大学英语全新版第四册.docx
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大学英语全新版第四册.docx
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大学英语全新版第四册
大学英语全新版第四册
UnitOneFightingWiththeForcesofNature
Objectives
Studentswillbeableto:
1.Developreadingskills—graspthemainidea(Theelementsofnaturemustbereckonedwithinanymilitarycampaign)andstructure;
2.Developwritingskills—learntoprovideevidencewhenyouarewritinganessay;
3.Learnthelanguage—masterthekeylanguagepointsandgrammaticalstructuresinthetext;
4.Integratethefourskills—conductaseriesofreading,listening,speakingandwritingactivitiesrelatedtothethemeoftheunit.
TimeAllotment
Wedevote8teachingperiods(plus2periodsofafter-classstudents’autonomouslearningintheSelf-AccessCenter)tocoverUnit1,whichinclude:
Time
WhatIstoBeDone
Tasks/Activities
2periods
1.ListeningandSpeakingCourseintheSAC;
2.RevisionExx.ofUnit1
Ss’autonomouslearningwithUnitsofQinghuatextbooksIII&IV
2periods
1.Ss’understandingthemainideasineachpartofTextAandthetextstructure;
2.Ss’masteryofthekeylanguagepointsinthetext;
(Inmultimediaroom,bigclass)
1.Presentationofthecoursewareofthetext;
2.Discussion:
Manornature,whichismorepowerful?
2periods
1.Sspresentation:
topicsoftheirowninterests;
2.Ss’furtherunderstandingofTextA;
3.Ss’summaryofTextB:
Gamblingwiththeforcesofnature.
(Insmallclass)
1.3Ssmakingpreparedspeeches;
2.PresentationofcoursewareforSstounderstandsomedifficultsentencesinTextA;
3.Discussionandsummary:
Theelementsofnaturemustbereckonedwithinanymilitarycampaign.
2periods
1.Developingwritingskill;
2.Developingreadingskillofskimming&scanningformainideaandspecificdetails.
(Insmallclass)
1.Paragraphdevelopment:
waystoprovideevidence;
2.SupplementaryexerciseforSstopracticeskimming&scanning.
2periods
2after-class-periodsofstudents’autonomouslearningintheSelf-AccessCenter
1.Reviewwhathasbeenlearnedinclasswithlearningresources;
2.MakeupforwhatSsbelieveastheirweakpointsinthefourskills;
3.ReinforceSslisteningskills.
TextATheIcyDefender
NilaB.Smith
CulturalBackground
1.NapoleonBonaparte(1769-1821)
EmperoroftheFrench,whoconsolidatedandinstitutionalized(使制度化)manyreformsoftheFrenchRevolution.Oneofthegreatestmilitarycommandersofalltime,heconqueredthelargerpartofEurope.
During1802-1815NapoleontriedtogaincontrolofthewholeofEurope.HehadgreatsuccessagainstallhisenemiesexceptBritain,whosenavyunderNelsondefeatedtheFrenchnavyattheBattleofTrafalgarin1805,andwhosearmyfoughtthePeninsularWaragainsthimfrom1808to1814,makinghimweakerinhisothercampaigns.In1812NapoleonlosthalfamillionmenwhenheinvadedRussiainwinter,andin1814theBritish,Russians,PrussiansandAustriansenteredParis.TheysentNapoleontoruletheislandofElbaintheMediterranean,buthecollectedanarmyaroundhimandreturnedtoParis.Hewassoondefeatedagain,attheBattleofWaterlooin1815,andwassenttotheislandofSt.HelenainthesouthAtlantic,wherehediedin1821.
2.AdolfHitler(1889?
-1945)
Germanpoliticalandmilitaryleaderandoneofthe20thcentury’smostpowerfuldictators.HeconvertedGermanyintoafullymilitarizedsocietyandlaunchedWorldWarIIin1939.Hehopedtoconquertheworld,andforatimedominatedmostofEuropeandmuchofNorthAfrica.Heinstitutedsterilization(消毒杀菌)andeuthanasia(安乐死)measurestoenforcehisideaofracialpurityamongtheGermanpeopleandslaughteredmillionsofJews,SintiandRoma(Gypsies),Slavicpeoples,andmanyothers,allofwhomheconsideredinferior.
3.AbriefintroductiontoWWII
AdolfHitler’sinvasionofPolandinSeptember,1939ignited(点燃)WorldWarII.Onebyone,Europe’snationsfellbeforeGermany’smechanizedarmies.OnlyBritainheldfirm.WhiletheAllies(同盟国)conferred(协商),treachery(背叛)approachedfromtheEast.OnDecember7th,1941,JapaneseplanesattackedPearlHarbor.Thenextday,theUnitedStatesenteredthewar.Fightingcontinuedforalmostfourmoreyears,spreadingtoNorthAfricaandthePacific.OnD-Day,June6,1944,AlliedtroopsbegantheliberationofEurope.Withinayear,Germanysurrendered.Tosubdue(使sb屈服)Japan,theUSdroppedatomicatomsonHiroshimaandNagasaki.JapanformallysurrenderedonSept.2,1945.WWIIclaimedmorethan27millionlives.
ClassroomActivities
Discussion:
Manornature,whichismorepowerful?
1)Ssaredividedintotwogroups.Onegrouplistsinstanceswheremanconquersnature;theothergroupcomesupwithcaseswheretheforcesofnaturearetoopowerfultoberesisted.
2)SeveralSsfrombothgroupsreporttheirrespectiveliststoclass;
3)TsolicitsopinionsfromotherSs:
manornature,whichdoyouthinkmorepowerful?
