外文文献原稿和译文.docx

外文文献原稿和译文.docx

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外文文献原稿和译文

外文文献原稿和译文

原　　稿

Theintroductionoftheelectroniccommerce

WiththerapiddevelopmentofInternet,websitessurgingforwardareafterfryingthefoot"concept",itis"practical"toallchangedirectiononeafteranother,and"practicaloneofthemoredistinctcharacteristics":

Itismostwebsitesthatareallattemptingtodothetrue"e-commerce".Whatis"e-commerce"so?

Theso-callede-commerce（ElectronicCommerce）utilizestechnologyofthecomputer,networktechnologyandlong-rangecommunicationtechnology,realizetheelectrification,digitizationandnetworkedinthecourseofthewholecommercialaffair（buysandsells）.Peoplearenolongerface-to-face,lookatthetruegoods,dependonthepapermediumdocument（includingthecash）tocarryonthebusinesstransaction.Butprovideanddeliversystemandfundconvenienttobesafeandsettleaccountanddoadealsystematicallythroughafeastfortheeyesgoodsinformationonnet,perfectlogisticsthroughthenetwork（buyandsell）.Infact,thecourseofthewholetradecanbedividedintothreestages:

Thefirststageisinformationinterchangestage:

Totradecompany,inordertoreleaseinformationstagethisstage.Mainlychooseone'sownoutstandinggoods,organizeone'sowngoodsinformationmeticulously,setupone'sownwebpage,thenjoininfamouswebsiteswithgreaterreputation,withstrongerinfluencepower,ofhigherclickingrate,letasmanyaspossiblepeopleunderstandyouknowyou.Tobuyer,thisstageisthestagegoingtolookforthegoodsandgoodsinformationonthenet.Itismainlyaccordingtotheneedsofone'sownone,surftheNetandlookfortheinformationandgoodsthatoneselfneeds,andthetradecompanychoosingtheservicewithahighreputationtobewellcheap.

Thesecondstagesignsthecontractstageofthegoods:

AsB2B（tradecompanyvs.tradecompany）,thisstageisexchangecourseofsigningthecontract,finishingtheessentialtradeandbusinessnote.Theonesthatshouldpayattentiontoare:

Complicatedproblems,suchasaccuracy,dependability,can'tbealtereddingofthedata,etc..AsB2C（tradecompanyvs.personalcustomer）,thisstagefinishesdoingshoppingtheorderformofthecoursesignscourse,thecustomershouldrefergoods,one'sowncontactinginformation,way,paymentmethodtodelivergoodswhichyouchoosetothetradecompanyafterinthenetworkgoodsignwell,thetradecompanyshouldsendmailsorthetelephoneandverifyabove-mentionedcontentsafterreceivingtheorderform.

Thethirdstagecarriesongoodshandingover,fundsettlementstageaccordingtothecontract:

Thisstageisstagewhentradeofthewholegoodsisverykey,notmerelyinvolvetheputtinginplacecorrectlyandsafelyonthenetoffund,involvetheaccuracythatthegoodsprovideanddeliver,putinplaceontimetooatthesametime.Thereisbanking,provideanddeliversystematicinvolvementatthisstage,technically,inlaw,suchrespectsasthestandardisfirst-classhavehigherrequests.Thesucceedingornotforastagejusthereofonlinetrade.

Thecharacteristicsofdevelopment

Widerenvironment:

Peoplearenotrestrictedbytime,isnotrestrictedbyspace,agreatdealofrestrictionsnotdoingshoppingbythetradition,canconcludethebusinessonthenetwheneverandwhereverpossible.

Widermarket:

Thisworldwillbecomeverysmallonthenet,atradecompanycanfaceglobalconsumers,andaconsumercandoshoppinginanyglobaltradecompany.

Fastercirculationandcheapprice:

E-commercehasreducetheintermediatelinkofcirculationofcommodities,hassavedalargeamountofexpenses,thusreducedthecostofthecirculationofcommoditiesandtradegreatly.

Accordwiththedemandsfortimesevenmore:

Peoplepursuethefashion,stresstheindividualcharactermoreandmorenowadays,payattentiontotheenvironmentthatdoesshopping,theonlineshopping,theshoppingcoursethatbestreflectsindividualization.

Influence

1.E-commercewillchangethewayofthecommercialactivity

Thetraditionalmosttypicalsceneofcommercialactivityisthat"thesalesmanexistseverywhere","thepurchasingagentrunseverywhere","revealthemouth,runandbreaktheleg",consumerslookforthegoodsthatoneselfneedallpoopedoutlayinthemarket.Now,itisiftouchitallrighttopassInternet,peoplecanentertheonlinemarkettobrowsethrough,purchaseallkindsofproducts,andcanalsogetonlineservice,tradecompanycangetintouchwiththecustomeronthenet,utilizethenetworktocarryonthepaymentforgoodsandcloseserving,thegovernmentcanalsocarryonelectroncallingforbid,governmentprocurement,etc.conveniently.

