完整版4毕业设计外文资料翻译高升.docx

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完整版4毕业设计外文资料翻译高升

毕业设计外文资料翻

译

题目土木工程项目管理的实现

学院土木建筑学院

专业土木工程

班级土木1108

学生高升

学号

指导教师刘俊岩

二0—五年三月六日

FACTAUNIVERSITATIS

Series:

ArchitectureandCivilEngineeringVol.4,No2,2006,pp.85-89

CIVILENGINEERINGPROJECTSREALIZATION

MANAGEMENT

SlobodanMirkovi?

UniversityofNi?

FacultyofCivilEngineeringandArchitecture,

Serbia

Abstract:

Thepapertreatsthemanagementoftherealizationof

civilengineeringprojectsorcivilengineeringbuildingsconstructionmanagement,asacomplexdynamicprocess,whichentailsalargenumberofstrategicandoperativedecisionswhichareimportantforanefficient,costeffective,andeconomicconstruction.Themanagementprocessexecutionisnotpossiblewithoutthefunctionssuchasplanning,organizing,coordinationandcontrol.Planning,astheinitialfunction,importantfortheforecastofthefutureevents,tasksandgoals,isrenderedmuchsimplerbytheapplicationofcomputersandsoftwarepackages.Suchsoftwarepackagesfacilitatetheintegralmanagement,planning,realization,aswellascontrolofthecourseofrealizationofcivilengineeringprojects,thatistheentirecourseofcivilengineeringbuildingsconstruction.ThemostfrequentprogramsinthisapplicationaretheScheduler,PrimaVeraandProject.TheexperienceacquiredintheapplicationofthesesoftwarepackagesthatthebestresultsincivilengineeringattainedbythesoftwarepackagePROJECT2003.

Keywords:

Project,softwarepackages,managementprocess,organizationprojectandbuildingtechnology.

INTRODUCTION

Startingfromthefactthattherealizationofcivilengineeringprojectsorconstructionofcivilengineeringbuildingsisaverycomplexdynamicalprocess,affectedbyanextremelylargenumberoffactorswhichareconstantorstochasticincharacter,itcanbestatedthatthestructurerealization,thatisconstruction,ispossibleonlywithmakingtimelyandcorrectdecisions,andwithadoptionofmostefficientmethodsandwaysofmanagementandrealization.

Accordingtothepreviousstatement,themanagementoftherealizationofcivilengineeringprojectsthatismanagementofbuildingconstruction,isregardedasadynamicalprocessofdecisionmaking,abouttheactivitieswhichimprovethefunctioninganddevelopmentofcivilengineeringproduction,asamacrosystem,mindtheavailablescopeofrelevantinformation.Themanagementisperformedthroughtherealizationoffourbasicfunctions,whichare:

planning,organization,coordinationandcontrol.

Planningisthebasicinitialfunctionwhichdeterminesthegoals,tasks,plansandprograms,butalsothestrategicdecisionsandwaysfortheirmostefficientrealization.Initsessence,thegoalofplanningistoforecastthefutureevents（thosethatcanbeactedupon;thosethatcanbepartiallyacteduponandthosewhichcanbeacteduponindistantfuture）.

Organizationasafunctionororganizationalsystemwiththeappropriatestructuralelements,whichiscapabletorealize,inanoptimalway,theplannedgoalsandtasks,formedbytheplanning.

Coordinationasafunctionessence,itcanberegardedastheoperationalmanagementwhenperformingorputtingintopracticetheplannedgoalsandtasks.

Controlasafunctionthebasisoftheactionoftheorganizationalsystem,bytherealizationoftheadopteddecisions,goals,tasks.Itcontrolstheregularityofusageorconsumptionoftheengagedresources,labor,finances,soitisregardedatthesametimeasameansoffeedbackrecording,andofcollectinginformationimportantforthedecisionmakingprocess.

Managementofcivilengineeringprojectscan-technicalbutalsosocial.

Asuccessfulmanagementofcivilengineeringprojectsrealizationrequiresknowledgeofthecivilengineeringproduction,itscomplexityandspecificsinrespecttootherkindsofproduction.Thebasicspecificsofthecivilengineeringproductionreflectinuniquenessandcharacterofwork;inkindanddimensionsofcivilengineeringbuildingsregardedastheresultsofwork;inthefinalproductsbeinginseparatefromthelocation;intheuniversalityandmobilityofthecapacities;intheactionofvariableclimate-meteorological,topographic,geological-geomechanical,managementorbuildingconstructionmanagementrequiresmakingtimelyandcorrectdecisionswhichbringaboutintheconditionsofsignificantinstabilityorstochasticcharacterofexecution.Inthiswaytheactionofdestabilizingfactorsisforestalledandthebuildingproductionisincreased;thecapacityareincreased;thequalityofconstructionisimproved;theconstructiontimeisdecreased;theworkingconditionsareimproved;theconstructionworksareincreasinglyautomatizedandmechanizedandtheprofessionalskillsandqualificationlevelsoftheconstructionworkersareenhanced.Attainmentofthesegoalsisonlypossibleifthebuildingconstructionisorga