语法词汇练习.docx
- 文档编号:11626010
- 上传时间:2023-03-29
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:38
- 大小:46.67KB
语法词汇练习.docx
《语法词汇练习.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《语法词汇练习.docx(38页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
语法词汇练习
语法部分
I.动词的时态和语态
一、时态
时态是谓语动词的形式,表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态。
英语的时态共有十六种。
1.现在:
Do/does,Is/am/are+doing,Has/havedone,Has/havebeendoing
2.过去:
Did,Was/weredoing,Haddone,Hadbeendoing
3.将来:
Will/shalldo,Will/shallbedoing,Will/shallhavedone,Will/shallhavebeendoing
4.过去将来:
Would/shoulddo,Would/shouldbedoing,Would/shouldhavedone,Would/shouldhavebeendoing
但其中《大纲》要求的主要有以下十种:
一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、现在完成进行时。
(一)一般现在时
1.表示经常性的动作和状态,常与always,everyday,never,often,usually,sometimes等频度副词连用;说话时人和事物的特性或状态;客观真理等。
Iusuallygotoworkatseveninthemorning.
Isthereanythingwrongwithyou?
Youlookpale.
Theearthmovesroundthesun.
例:
I-------ping-pongquitewell,butIhaven`thadtimetoplaysincethenewyear.
A.willplayB.haveplayedC.playedD.play
答案选D。
本题干后一分句用了转折语气,并用了现在完成时,表示自从新年以来一直没打过乒乓球,由此排除选项A和C。
空格处是指含现在时间在内的广泛意义上的现在时间。
2.表示计划或安排中的动作。
ThetrainleavesforGuangzhouat2:
30p.m.
3.在时间和条件状语从句中,表示一般将来时。
---Whenwillyoucometoseeme,Dad?
---Iwillgotoseeyouwhenyou_______thetrainingcourse.
A.willhavefinishedB.willfinishC.arefinishingD.finish
答案选D
(二)一般过去时
1.表示过去所发生的动作或状态。
MyfriendworkedinBeijingfortwoyears.HewenttoFrancelastyear.
---Youhaven`tsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?
---I`msorryI_______anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkit`sprettyonyou.
A.wasn`tsayingB.don`tsayC.won`tsayD.didn`tsay
答案是D。
2.过去的习惯。
WhenIwasatcollege,Iwenttothelibraryeveryafternoon.
3.先后一连串动作。
Theoldladywenttothemarket,boughtsomevegetablesandwenthome.
4.用于虚拟语气
Itistimewewenthome.
Ifthevisitorsarrivedtomorrow,Iwouldgotomeetthemattheairport.
(三)一般将来时
表示将来要发生的动作或状态,常与表示将来的时间状语连用
1.Will/shall+do
(1)表示预见、意图或用在疑问句中征询听话人的意见。
Hewillbebacksoon.
Ishall/willsendMr.Zhangane-mailtomorrow.
Willyougotothecinemawithme?
It______longbeforewe______theresultoftheexperiment.
A.willnotbe;willknowB.is;willknow
B.C.willnotbe;knowD.is;know
答案选C。
此题考查一般将来时在固定句型中的运用。
(2)表示现在的习惯、需要,预测现在某事可能要发生,或者对将来的事情现在作出决定。
Fishwilldiewithoutwater.
ShallIhelpyou?
Itisteno`clock.Marywillbeinbedbynow.
---Whichdressdoyouwant?
---I`lltaketheredone.
2.其他形式:
(2)begoingto+do表示计划、安排,或“最近将来”要发生的事情,还可以描述根据某种迹象表明将要发生的事情。
Wearegoingtohaveapartythisevening.
Lookattheclouds.It`sgoingtorain.
(2)be+doing表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。
IamleavingforLondontomorrow.
(3)be+todo表示按计划安排即将发生的动作;表示命令、禁止或可能性等。
Wearetofinishtheworkbeforefivethisafternoon.
(四)过去将来时
表示相对于过去某一时间将要发生的动作或状态,常用于宾语从句中。
Hewarnedusthatthejourneywouldbeverydangerous.
(五)现在进行时
1.表示说话时正在进行的动作或发生的情况。
Whatisshedoingnow?
2.表示现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的情况。
Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology_____sorapidly.
