英语高考英语阅读理解教育文化基础练习题.docx
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英语高考英语阅读理解教育文化基础练习题.docx
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英语高考英语阅读理解教育文化基础练习题
(英语)高考英语阅读理解(教育文化)基础练习题
一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类
1.阅读理解
Anearthquakeisoneofthemostcommonnaturaldisasters.Itmaycausegreatdamage.Soitiswisetolearnsomesimplesafetytipstoprotectyourselforyourfamilymembers.
Fragileitemslikethosemadeofglassareeasilybrokenandshouldusuallybeplacedonalowersurface,nearthegroundinsteadofplacingtheminthecupboardshigherup.Neverplacethemnearyourbed,sofasandotherfurniturewhereyouwouldbesittingorlyingdown.Whenthereisastrongmovement,thesepieceswillfallonthefloordirectlyandnotonyou.
Thereisastrongchanceofshortcircuits(短路)andfireduringanearthquake.Makesureyouturnoffelectricalconnectionsandgasimmediatelywhenanearthquakehappens.
Duringanearthquake,liebeneathanobjectthatisnoteasilydamaged.Donotgonearobjectsthatcoulddirectlyfallonyou.Neverusetheelevatortogodown.Stayinsideuntiltheshakingstopsanditissafetogooutside.Researchhasshownthatmostinjurieshappenwhenpeopleinsidebuildingstrytogoout.Usethestaircasesatalltimes.
Ifyouareoutdoors,donottakeshelterunderatree,streetlights,electricpolesortallbuildings.Ifyouaredriving,stopyourcarandstayinasafeplace.Donotparkyourcarunderatreeoranytallobject.
Iftrappedindebris(瓦砾堆),coveryourmouthwithahandkerchieforclothing.Taponapipeorthewallsothatrescuers(营救人员)canfindyou.Useawhistle(哨子)ifoneisavailable.Nevershoutforhelp.Shoutingcancauseyoutobreatheindangerousamountsofdust.Donotlightamatchbecauseyoumayburnyourself.Donotmoveaboutorkickupdust.
(1)Thepurposeofthepassageistotellreaders .
A.whattodoinearthquakes
B.howtopreventearthquakes
C.thedamagecausedbyearthquakes
D.therescueworkafterearthquakes
(2)Theunderlinedword"Fragile"inParagraph2probablymeans" ".
A.Easilyfound
B.Expensive
C.Easilybroken
D.Heavy
(3)Duringtheearthquake,peopleareadvisedto .
A.takeshelterunderatree
B.drivetoasafeplacequickly
C.gooutofthebuildingatonce
D.turnoffelectricityandgasimmediately
【答案】
(1)A
(2)C
(3)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文,作者对于如何在地震中保护自己和家人这一问题,给出了一些简单的安全技巧。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“Soitiswisetolearnsomesimplesafetytipstoprotectyourselforyourfamilymembers.”因此,学习一些简单的安全技巧来保护自己和家人是明智的。
可知,这篇文章的目的是告诉读者在地震中该怎么做。
故选A。
(2)考查词义猜测。
根据第二段中的“likethosemadeofglassareeasilybrokenandshouldusuallybeplacedonalowersurface,nearthegroundinsteadofplacingtheminthecupboardshigherup.”像那些玻璃做的容易破碎,通常应放在较低的表面,接近地面,而不是把它们放在较高的碗柜。
可知,“Fragile”的意思是易碎的。
故选C。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“Makesureyouturnoffelectricalconnectionsandgasimmediatelywhenanearthquakehappens.”当地震发生时,一定要立即切断电源和煤气。
可知,地震期间,建议人们立即关掉电和煤气。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查,是一篇教育类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,同时根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Childrenshoulddohousework.That'sacontroversialidea,thoughnoteveryonewilladmitit.Afewparentswilldeclarethattheirchildrenaretoobusyforhousework.Manymoreofusassignhousework,orsaywebelieveinthem,butthehouseworkjustdoesn'tgetdone.
That'saproblem.Forstarters,houseworkisgoodforkids.Beingapartoftheroutineworkofrunningahouseholdhelpschildrendevelopanawarenessoftheneedsofothers,whileatthesametimecontributingtotheiremotionalwell-being.
