届二轮复习书面表达写作指导之四议论文三种类型.docx
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届二轮复习书面表达写作指导之四议论文三种类型.docx
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届二轮复习书面表达写作指导之四议论文三种类型
2020届二轮复习书面表达写作指导之四:
议论文三种类型
正反观点型
一、文章结构
1.开头:
提出问题;
2.主体:
陈述不同的观点及其理由;
3.结尾:
说明自己的观点。
二、段落框架
1.第一段开门见山,提出主题(1-2句)
(1)Wehadaheateddiscussionabout/on...
(2)Differentpeopleholddifferentopinions.
(3)Opinionsaredivided...
(4)Peoplehavetaken/adopteddifferentattitudestowards...
(5)Peoplehavedifferentopinionsonthisproblem.
(6)Peopletakedifferentviewsonthisquestion.
2.第二段表达不同观点
(1)...ofthemholdtheopinionthat...
(2)...ofthemareinfavoroftheideathat...
(3)Peoplewhoarefor/againsttheideathinkthat...
(4)Somepeoplebelievethat...Othersarguethat...
(5)However,...ofthemholdadifferentview./...ofthemholdtheoppositeopinion.
(6)However,eachcoinhastwosides.
(7)Differentfromthose...,peoplethink...
(8)Ontheotherhand,peopleobjectthat...
3.第三段说明自己的观点
(1)AsfarasIamconcerned...
(2)Inmyopinion...
(3)It’smyopinionthat...
(4)Inaword,onlythrough...canwehaveabrightfuture.
三、写作模板
1.导入主题
Thereisawidespreadconcernovertheissuethat(某个主题,需以句子形式呈现).Butitiswellknownthattheopinionsconcerningthishottopicvaryfrompersontoperson.
2.正方观点
Amajorityofpeopleapproveoftheopinionthat(正方观点).Fromtheirpointofview,therearetwofactorscontributingtothisattitude,whichareasfollows:
inthefirstplace,(原因一).Furthermore,(原因二).
3.反方观点
Onthecontrary,somepeopledifferintheiropinionsonthismatter.Theyholdtheviewthat(反方观点).Ontheonehand,(原因一).Ontheotherhand,(原因二).
4.阐明个人看法
AsfarasIamconcerned,Ithinkweshouldtakeimmediatemeasuresto(个人观点).Firstofall,.Inaddition,.Onlyinthiswaycanwe.
经典语篇
假设你是李华,举行了一次班会,班会的主题是:
太空探险的意义。
请结合下表内容,用英语给校报写一篇文章,客观地介绍班会上同学们讨论的情况并表达你自己的观点。
赞同的理由反对的理由你自己的观点
1.获得新知识;
2.从太空取得新资源;
3.扩大人类未来的生存空间。
1.耗资巨大;
2.宇航员的安全问题。
……
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.开头已给出,不计入总词数。
OuterSpaceExplorations,YESorNO?
Wehadanargumentoverwhetheritisnecessarytocarryoutouterspaceexplorationsataclassmeetingtheotherday.
佳作欣赏
OuterSpaceExplorations,YESorNO?
Wehadanargumentoverwhetheritisnecessarytocarryoutouterspaceexplorationsataclassmeetingtheotherday.Differentstudentshavedifferentattitudestowardsit.
Someofusthinkitimportanttoresearchtheouterspacebecause,firstofall,peoplecangetabetterunderstandingoftheouterspacethroughtheirexploration.Second,newresourcescanbefoundthereforhumanbeing.Third,thisexplorationcanpossiblybringaboutnewlivingspaceforhumanlifeinthenearfuture.
However,othersarestronglyagainstit.Theybelievethatittakessomuchmoneytodothiskindofexploration,whichisnotworththevalue.Besides,itisverydangerousforastronautstodosuchworkintheouterspace.
Inmyopinion,peopleshouldbepioneering,andthereforesuchexplorationsintotheouterspaceareworthtryingout.
即时训练(2016•陕西兴平西郊高中一模)
假设你是主持人,请你根据以下表格的信息,为以“Shouldwegivemoneytobeggars?