A.ischangingB.haschangedC.willhavechangedD.willchange
答案选A.
2.表示按计划安排即将发生的动作或状态,通常只限于少数动词。
I`vewonaholidayfortwoweekstoFlorida.I_________mymum.
A.amtakingB.havetakenC.takeD.willhavetaken
答案选A.
(六)过去进行时
表示过去某一时间或某一阶段正在进行的动作。
Radioshadjustbeeninventedthen,andthepeopleweretalkingaboutsendingpicturesbyelectricity.
Iwasattendingameetingthistimeyesterday.
ThereportersaidthattheUFO________fromeasttowestwhenhesawit.
A.wastravelingB.traveledC.hadbeentravelingD.wastotravel
答案选A。
(七)将来进行时
1.表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作
ThistimeonSaturdayIshallbeflyingtoParis.
2.有时可以表示预料不久将要发生的动作,比一般将来时显得客气。
Anewfilmisonatthecinema.Willyoubeseeingit?
(八)现在完成时
1.表示发生在过去但对现在有影响的动作。
IwonderwhyJenny_______usrecently.Weshouldhaveheardfromherbynow.
A.hasn`twrittenB.doesn`twriteC.won`twriteD.hadn`twritten
答案选A。
2.表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在(可能还会继续下去)的动作,常用于延续性动词,多和一段时间状语如since,sofar,forayear,inrecentyears等连用。
3.“This/Itisthefirst/secondtimethat…..”句型中,从句的谓语动词常用现在完成时。
Thisisthethirdtimetheyhaven’tcomefortherubbish.
(九)过去完成时
1.表示过去某一时间以前已完成的动作,常于by,before等引导的时间状语连用。
HehadbeeninthiscollegeforfiveyearsbeforeIcametostudy.
Bytheendoflastmonthwehadlearned2,000Englishwords.
2.在nosooner..than,hardly..when等句型中,主句常用过去完成时,从句则用一般过去时。
NosoonerhadIenteredtheclassroomwhenthebellrung.
3.在时间和条件从句中代替过去将来时。
Thedoctorsaidthepatientwouldsleepdeeplyforabouttwelvehoursuntilthepoisonhadstoppeddoingitsharm.
4.think,hope,intend,mean,expect,want,plan等动词的过去完成时表示过去的愿望,打算,计划等没有实现。
Ihadhopedtovisithim,butIwastoobusy.
这类动词和不定式连用时可以改为“过去式+不定式的完成式”。
Ihopedtohavevisitedhim,butIwastoobusy.
(十)现在完成进行时
表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在,并可能还会继续下去的动作,常与
for,since等引导的时间状语连用。
Ihavebeenworkingatthefactoryfornearlytwentyyears.
历年典型考题与练习
1.Chinawillbethelargestmarketforautomobilesin20to25yearsifthecountry’s
economy______togrowatthecurrentrate.
A.continuesB.hascontinuedC.continuedD.hasbeencontinued
2.WheneverIwenthome,I(bring)____somegiftstomyneighbour.
3.AyoungmanstoodnearbywhileI(read)_______thenewspaper.
4.Overfortyyears(pass)_______sincethebridgewasbuiltinthedistrict.
5.TheChinesepeoplearedoingthingsnoone(do)_______sofar.
6.Thisisoneofthelargestbridgesthat________onthisriver.
A.iseverbuiltB.hasevenbeenbuiltC.waseverbuiltD.haseverbuilt
7.ThisisthefirsttimeI______Englishwithaforeigner.
A.spokeB.speakC.havespokenD.hadspoken
8.Wehopedthatbytheendofthisyearwe_______thejob.
A.hadfinishedB.finishedC.wouldhavefinishedD.willfinish
9.January1st,1997isthehistoricdatewhenBritain(join)________theCommonMarket.
10.Theshortsupplydidn`tmeetthedemandthat(increase)_________rapidly.
11.Sincetheintroductionofthenewtechnique,theproductioncost________greatly.
A.reducesB.isreducedC.isreducingD.hasbeenreduced
12.Ihopethey________thisroadbythetimewecomeback.
A.haverepairedB.willrepairC.aretorepairD.willhaverepaired
13.Intwomonths'timehe(finish)_________histrainingandstartwork.