Onesmallstudy,doneoveraperiodof25years,foundthatthebestpredictorforyoungadultssuccessintheirmid-20swaswhethertheyparticipatedinhouseholdtasksatage3or4.Thoseearlysharedresponsibilitiesextendedtoasenseofresponsibilityinotherareasoftheirlives.
Butforallthattheirhelpmatters,fewkidsaredoingmucharoundthehouseatall.Inasurveyof1,000Americanadults,75percentsaidtheybelievedregularhouseworkmadekids"moreresponsible".Yetwhile82percentreportedhavinghadregularhouseworkgrowingup,only56percentofthosewithchildrensaidtheyrequiredthemtodohousework.
Sportsandhomeworkarenotget-out-of-housework-freecards.Thegoal,afterall,istoraiseadultswhocanbalanceacaringroleintheirfamiliesandcommunitieswithwhateverlifetimeachievementgoalstheychoose.Houseworkteachesthatbalance.
Whatshouldyoudowhengettingchildrentodohousework?
Acceptnoexcuses.Don'tworryifyoumustrepeatyourselfagainandagain.Ifyou'respendingmoretimegettingthechildtodothisjobthanitwouldtaketodoityourself,thenyou'redoingitright.Cananallowancehelp?
Maybe.Butifyou'retryingtoteachkidstosharetheresponsibilityofahome,payingthemforroutinehouseworkisnottherightmessage.
(1)Whatismostparents'problemwithchildrendoinghousework?
A. Theyareagainsttheidea.
B. Theyfailtoputitintopractice.
C. Theydoubtthepossibilityofit.
D. Theyarefindingexcusesfortheirchildren.
(2)Whydoestheauthormentionthesmallstudy?
A. Tostatethereasonsforearlysuccess.
B. Togiveexamplesofsomesuccessfulpeople.
C. Toprovedoinghouseworkisbeneficial.
D. Tosuggestkidstakeresponsibilityfortheirbehavior.
(3)AccordingtothesurveyofAmericanadults,howmanyofthemusedtodohouseworkaschildren?
A.820.
B.560.
C.750.
D.440.
(4)Whydoestheauthorwritethelastparagraph?
A.Tocriticizesomeirresponsibleparents.
B.Todiscusstheimpactofagoodfamilyatmosphere.
C.Toadviseparentstospendmoretimewiththeirkids.
D.Toofferparentssomeadviceonassigningchildrenhousework.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)A
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,作者认为孩子应该分担家务,这不仅有利于培养他们的责任心,而且能提升他们的幸福感。
而且家务能够让孩子在家庭和社区中的关爱角色与他们选择的任何终身成就目标之间取得平衡,文章最后说明一些关于分配孩子做家务的建议。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“Afewparentswilldeclarethattheirchildrenaretoobusyforhousework.Manymoreofusassignhousework,orsaywebelieveinthem,butthehouseworkjustdoesn'tgetdone.”一些父母会说他们的孩子太忙了,没有时间做家务。
我们中更多的人会分配家务,或说我们相信他们,但家务就是做不完。
可知少数家长觉得孩子学业太忙无暇做家务,但多数家长即便认为孩子该做家务,实际生活中也没有很好地付诸实践。
可知对大多数父母来说让孩子做家务存在的问题是他们没有把它付诸实践。
故选B。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的“Thoseearlysharedresponsibilitiesextendedtoasenseofresponsibilityinotherareasoftheirlives.”那些早期共同承担的 责任扩展到了他们生活的其他领域。
可知文章在第二段介绍了孩子做家务的好处,第三段用一项研究具体阐释了第二段的内容。
该研究表明,孩子幼时做家务预示着成年后较早成功,因为做家务过程中培养出的责任感会迁移到生活的其他方面。
可知作者提到研究是为了证明让孩子做家务是有益的。
故选C。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的“Yetwhile82percentreportedhavinghadregularhouseworkgrowingup,only56percentofthosewithchildrensaidtheyrequiredthemtodohousework.”然而,82%的人称自己在成长过程中经常做家务,而只有56%的有孩子的人称自己需要孩子做家务。
可知,参与调查的1000个人中,82%的人说自己成长过程中经常做家务,即有820人小时候做过家务。
故选A。
(4)考查推理判断。
最后一段中的“Whatshouldyoudowhengettingchildrentodohousework?
