国际贸易双语课程习题集.docx
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国际贸易双语课程习题集.docx
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国际贸易双语课程习题集
《国际贸易》双语课程
习题集
Chapter1Introduction
1.ImportantConcepts:
Specialization
Exchangerate
Importquota
Exportindustries
Globalization
Relativelyclosedeconomy
Import-competingindustries
2. Choices:
(1)Internationaltransactionsconstituteanextensionofdomestictransactions.Inbothcases,tradeoffersthebenefitsof .
a.specialization b.industrialization c.globalization d.tariff
(2)Thereareafewofthedifferencesbetweendomesticandforeigntrade.WhichoneisNOTincluded?
a.ExchangeRates b.CommercialPolicies c.MarketingConsiderations d.AggregateMeasures
(3)Commoditytradeisnottheonlycomponentofinternationaltransactionsthathasexpandedrapidly.Sodointernational transactions.
a.industrialproducts b.agriculturalproducts c.service d.rawmaterials
3. ReviewQuestions
(1)Distinguishbetween(a)exportindustries,(b)import-competingindustries,and(c)nontradedgoods.Giveexamplesofeach.
(2)JapaneselaborproductivityisroughlythesameasthatoftheUnitedStatesinthemanufacturingsector(higherinsomeindustries,lowerinothers),whiletheUnitedStatesisstillconsiderablymoreproductiveintheservicesector.Butmostservicesarenontraded.SomeanalystshavearguedthatthisposesaproblemfortheUnitedStates,becauseourcomparativeadvantageliesinthingswecannotsellonworldmarkets.Whatiswrongwiththisargument?
(3)Evaluatethestatement,"TheUnitedStatesisaclosedeconomy,henceforeigntradeisofnoconsequencetoit."
Chapter2Internationaltradetheories
1. ImportantConcepts
Comparativeadvantage
Absoluteadvantage
Factorproportions(orendowment)theory
Productcycle
Inter-industrytrade
Intra-industrytrade
Capital-intensiveproducts
Capital-abundantcountry
Monopolisticcompetition
Factorpriceequalization
Leontiefscarce-factorparadox
2. Choices
(1)TheprincipleofcomparativeadvantagewasenunciatedearlyinthenineteenthcenturybytheEnglisheconomist .a.DavidRicardo b.DavidHume c.AdamSmith d.MordechaiE.Kreinin
(2)Whilecomparativeadvantagedeterminesthedirectionoftrade,absoluteadvantage determines andthereforetherelativelivingstandardsofthetwocountries.
a.allocationofresources b.inflation c.thecountry’s
(3)CountryAhasanabsoluteadvantageovercountryBincommodityXifitcanproducethecommoditycheaperistheconceptof______________.
a.comparativeadvantage b.absoluteadvantage
c.relativeadvantage petitiveadvantage
Chapter3Internationaltradepolicies
1. ImportantConcepts
Demandconsideration
Dynamicgainsfromtrade
Country"inisolation"
Anti-inflationarytrade
2. Choices
(1)Japanprimarilyexportsmanufacturedgoods,whileimportingrawmaterialssuchasfoodandoil.FindoutthenegativeimpactionsonJapan'stermsoftradeofthefollowingevents_________.
a.AwarintheMiddleEastdisruptsoilsupply.
b.KoreadevelopstheabilitytoproduceautomobilesthatitcansellinCanadaandtheUnitedStates.
c.U.S.engineersdevelopafusionreactorthatreplacesfossilfuelelectricityplants.
d.AharvestfailureinRussia.
e.AreductioninJapan'stariffsonimportedbeefandcitrusfruit.
(2)Anationalgovernmentcanintroduceavarietyofrestrictionsuponinternationaltransactionsthatcannotbeimposedondomestictransactions.Thesecouldinclude .
a.differentdomesticpolicies b.voluntaryexportrestraint c.statisticaldata d.relativeimmobilityofproductivefactors
3. ReviewQuestions
Whatismeantbystrategictradepolicy?
Whatareitslimitations?
Howcanexportsubsidiesbringaboutanincreaseintheshareofglobalprofitsobtainedby“our”firms?
Chapter4Tariffs
1. ImportantConcepts
Tariffprotection
Advaloremtariff
Specifictariff
Effectivetariff
2. Choices
(1)WhichoneisNOTthetypeoftariff?
a.advaloremtariff b.specifictariff c.exporttariff d.compoundduty
(2)Therule,whichguardsagainstdiscriminationininternationaltrade,isknownas .
a.WTO b.MFN c.GATT d.IMF
(3)Theeliminationoftariffinacustomsunionwillcausetheeffectof___________.
a.tradeimprovement b.tradediversion
c.tradecreation d.tradecompetation
(4)Atariffrateishighenoughtokeepoutallimportsoftheproductwhichwecall__________.
a.revenuetariff b.prohibitivetariff
c.protectivetariff d.specifictariff
Chapter5Non-tariffTradeBarriersandtheNewProtectionism
1. ImportantConcepts
Importquotas
Quotarents
Qualityupgrading
Dumping
Antidumpingduty
2. Choices
(1) setsanabsolutelimitonthequantityofaproductthatmayenterthecountry.