2.E-commercewillchangepeople'sconsumptionpattern 

Thebiggestcharacteristicofonlineshoppingisconsumers'leadingfactor,doshoppingthewillisgraspedinconsumer'shands,atthesametimeconsumerscanalsofinishthetradebywayofakindofrelaxedandfreeself-service,consumer'ssovereigntycanbefullyembodiedintheshoppingatnetwork.

3.E-commercewillchangethemodesofproductionofenterprises 

Becausee-commerceisakindofswift,convenientshoppingmeans,consumers'individualization,priviledgesneedandbeabletobetotallyshowninfrontofthemanufacturerthroughthenetwork,inordertopleasecustomers,stressthedesignstyleoftheproducts,alotofenterprisesinthemanufacturingindustrydevelopandpopularizee-commerceoneafteranother,ifAmericanFordMotorCompanyconnectswithinsidenetworkofthecompanyin120,000computerworkstationsinthewholeworldofMarchof1998,andinclude15,000distributorsofthewholeworldintheinsidenetwork,thefinalpurposeofFordCompanyistorealizebeingaccordingtousers'differentrequests,supplytheautomobileasrequired.

4.E-commercewillbringarevolutiontothetraditionaltrade 

E-commerceisinthecourseofthewholecommercialactivity,throughthecombinationofpeopleandtelecommunicationsway,improvetheefficiencyofthecommercialactivitygreatly,reducetheunnecessaryintermediatelink,thetraditionalmanufacturingindustryenterstheerasofshortrun,muchvarietiesbythis,"zerostock"becomepossible;Traditionalretailbusinessandwholesalebusinessopenthenewmodeof"onlinemarketing"of"havingnoshop";Variouskindsofonlineserviceshaveofferedthebrand-newmethodofserviceforservicetradeofthetradition.

5.E-commercewillbringabrand-newfinancialcircles

Becausepaythekeylinkthatise-commercebymailsonline,itisbasicconditionthate-commercecanbedevelopedsmoothlytoo,withthebreak-throughofe-commerceontheelectronictradelink,suchservicesasonlinebank,bankcardpaythenetwork,electronicpaymentsystemofbankandelectroniccheque,electroniccash,bringtraditionalfinancialcirclesintoabrand-newfield.

6.E-commercewillchangethegovernment'sbehavior

Thegovernmentisundertakingthefunctionofthemanagementandserviceofalargenumberofsocieties,economy,culture,ine-commerceera,asenterprisesusee-commercetocarryontheproductionandmanagement,thebankcomputerizesfinancialservices,andwhileconsumersrealizecosumptiononline,willputforwardthenewrequest,anelectronicgovernmentorcallingtheonlinegovernmentforgovernment'sadministrationbehaviourtoo,willbecomeanimportantsocialrolease-commerceisdeveloped.

Inaword,asakindofcommercialactivitycourse,e-commercewillbringanunprecedentedrevolution,itsimpactonsocialeconomyfarexceedsthecommercialaffairitself.Besidestheseabove-mentionedinfluence,itwillalsobringenormousinfluenceonemployment,legalsystemandcultureandeducation,etc.,e-commercewillbringthemankindintotheinformation-intensivesociety.

Inthemoderninformation-intensivesociety,e-commercecanenablemasteringtheenterprisesandindividualsoftheinformationtechnologyandbusinessrule,utilizingvariouskindsofelectronictoolsandnetworkssystematically,thelowcostwithhighefficiencyisengagedinvariouskindsofcommercialtradeactivitiesrealizedinelectronicway.Accordingtousingwiththefunction,candividee-commerceintothreelevelsor3S,namelySHOW,SALE,SERVE:

1.SHOW（show）  

Offertheelectronicmarketconditions,enterprisesreleasegoodsandotherinformationonthenetbywayofwebpage,withadvertiseetc.onthenet,throughSHOW,enterprisescanestablishone'sowncorporateimage,expandthepopularityofenterprises,propagatetheserviceofone'sownproducts,lookforthenewtradecooperativepartner.

2.SALE（trade）  

Realizethewholecourseofthetransactionactivityofthetraditionalforminelectronicwayinthenetwork,forinstanceonlineshopping,etc..EnterprisescanfinishthewholecourseofthetradethroughSALE,expandtherangetraded,improvetheefficiencyofthework,reducethecostofthetrade,thusobtaintheeconomicandsocialbenefit.

3.SERVE（serve）  

Andtheserviceaftersalebeforemeaningvariouskindsofrelatedtocommercialactivitythatenterpriseslaunchthroughthenetworkandselling,throughsuchSERVEonnet,enterprisescanperfectone'sowne-commercesystem,consolidatethealreadyexistingcustomer,attractthenewcustomer,thusexpandthemanagementbusinessofenterprises,obtaingreatereconomicbenefitsandsocialbenefit.Theenterpriseisaprotagonistwholaunchese-commerce.

Kinds

E-commerceinsideenterpriseismainlytodealwithandexchangetradeandbusinessinformationthroughthewayofthenetwork（Intranet）insideenterprises.Thenetwork（Intranet）isakindofeffectivecommercialtoolinsideenterprises,passthefirew