,thisgreatsouldepartedforheaven.
1.WhydidMotherTeresadevoteherlifetothereligiouslife?
A.Becauseherparentshadadeepinfluenceonher.
B.Becauseshewantedtoprovideservicesforothers.
C.Becauseshethoughtthelifeofmissionariessimple.
D.BecauseshecametoknowtheSistersofLoreto.
2.Whichofthefollowingwordscanreplacetheunderlinedword"shunned"?
A.Cared.B.Concerned.
C.Ignored.D.Affected.
3.WhydidMotherTeresadecidetoresignfromherpost?
A.Sherealizedshecouldn’tfullyservethepeopleinneed.
B.Shewasonlyworriedaboutherhealthcondition.
C.Shewishedtoleadamorecomfortablelife.
D.Sheknewaheartattackwouldtakeherlifeawayatanytime.
B
Geneticengineering,initsbroadestdefinition,meanstocontrolaspeciessothataparticulartraitisincreasedinthepopulation.Atraitishowanorganism(有机体)looksoractsorwhatitdoes.Havingbrowneyesisatrait.Flyingincirclesisatrait.Climbingtreesisatrait.
Theearliestformsofgeneticengineeringoccurredonfarms.Peopleselectedseedsfromplantsthathadmorefruitproductionortastierleavesthanotherplantsoftheirtypes.Thentheychosetosavetheseedsfromthebestofthatgrouptosowthenextyear.So,yearbyyear,thefarmersproducedbetterandbettercrops.Thistypeofactivityprobablyhasbeengoingonsincemankindfirstsettledinvillagesandbeganmakingalifeforthemselvesinonelocation,about12,000yearsago!
Thesamesortofthingwouldhavealsohappenedwithanimals.Forexample,peoplechosetoeattheanimalsthatdidn’thavefavorabletraitsandlettheanimalswiththefavorable
traitsreproduce.Itwasthousandsofyearsbeforemankindfiguredouthowplantsandanimalsreproducethemselves.Withthisknowledge,peoplecouldpollinate(授粉)plantsbyhandorkeepapairofanimalstogetherinordertodeliberatelycauseanincreaseinafavorabletrait.
Itwasonlyinthelast250yearsthatscientistsbeganfiguringoutchromosomes(染色体)andgenesandtheroletheyplayinthewayonegenerationpassesitstraitsontothenext.Andit’sonlybeeninthelast30yearsthatscientistshavebeenabletocutoutspecificgenesfromoneorganismandputtheminanother.Itisthis30-year-oldtechnologythatisdescribedbythenarrowdefinitionofgeneticengineering.Mankindhaslongbeenabletohaveadeliberateimpactontheworldaroundhim.Henowpossessesthetoolstodeliberatelyimpacthimself.Somepeopleareafraidofwhatmightbedonewiththatpower.
4.Thetextismainlydevelopedby______.
A.askingquestions
B.examiningdifferences
C.makingcomparisons
D.givingexamples
5.Paragraph2mainlytalksabout______.
A.thespreadofgeneticengineering
B.theadvantageofgeneticengineering
C.theoriginalapplicationofgeneticengineering
D.thepopularityofgeneticengineering
6.Theunderlinedword“them”inthelastparagraphrefersto______.
A.specificgenesB.specialtraits
C.chromosomesD.scientists
7.Whatcanwelearnaboutgeneticengineeringfromthelastparagraph?
A.Ithasahistoryof250yearsbythenarrowdefinitionofgeneticengineering.
B.Scientistsdon’tknowhowtomakegooduseofit.
C.Peoplehaveamisunderstandingofitinthepast30years.
D.Itisbecomingapowerfultoolofmankind.
C
Americanhighschoolstudentsareterriblewriters,andoneeducationreformgroupthinksithasananswer:
robots.Or,moreaccurately,robot-readers—computersprogrammedtoscanstudents’essaysandspitoutagrade.
MarkShermis,professoroftheCollegeofEducationattheUniversityofAkron,ishelpingtoholdacontest,setupbytheWilliamandFloraHewlettFoundation(WFHF),whichpromises$100,000inprizemoneytoprogrammerswhowritethebestautomatedgradingsoftware.“Ifyou’reahighschoolteacherandyougiveawritingtask,you’rewalkinghomewith150essays,”Shermissaid.“You’regoingtoneedsomehelp.”
