考研英语1doc.docx
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考研英语1doc.docx
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考研英语1doc
考研英语-1
(总分:
100.00,做题时间:
90分钟)
一、{{B}}SectionⅠUseo(总题数:
1,分数:
10.00)
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.
IntheUnitedStates,olderpeoplerarelylivewiththeiradultchildren.Butinmanyothercultureschildrenareexpectedtocare{{U}}{{U}}1{{/U}}{{/U}}theiragedparents.InsomepartsofItaly,thepercentageofadultchildrenwho{{U}}{{U}}2{{/U}}{{/U}}withtheirparents{{U}}{{U}}3{{/U}}{{/U}}65to70percent.InThailand,too,childrenareexpectedtotakecareoftheirelderlyparents;fewThaielderlylive{{U}}{{U}}4{{/U}}{{/U}}.Whatexplainsthesedifferencesinlivingarrangements{{U}}{{U}}5{{/U}}{{/U}}cultures?
Modernizationtheory{{U}}{{U}}6{{/U}}{{/U}}theextendedfamilyhouseholdtolowlevelsofeconomicdevelopment.Intraditionalsocieties,theelderlylivewiththeirchildreninlargeextendedfamilyunitsforeconomicreasons.Butwithmodernization,childrenmovetourbanareas,leavingoldpeople{{U}}{{U}}7{{/U}}{{/U}}in{{U}}{{U}}8{{/U}}{{/U}}ruralareas.YetmodernizationtheorycannotexplainwhyextendedfamilyhouseholdswerenevercommonintheUnitedStatesorEngland,orwhyfamiliesinItaly,whichisfullymodernized,{{U}}{{U}}9{{/U}}{{/U}}astrongtraditionofintergenerationalliving.Clearly,economicdevelopmentalonecannotexplain{{U}}{{U}}10{{/U}}{{/U}}livingarrangements.Anothertheoryassociatedintergenerationallivingarrangementswithinheritancepatterns.Insomecultures,thestemfamilypatternofinheritance{{U}}{{U}}11{{/U}}{{/U}}.{{U}}{{U}}12{{/U}}{{/U}}thissystem,parentslivewithamarriedchild,usuallytheoldestson,whothen{{U}}{{U}}13{{/U}}{{/U}}theirpropertywhentheydie.ThestemfamilysystemwasoncecommoninJapan,butchangesininheritancelaws,{{U}}{{U}}14{{/U}}{{/U}}broadersocialchangesbrought{{U}}{{U}}15{{/U}}{{/U}}byindustrializationandurbanization,have{{U}}{{U}}16{{/U}}{{/U}}the{{U}}{{U}}17{{/U}}{{/U}}.In1960about80percentofJapaneseover65livedwiththeirchildren;by1990only60percentdid-afigurethatisstillhigh{{U}}{{U}}18{{/U}}{{/U}}U.S.standards,butwhichhasbeen{{U}}{{U}}19{{/U}}{{/U}}steadily.InKorea,too,traditionallivingarrangementsare{{U}}{{U}}20{{/U}}{{/U}}:
thepercentageofagedKoreanswholivewithasondeclinedfrom77percentin1984to50percentjust10yearslater.AlthoughmostelderlyKoreansstillexpecttolivewithason,theiradultchildrendonotexpecttolivewiththeirchildrenwhentheygrowold.(分数:
10.00)
(1).
∙A.about
∙B.after
∙C.for
∙D.over
(分数:
0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(2).
∙A.reside
∙B.recite
∙C.redeem
∙D.rebel
(分数:
0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(3).
∙A.amasses
∙B.amounts
∙C.attains
∙D.reaches
(分数:
0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(4).
∙A.lone
∙B.alone
∙C.lonesome
∙D.lonely
(分数:
0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(5).
∙A.over
∙B.across
∙C.within
∙D.above
(分数:
0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(6).
∙A.associated
∙B.linked
∙C.united
∙D.combined
(分数:
0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(7).
∙A.aside
∙B.after
∙C.over
∙D.behind
(分数:
0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(8).
∙A.isolated
∙B.segregated
∙C.idealized
∙D.secluded
(分数:
0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(9).
∙A.maintain
∙B.promote
∙C.reserve
∙D.support
(分数:
0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(10).
∙A.appointed
∙B.assigned
∙C.preserved
∙D.preferred
(分数:
0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(11).
∙A.controls
∙B.overtakes
∙C.predominates
∙D.overwhelms
(分数:
0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(12).
∙A.at
∙B.under
∙C.by
∙D.over
(分数:
0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(13).
∙A.delivers
∙B.conveys
∙C.conceives
∙D.inherits
(分数:
0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(14).
∙A.aswellas
∙B.mightaswell
∙C.aswell
∙D.wellas
(分数:
0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(15).
∙A.off
∙B.up
∙C.around
∙D.about
(分数:
0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(16).
∙A.undermined
∙B.decreased
∙C.diminished
∙D.defeated
(分数:
0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(17).
∙A.authority
∙B.usage
∙C.habit
∙D.tradition
(分数:
0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(18).
∙A.by
∙B.on
∙C.with
∙D.in
(分数:
0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(19).
∙A.inclining
∙B.reclining
∙C.declining
∙D.reducing
(分数:
0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(20).
∙A.receding
∙B.removing
∙C.invading
∙D.eroding
(分数:
0.50)
A.
B.
C.
D.