”为题的班会写一个总结。
一些人另一些人
孤寡老人不能自食其力而乞讨;
有些学生因家境贫苦而辍学去乞讨;
有些残疾人只能以乞讨为生。
这么做会助长懒惰。
大部分都是假装的,乞讨只是他们赚钱的一条捷径;
结论:
应该尽力帮助弱势群体,但给钱时一定要慎重。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.文章的开头已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:
弱势群体inferiorgroup
Wehavehadaclassmeetingtodayonwhetherweshouldgivemoneytobeggarsandwehavedifferentopinions.
参考范文
Wehavehadaclassmeetingtodayonwhetherweshouldgivemoneytobeggarsandwehavedifferentopinions.
Somebelievethatweshouldgivemoneytobeggarsbecausesomeofthemareoldpeople,whocan’tliveontheirown.Amongthemarealsosomestudentswhohavedroppedoutofschoolbecausetheirfamiliesaresopoor.Andwecanalsoseesomedisabledpeople,whocanhardlymakealivingduetophysicalormentalinability.
Ontheotherhand,manymorestudentsthinkweshouldn’tgivethemmoneybecausemostofthebeggarsbegnotbecausetheyarepoorbutbecausetheywanttomakemoneymoreeasily.Theyarenotrealbeggars.Besides,togivemoneywouldencouragethemtobelazyeveniftheyhavetheabilitytowork.
Ingeneral,weshouldhelppeopleoftheinferiorgroup.Butweshouldremainsensiblewhengivingmoney.
第13讲 议论文
(2)——利弊对比型
这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状,再对比事物本身的利弊,有时也会单从一个角度(利或弊)出发,最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度(或对事物前景提出预测)。
一、文章结构
1.说明事物现状;
2.事物本身的优缺点(或一方面);
3.你对现状(或前景)的看法。
二、写作模板
Nowadays,thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissuethat)(讨论议题).Infact,therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesin(讨论议题).Generallyspeaking,itiswidelybelievedthatthereareseveralpositiveaspectsasfollows.Firstly,(优点一).Andsecondly,(优点二).
Justasapopularsayinggoes,“Everycoinhastwosides”,(讨论议题)isnoexception,andinotherwords,itstillhasnegativeaspects.Tobeginwith,(缺点一).Inaddition,(缺点二).
Tosumup,weshouldtrytobringtheadvantagesof(讨论议题)intofullplay,andreducethedisadvantagestotheminimumatthesametime.Inthatcase,wewilldefinitelymakebetteruseofthe(讨论议题).
经典语篇
面对中学生“出国热”,社会对此有不同的看法。
请你以“StudyingAbroad”为题,根据下表所提供的信息,谈谈自己的看法。
AdvantagesDisadvantages
1.传播各民族间的不同文化;
2.拓宽视野,学习国外先进的科学技术;
3.良好的语言环境,更利于语言的学习。
1.年纪小,缺乏生活经验,自立能力差;
2.情感孤独,思乡;
3.学习生活费用高。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.开头已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:
媒介,中间人mediator
StudyingAbroad
Inrecentyears,studyingabroadhasbeenpopular.
佳作欣赏
StudyingAbroad
Inrecentyears,studyingabroadhasbeenpopular.TensofthousandsofChinesestudentshavegonetoforeigncountriestostudy.Manypeoplearetryingtheirbesttoapplytogoabroad.Therearemanyadvantagesinattendingschoolsabroad.First,studentswhohavestudiedabroadcanactasmediatorsbetweenpeopleofdifferentcultures.Second,wecanlearnmanymoreadvancedknowledgeofscienceandtechnologyfromforeigncountries.Third,wecanlearnmanyforeignlanguagesmorequickly.
However,therearesomedisadvantages.Mostofthestudentsaretooyoungtolivealonewithoutanylivingexperience.Besides,beingfarawayfromtheirhomecountry,theymayfeellonelyandhomesick.Also,ofcourse,thecostsaremuchhighertherethanthatathome.
Inspiteofthis,advantagesaremorethandisadvantages.Inmyopinion,itisadvisabletoattendschoolsabroad.
即时训练
随着互联网的发展和普及,网络购物在中国也变得越来越普遍了,甚至已经成了我们日常生活中的一部分;相信你们身边一定有不少同学已经通过网络进行购物了,比如淘宝网,京东商城等。
但是网络购物究竟有何利弊呢?
请写一篇短文,谈谈网上购物的好处与坏处。
注意:
词数100左右。
参考范文
WetalkedabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofInternetshoppingthesedays.Somestudentsthinkit’sveryconvenientforustogoshoppingontheInternet.