”要让孩子做家务时你应该做什么?
,是本段的主题句,作者在本段就“如何让孩子参与到家务事中”向家长提供了建议。
可知作者写的最后一段是给父母一些关于分配孩子做家务的建议。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇教育类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Exercisehelpstokeepusingoodhealth.DoctorsattheAmericanHeartAssociationsuggestgettingatleast150minutesofproperphysicalactivityeveryweek.Manypeopleexerciseforafewminuteseverydayoreveryotherday.So,getting150minuteseveryweekiseasy.
Butwhataboutthosetimeswhenyouaresick?
Ifyoudonotfeelwell,shouldyoukeepfollowingyourexercisehabit?
Healthexpertsanswertheseandotherquestions.
EdwardR.LaskowskiisadoctorattheMayoClinic.Heandotherexpertshaveageneralruleofyesaboutexercisingwhenyouaresick. Itisusuallyfinetoexercise,heexplains,ifyoursymptoms(症状)areall"abovetheneck".Thesesignsmayincludearunnynose,ablockednose,sneezingoraminorsorethroat.
GeralynCoopersmithisaphysicalfitnesstrainerwhohaswrittenseveralbooksonexerciseandnutrition.BothCoopersmithandDr.Laskowskisuggesttakingabreakfromexercisingifsignsofyourillnessappear"belowtheneck".Payspecialattentiontosymptomssuchaschestcongestion,extremecoughorpaininthestomach.
Thereareothersymptomsthatcantellyoutoavoidexercise.Theyinclude:
ahigherthannormalbodytemperature,asenseoffeelingextremelytired,andwidespreadmusclepain.
BothCoopersmithandDr.Laskowskisuggestlisteningtoyourbody.Ifyoufeelreallybad,takeabreakandletyourbodyrest.Ifyoudon'tfeeltoobad,theseexpertsbothsuggestreducingtheamountofexercise.Forexample,ifyouusuallyrun,takeaquickwalkinstead.
(1)Howlongshouldpeopledoexercisetokeephealthy?
A.About150minutesperday.
B.Around100minutesperday.
C.Atleast150minutesperweek.
D.Nomorethan100minutesperweek.
(2)WhenwillEdwardR.Laskowskisaynotoexercise?
A.Whenyourleftlegisbroken.
B.Whenyouhavearunnynoses.
C.Whenyouhaveablockednose.
D.Whenyouhaveaminorsorethroat.
(3)Whatisthemeaningof"listeningtoyourbody"inParagraph6?
A.Becarefulwithyourcars.
B.Learntotakeadviceofothers.
C.Payattentiontobodysignals.
D.Listentomusictokeephealthy.
(4)Whatwillthewriterbelikelytoagreewith?
A.Practicemakesperfect.
B.Nothingseek,nothingfind.
C.Putyourheartintoexercise.
D.Actaccordingtoyourabilities.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)A
(3)C
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,锻炼有助于保持身体健康,但是在感觉不适的时候,要看具体情况:
如果病症出现在“颈部以上”的位置,通常可以锻炼;如果病症出现在“颈部以下”,请暂停锻炼。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的"Exercisehelpstokeepusingoodhealth.DoctorsattheAmericanHeartAssociationsuggestgettingatleast150minutesofproperphysicalactivityeveryweek."可知,锻炼有助于保持身体健康,美国心脏协会的医生建议每周至少进行150分钟的适当体育锻炼,因此人们应该每周至少运动150分钟才能保持健康。
故选C。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的“BothCoopersmithandDr.Laskowskisuggesttakingabreakfromexercisingifsignsofyourillnessappear"belowtheneck”可知,库伯史密斯和拉斯科夫斯基博士都建议,如果你的疾病迹象出现在“颈部以下”,就应该暂停锻炼。
因此Edw
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