二、{{B}}SectionⅡReadi(总题数:
0,分数:
0.00)
三、{{B}}PartA{{/B}}(总题数:
0,分数:
0.00)
四、{{B}}Text1{{/B}}(总题数:
1,分数:
10.00)
Whileit'seasytogetsweptupinthecommercialismatmajorsportsevents,oneshouldn'tignorethetransformativecapacityofsporttoproducesocialchange.Historically,thepotentialforsportsliesnotwiththevaluestheypromote,sincetheyareinvariablyunjustanduneven.Instead,thepossibilitiesthatexistwithinsportsarethosethatbridgedividesbetweensocietieswithradicallydifferentviewsoftheworld.
Theconceptofan"OlympicTruce"isnoteworthyintermsofrecognisingtheroleofinternationalnon-governmentalorganizations(NGOs)ininfluencingandbrokeringinternationalrelations.AnOlympicTrucewaslaunchedonJanuary24,1994fortheperiodoftheLillehammerWinterGamesinanattempttoresolvetheconflictinYugoslavia.ThisOlympicTruceinvolvedrepresentativesfromtheWorldHealthOrganisation(WHO),UNICEF,theRedCross,theUNHighCommissionerforRefugees,andtheNorwegianGovernment.Thesegroupsevacuatedcoaches,athletes,andmembersofthenationalOlympiccommitteefromSarajevosothattheycouldcompeteintheGames.
ManyAfricanrunnershaveprovidedanexhilaratingspectacleforglobalaudiences.MariaMutola,theMozambicanformerOlympicandfive-timeworldindoor800mchampionandworldrecordholder,routinelysendstrackwinningsbacktohercountry.Chamanchulo,thesuburbofMaputoinwhichMutolagrewup,isravagedbyHIV,passedoninchildbirthorbreastmilkto40percentofthechildren.In2003whenMutolabecamethefirstathletetocollect$1millionforoutrightvictoryontheGoldenLeagueAthleticGrandPrixCircuit,partofthecashwenttothefoundationsheendowedtohelpprovidescholarships,clothing,education,andcoachingforyoungathletes.Farmsandsmallbusinesseshaveoftenbeensustainedbyherwinningsonthecircuit,whichhavepurchasedtractors,fertilizer,andequipmenttodrillsmallwells.
CatherineAstridSalomeFreemanbecamethefirstAboriginaltorepresentAustraliaattheOlympics,atBarcelonain1992andbecameitsfirstworldchampionandfirstOlympicchampion.IndoingsoshebecameasymbolforreconciliationbetweenablackandwhiteAustralia.Hergrandmother,AliceSibley,wasoneofthemembersoftheso-called"stolengeneration."Shewastakenfromherparentsattheageofeightbyareviled1950sAustraliangovernmentpolicythatremovedAboriginalchildrenremovedfromtheirparentsandresettledthemwithwhitefamilies.HerOlympicsuccesshasperhapshelpedtochangethefaceofprejudice,almostataboosubjectinamodernAustralia.SheherselfhadbecomeperhapsoneofAustralia'sgreatestsportingiconsbutalsoasymbolofthestrugglethataboriginalAustralianshadtoendureinordertowinsocial,civil,andpoliticalrights.(分数:
10.00)
(1).Fromthefirstparagraph,weknowthatthepassageisgoingtocenterontheroleofsportsto______.
∙A.spreadvalues
∙B.causesocialchanges
∙C.createdifferentviews
∙D.promotecommercialism
(分数:
2.00)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(2).TheexampleofYugoslaviaisquotedinparagraph2toshowthatsportscan______.
∙A.provideaids
∙B.assistNGOdevelopment
∙C.supportpeacebuilding
∙D.promoteinternationalism
(分数:
2.00)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(3).TheexampleofMariaMutolaisusedtoprovethat______.
∙A.peoplefromunderdevelopedregionscanalsowinchampionshipswithduehelp
∙B.manypeoplelikehercanprovidehopeforotherpeople
∙C.successwillbringwithitfinancialbenefits
∙D.victorywillcomeoneafteranotheronceitgetsstarted
(分数:
2.00)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(4).Theword"reconciliation"mostprobablymeans______.
∙A.thereestablishingofcordialrelations
∙B.theprocessofseparating
∙C.theregainingofasocialstatue
∙D.theformationofcertainsocialvalues
(分数:
2.00)
A.
B.
C.
D.
(5).Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatin1950s,______.
∙A.childrenfromaboriginalfamiliescannotgotothesameschoolwithotherchildren
∙B.aboriginalchildrenhavetoleavetheirownfamilieswhentheyreachacertainage
∙C.aboriginalchildrencannotvisitwhitefamilies
∙D.alltheaboriginalpeoplehavenorightsatall
(分数:
2.00)
A.
B.
C.
D.
五、{{B}}Text2{{/B}}(总题数:
1,分数:
10.00)
Self-esteemisthecollectionofbeliefsorfeelingswehaveaboutourselves,our"self-perceptions."Howwedefineourselvesinfluencesourmotivations,attitudes,andbehaviorsandaffectsouremotionaladjustment.
Patternsofself-esteemstartveryearlyinlife.Forexample,a{{U}}toddler{{/U}}whoreachesamilestoneexperiencesasenseofaccomplishmentthatbolstersself-esteem.Learningtorolloverafterdozensofunsuccessfulattemptsteachesababya"can-do"attitude.
Theconceptofsuccessfollowingpersistencestartsearly.Askidstry,fail,tryagain,failagain,andthenfinallysucceed,theydevelopideasabouttheirowncapabilities.Atthesametime,they'recreatingaself-conceptbasedoninteractionswithotherpeople.Thisiswhyparentalinvolvementisimportanttohelpingkidsformaccurate,healthyself-perceptions.
Self-esteemfluctuatesaskidsgrow.It'sfrequentlychangedandfine-tuned,becauseitisaffectedbyachild'sex
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