TheshopsontheInternetforexample,areopenforalmost24hoursadaysowecanbuysomethingwewantatanytimeifwelike.What’smore,weneedn’twaitinaqueue.
However,somestudentsdisagreedwiththem.Wecan’tseethethingswhileweareshopping,sowearenotsurewhethertheyaregoodornot.Besides,wecan’tenjoythehappinessofshoppingwithourfriends.
第14讲 议论文(3)——解决问题型
一、段落框架
第一段:
引出现象,并指出这种现象的后果
常用句型:
(1)Recentlytheriseinproblemof/phenomenonof...hascaused/aroused/capturedpublic/popular/wide/worldwideconcern.
(2)Recentlytheissueoftheproblemof/thephenomenonof...hasbeenbroughtintofocus/hasbeenbroughtintopublicattention.
(3)Nowadays,thereisagrowingconcernabouttheproblem/phenomenonthat...
(4)Nowadays,anincreasingnumberofpeoplecometorealize/beawareoftheimportanceof...
(5)Nowadays,moreandmorepeopleareconcernedabouttheproblemof...
第二段:
提出解决的办法
常用句型:
(1)Weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasurestocopewiththesituation.Foronething,(解决方法一).Foranother,(解决方法二).Finally,(解决方法三).
(2)Itisessentialthatproperaction/effectivemeasuresshouldbetakentoreversethissituation/stopthetrend.
(3)Itishoped/suggestedthatconsiderable/greateffortsshouldbemadeto...
(4)Thereisnoeasy/immediatesolution/approachtotheissueof...but...mightbebeneficial/helpful.
第三段:
总结这样做的好处
常用句型:
Onlyinthiswaycanwe...
二、高考语段
(1)Suchasituationisofgreatconcern.Inmyopinion,overprotectionandtoomuchcareareextremelybadforchildren’sdevelopment.Insteadofdoingeverythingforthem,parentsshouldencouragetheirchildrentoovercomedifficultiesandinspirethemtodevelopbythemselves.Onlyinthiswaycantheygrowuptobeindependentandbecometrulysuccessful.
这样的情况很值得关注。
在我看来,过度保护和太多照顾对孩子们的发展是极其有害的。
父母不应该为他们做一切事情,而是应该鼓励孩子们克服困难,激励他们自我发展。
只有这样他们才能独立成长,真正成功。
(2013•福建)
(2)Butinfact,Ioftendon’tquitefollowmytimetablebecauseofsomereasons.Forexample,playingfootballandwatchingTVtakeupmuchofmysparetime.SoIthinkweshouldhaveourparentsorsomeoneelsesuperviseuseveryday.
但是事实上,出于一些原因我经常不遵照时间表。
例如踢足球和看电视占据了我很多业余时间。
因此我想我们应该让我们的父母或其他人每天监督我们。
(2013•四川)
三、写作模板
Currently,thereisawidespreadconcernover(theissuethat)(讨论议题).Itisreallyanimportantconcerntoeveryoneofus.Asaresult,wemustsparenoefforttotakesomemeasurestosolvethisproblem.
Asweknow,therearemanystepswhichcanbetakentosolvethisproblem.Firstofall,(途径一).Inaddition,anotherwaycontributingtosuccessofsolvingtheproblemis(途径二).
Aboveall,tosolvetheproblemof(讨论议题),weshouldfindanumberofvariousways.ButasfarasIamconcerned,Iwouldprefertosolvetheprobleminthisway,thatistosay,(自己的方法).
经典语篇
请就学生目前过重的课业负担写一篇100词左右的文章。
文章必须包含以下内容:
1.简述学生课业负担过重;
2.造成课业负担过重的原因(至少两个);
3.提出解决办法(至少两个)。
佳作欣赏
Nowadays,studentsareburdenedwithheavyworkloads.Theynotonlyhavetostudyveryhardinthedaytimebutalsostayuplatetofinishtheirhomework.
Therearemanyreasons.Maybethemostimportantoneisthepressuretheymayfaceinthefuture.Ontheotherhand,parentsandteachersexpecttoomuchofthem,becausetheythinknowadaysthesocialcompetitionisveryintense.
Theproblemisbecomingmoreandmoreseriousandit’stimeforustodosomethingtochangethesituation.First,teachersshouldreformtheirclassroomactivitiestomakefulluseofthetimeinclass.Besides,stude
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