Automatedessaygradingwasfirstproposedinthe1960s,butcomputersbackthenwerenotuptothetask.Inthelate1990s,astechnologyimproved,severaltextbooksandtestingcompaniesjumpedintothefield.Today,computersareusedtogradeessaysonSouthDakota’sstudentwritingassessmentsandahandfulofotherexams,includingtheTOEFLtestofEnglishfluency,takenbyforeignstudents.
TheHewlettcontestaimstoshowthatcomputerscangradeaswellasEnglishteachers—onlymuchmorequicklyandwithoutallthatdepressingredink.“Automatedessayscoringisobjective,”Shermissaid.“Anditcanbedoneimmediately.Ifstudentsfinishanessayat10pm,theywillgetaresultat10:
01pm.”
Take,forinstance,theIntelligentEssayAssessor,aweb-basedtoolmarketedbyPearsonEducation,Inc.Withinseconds,itcananalyzeanessayforspelling,grammar,organization,andhelpstudentstomakerevisions.Theprogramscansforkeywordsandanalyzessemantic(语义的)patterns,andPearsonclaimsthatitcanunderstandthemeaningoftextmuchthesameasahumanreader.
8.Thetextiswrittentointroduce______.
A.educationreforminAmerica
B.robot-readers
C.Hewlettcontest
D.WilliamandFloraHewlettFoundation
9.FromParagraph3,weknowthatinthe1960s______.
A.Computerswerenoteasytoget
B.Automatedgradingsoftwarewaspopular
C.Computerscouldn’tgradeessaysautomatically
D.Peoplerefusedautomatedessaygrading
10.TheIntelligentEssayAssessorcan______.
A.Rewriteessays
B.Underlinethemistakesinredink
C.Correctkeywordsandpatterns
D.Understandthemeaningoftext
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
MakingShortVideos
“Apictureisworthathousandwordsorso”,theysay.Well,motion(运动)picturescancontainevenmorememories.11Herearesomeappsyoucanusetomakeyourownshortvideos.
Q
RecitinglinesfrommoviesisaneffectiveandclassicwaytolearnEnglish.Sowhatifyoucoulddub(配音)recordingsaccompaniedbymovieclips(剪辑)andthensharethemwithfriends?
12Younameit.Bycontributingyourvoice,youcaneithermimic(模仿)theoriginalsoundtrackorcreatesomethingcompletelynewofyourown.
Shorts
13WiththehelpoftheShortsapp,youcanmakepicturesinyouralbumintoaslideshow.Choosefromanyoftheoff-the-shelfthemes---“holiday”,“travel”,“friendship”and“party”forexample—eachmatchedwithitsownthememusicandslidebackground.Butifyou’renotsatisfiedwiththecombinations,feelfreetodoalittlechangebyaddingtexttothepicturesorreplacingthemusicwithsomethinginyourownplaylist.
VivaVideo
Videomakingandeditingonceseemedawfullyhard.14Butthisappwilleaseyouintothefieldwithstraight-forwardfunctionsandcleardirectiontohelpyou“createyourownvideostory”.Apartfromfilter,stickersandtext,thecoolestpartofthisappisthatyoucanwritethenarrativesyourselfandaddyourownvoicetothevideo.15VivaVideorequiresarelativelypowerfulphonetorunsmoothly.
A.Buthereisalittlereminder.
B.Thisapphasmovies,cartoons,lectures,TVseries.
C.Theseappshaveavarietyofidentifications(识别).
D.That’swhyshortvideosarebecomingpopular.
E.Videosandpicturesaren’tonlyforseparatepurposes.
F.Newbies(网络新手)andamateursdidn’tdaretoevengiveitatry.
G.VideomakingandeditingiswhatApplefanswanttotry.
第二部分:
完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
In1957,JaneGoodallfirstmetthefamousanthropologist(人类学者)DrLouisLeakey,wholaterplayedanimportantroleinherlife.Withthe16ofgaininginsightintohumans’evolutionary(进化的)past,DrLeakey17apioneeringlong-termfieldstudyon18chimps.EventhoughJanehadnoformal19,herpatienceanddeterminationtounderstandanimals20himtochooseherforthestudy.21itwasunusualforawomantoworkintheforestofAfrica,goingthere22thefulfillment(实现)ofherchildhooddream.Inthesummerof1960she23inTanzania(坦桑尼亚)onLakeTangan
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