4)Conclusion:
Manchangesnatureinordertolive.However,manmustalsobecarefulnottodisregardthelawsofnature.WhenNapoleonandHitlerfinallyrealizedtheirarrogance,itwastoolate.
TextAnalysis
1.AComparison-and-ContrastAnalysisoftheTwoInvasions
TasksSstoprovideinformationbasedonTextA:
Invadingcountries?
Countryinvaded?
Startingtimeofthetwoinvasions?
Strengthofinvadingforces?
Prediction?
Initialresistancestrategies?
CaptureoftheRussiancapital?
Majorbattles?
Biggestenemyfortheinvadingforces?
Turningpoint?
Fateoftheinvadingforces?
War-starters’fate?
2.Textdivision
TguidesSstoanalyzeTextA.Thetextcanbedividedintofourparts,ascanbeeasilyseenfromthesubtitlesprovidedbytheauthor.
PartOne(Paras1-2):
Introduction—BothNapoleon’sandHitler’smilitarycampaignsfailedbecauseoftheseverityoftheRussianwinter.
PartTwo(Paras3-11):
Napoleon’smilitarycampaignagainstRussia
PartThree(Paras12-20):
Hitler’smilitarycampaignagainsttheSovietUnion
PartFour(Para21):
Conclusion—Theelementsofnaturemustbereckonedwithinanymilitarycampaign.
LanguageStudy
1.inthecaseof:
asfaras…isconcerned
Theriseininterestratewillbedisastrousinthecaseofsmallfirms.
2.stand/get/beintheway:
preventfromdoingsth.
Sarahasmadeuphermindthatherleisureinterestshouldnevergetinthewayofhercareer.
Idon’tthinkkidshaveasmuchfunasweusedto.Fiercecompetitionkeepsgettinginthewayoftheirdevelopment.
3.launch:
start;sendsth.onitscourse
OnOctober4,1957,Sovietscientistslaunchedtheworld’sfirstartificialsatellite.
In1941,AdolfHitler,leaderofNaziGermany,launchedanattackagainsttheSovietUnion.
4.be/getboggeddown:
beunabletomakeprogress
Ifyouletyourselfgetboggeddowninhomework,you’llneverfindtimetoreadbooks.
Thelocalgovernmentgotboggeddowninproblemsofhowtohandletheairpollution.
5.engage:
beginfightingwithsb.;takepartinordo;occupyorattractsb’sinterest;etc
Ihavenotimetoengageingossip.
Thecommanderorderedthesoldierstoengagetheenemyimmediately.
Wefailedtoengageanyactivesupportforourproject.
6.crucial:
veryimportant(followedbyto)
Surprisingly,oursoccerteamwonthevictoryinthecrucialfinalgame.
Unityiscrucialtotheefficientoperationofanorganization.
7.takeagamble:
takearisk
Ithinkshe’stakingagambleinvestingallhermoneyinstocks.
Thecompanytookagamblebycuttingthepriceoftheirproducts,anditpaidoff.
8.presson/ahead:
continuedoingsth.inadeterminedway(usedinthepattern:
presson/aheadwithsth.)
Despitefierceopposition,thegovernmentispressingonwithitscampaigntoeliminatecorruption.
9.bideone’stime:
waitpatientlyforachance
Hispoliticalrivalsarebidingtheirtimeforanattackonhispolicies.
10.dragon:
moveslowlyandwitheffort;continueendlesslyandtediously
Howmuchlongeristhemeetinggoingtodragon?
11.stroke:
anyofaseriesofrepeatedmovements;blow
Isawachanceofsolvingallmyproblemsatastroke.
Byastrokeofgoodluck,Tom,whohadbeenburiedintherubbleformorethan26hours,cameoutalive.
12.atthecostof:
withthelossof
Thesoldiersavedthegirlatthecostofhisownlife.
Thelocalgovernmentdevelopeditseconomybutatthecostofenvironment.
13.catchsb.offguard:
takesb.bysurprise
Thereporter’squestioncaughttheforeignministeroffguard.
Theinvitationtohisweddingcaughtmeoffguard.
14.instruct:
giveordersordirectionstosb.(usedinthepatterns:
instructsb.todosth.;instructsb.that);teachsb.(usedinthepattern:
instructsb.in/onsth.)
Myparentsinstructedmetostartearly.
Theprofessorinstructedusthatwehadonemonthtoconducttheproject.
Heinstructedfamilymembersinnursingtechniques.
15.render:
causetobeinaspecifiedcondition(sameasmake)
Hundredsofpeoplewererenderedhomelessbytheflood.
Hewasrenderedunconsciousbyablowonthebackoftheneck.
16.bringtoahalt:
stopcompletely
Productioninmanyfactorieshasbeenbroughttoahaltbythedelayedarrivalofrawmaterials.
17.turnthetide(against):
changewhatlookslikedefeatintovictory
SovietvictoryinStalingradturnedthetideofthewarinEurope.
18.thanksto:
becauseof
Thankstoherfinancialsupport,thetwochildrenintheremotevillagecouldgotoschool.
Thankstotheirtirelessefforts,theperformancewasagreatsuccess.
19.reckon:
count;consider;think
Manypeoplereckonhimtobeagreatfootballplayer.
reckonwith:
take…intoconsideration
Alltheseproblemshadtobereckonedwithastheyarose.
20.toll:
thenumberofpeopleoranimalskilledorinjuredinparticularcircumstances;moneypaidfortheuseofabridgeorroad
Thetollofroaddeathsandinjuriesiso
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