a.Anexportquota b.Animportquota c.Tariff d.Voluntaryexportrestraints
(2)Internationaltradeincertainprimarycommodities(namelyrawmaterialsoragriculturalproducts)isgovernedby .
a.WTO b.EU c.OECD d.ICAs
(3)Itiscustomarytodistinguishamongthreetypesofdumping.WhichonedoesNOTbelongtothose?
a.anti-dumping b.sporadicdumping c.predatorydumping d.persistentdumping
(4)Acountrysetsanabsolutelimitonthequantityofaproductthatmayenteritistheconceptof______________.
a.quotarents b.indirecttaxes
c.auctioningimportlicense d.importquotas
3. ReviewQuestions
(1)Evaluatethefollowingstatements:
a.Asinstrumentsofprotectiongo,atariffislessharmfultoacountrythananquota,andaquotaislessharmfulthanaVER.
b.Protectionisanexpensiveandinefficientwaytocreatejobs.
c.InternationalcommodityagreementsconstitutethebestwayofhelpingLDCscombattheeffectofviolentpricefluctuationsontheireconomies.
d.TheMultifibreAgrementrepresentsanexcellentwaytoorganizeinternationaltrade.Weshouldapplyittosteelandotherindustries.
(2)"Importquotasoncapital-intensiveindustrialgoodsandsubsidiesfortheimportofcapitalequipmentweremeanttocreatemanufacturingjobsinmanydevelopingcountries.Unfortunately,theyhaveprobablyhelpedcreatetheurban
Chapter6EconomicIntegrationandWTO
1.Explainthefollowingterms:
Tradecreationofacustomsunion.
Tradediversionofacustomsunion.
2.WhataretheconflictsbetweentheWTOandtheenvironmentalmovement?
3.Choices
(1)Internationalandregionalforumsfortradeandfinancialnegotiationincludesomeorganizationsexcept .
a.WTO b.EU c.WorldBank d.OECD
(2)Whatisuniqueaboutinrernationaleconomics____________.
a.exchangerates b.relativeimmobilityofproductivefactors
c.marketingconsiderations d.commercialpolicies
(3)WhichofthefollowingactionswouldbelegalunderGATT___________.
a.AU.S.tariffof20percentagainstanycountrythatexportsmorethantwiceasmuchtotheUnitedStatesasitimportsinreturn.
b.AsubsidytoU.S.wheatexports,aimedatrecapturingsomeofthemarketslosttotheEuropeanUnion.
c.AU.S.tariffonCanadianlumberexports,notmatchedbyequivalentreductionsonothertariffs.
d.ACanadiantaxonlumberexports,agreedtoatthedemandoftheUnitedStatestoplacateU.S.lumberproducers.
e.Aprogramofsubsidizedresearchanddevelopmentinareasrelatedtohightechnologygoodssuchaselectronicsandsemiconductors.
f.Specialgovernmentassistanceforworkerswholosetheirjobsbecauseofimportcompetition.
Chapter7InternationalTradeandE-Commerce
1.Whatistheprocessofe-commerce?
2.Brieflyreviewthekeyinnovationsthatculminatedinthedigitalrevolution.Whatisthebasictechnologicalprocessthatmadetherevolutionpossible?
3.Whatisconvergence?
HowisconvergenceaffectingSony?
Kodak?
Nokia?
4.Whatistheinnovator'sdilemma?
Whatisthedifferencebetweensustainingtechnologyanddisruptivetechnology?
BrieflyreviewChristensen'sfiveprinciplesofdisruptiveinnovation.
5.Whatkeyissuesmustbeaddressedbyglobalcompaniesthatengageine-commerce?
6.WhatisthemeaningofDFI?
Listsomeofthefactorsthatinducecompaniestoinvestabroad.
Chapter8procedureofinternationaltrade
1.Pleaselistatleastthreeessentialconstituentsofadefiniteoffer.
2.Accordingtothetext,whatcharacteristicsdoesanindefiniteofferhave?
3.Pleasebrieflydescribetheexportprocess.
4.WhyisitofgreatimportancefortheexportertochecktheL/CagainstthesalescontractsverycarefullyafterreceivingtheL/C?
5.Whatdocumentsshouldusuallybesubmittedwhennegotiatingthroughthebank?
6.Pleasebrieflydescribetheimportprocess.
7.WhyistheshippingadvicesoimportantonCFR?
8.Whatinformationshouldbeincludedinapackinglist?
9.Pleaselistatleastsixkindsofdocumentsusedininternationaltrade?
10.WhatarethemajorfunctionsofanB/L
11.Whatarethecontentsandfunctionsofcommercialinvoice?
12.Whatisthefunctionofdocumentationinexportandimportpractices?
Chapter9InternationalTradeTerms
1.What’stradeterms?
2.PleasebrieflydescribethethirteentradetermsinIncoterms2000.
3.WhataretheobligationsofthebuyerunderthetermsofCIF,FOBandCFR?
4.WhataretheobligationsofthesellerunderthetermsofFCA,CPTandCIP?
5.Whichtradetermissuitabletoinlandwaterwayandoceanictransportation?
6.Pleasebrieflydescribethreeinternationaltradepractices.
7.Pleasedescribetheformationdomesticexpensesandforeignexpenses.
8.PleaselistatleastfourderivedformsofCFR.
9.What’sthemeaningofmainfreight?
10.What’sdifference
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