14.Icouldhavecalledyouyesterday,butI__________yourtelephonenumber.
A.didn`thaveB.won`thaveC.hadn`thadD.wouldn`thave
15.Threenewbuildings_________onthecampusbytheendofthisyear.
A.willbebuiltB.aregoingtobebuiltC.willhavebeenbuiltD.havebeenbuilt
16.Pleasedescribeexactlywhat(happen)_______onthecampuslastnight.
17.Thefootballteamhopedthatthey(win)__________anothergloriousvictorysoon.
18.ThisisthefirsttimeI(see)__________suchaterriblescene.
19.Bythetimeyougettheretomorrow,they_______forBeijing.
A.willhaveleftB.areleavingC.willleaveD.aretoleave
20.ThirtypercentofJane`sincome__________onclothingeveryyear.
A.isspentB.isbeingspentC.hadbeenspentD.hasbeenspent
21.IwonderedwhyNancy(lie)_________aboutherage.
22.MostofthepeoplewhoarevisitingBritain_________aboutthefoodandweatherthere.
A.arealwaystocomplainB.havealwayscomplained
C.alwayscomplainD.willalwayscomplain
23.Hewastoldthatthestranger(wait)_________forhimfortwohours.
24.Hesaid“I______alotofnewwordsbytheendoflastyear.”
A.hadalreadylearntB.wouldhavealreadylearnt
C.havealreadylearntD.alreadylearnt
25.Onhiswayhomehesuddenlyrememberedhe(notlock)__________thedooroftheoffice.
26.Lindafeelsexhaustedbecauseshe________somanyvisitorstoday.
A.hasbeenhavingB.washaving
C.hadbeenhavingD.hadhad
27.Moststudents(take)___________sixtycreditsbythetimetheygraduate.
28.UptillnowI(spend)_____________agreatdealofmoneyonbooks.
29.Inthesefiveyears,thefoundation(collect)__________alargeamountofmoney.
30.Hundredsofjobs_________ifthefactorycloses.
A.loseB.willbelostC.arelostD.willlose
31.Who(sing)_____________inthenextroom?
Thevoiceissonice.
32.We(say)______________enoughonhowtolearnaforeignlanguage.
33.WearegoingtoFloridaassoonaswe(finish)___________takingourfinalexams.
34.Unlesshe(send)_____________themoneybeforeFridayIshallconsultthelawyer.
35.He(cross)_________thestreetwhenhewashitbyacar.
36.Alotofpeoplewerestandingaroundwhenthepolice(arrive)___________.
37.Webeganthetestyesterday,butwe(make)____________preparationslongbefore.
38.Nosoonerhadtheygonetotheplantthanthey(start)_________towork.
39.There(be)__________severalsuchoccurrencesinthepastfewweeks.
40.He(take)________offhishatandbowedpolitelyashepassed.
41.John(go)__________tothedoctor`stodaybecausehefeltill.
42.He(promise)_________methathewouldpaythebillnextweek.
43.Look,thecat(run)________afterthemouse.
44.I(write)_________abookatthemoment.
45.Thesepainterssaythatthey(finish)_______thedownstairsroombyWednesday.
46.IwillgraduateshortlyandreturntomycountrywhereIwillusetheknowledgeI(gain)_______tobuildmyhomeland.
47.Theyfulfilledthetaskassignedbytheirteacherearlierthanthey(expect)_________.
48.Itisraininghard,butbythetimetheclassisover,therain(stop)___________.
49.Ifyou(miss)________thetrain,youwon`tbeabletogetthereontime.
50.Bytheendofthemonth,wesurely(find)_________asatisfactorysolutiontotheproblem.
II.动词语态
语态是动词的一种形式,说明主语和谓语动词之间的关系。
英语中有两种语态:
主动语态和被动语态。
当主语是动作的执行者时,称为主动语态;当主语是动作的承受者时,称为被动语态。
被动语态的一般形式(一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时)经常出现在填空题中,较复杂的如非谓语动词的被动语态、被动语态的完成时和进行时、短语动词的被动语态以及含情态动词的被动语态则多出现在选择题中。
考试中常见句型:
(1)be+动词过去分词
(2)be+being+动词过去分词
(3)have/had+been+动词过去分词
历年典型考题与练习:
1.Whenhearrivedatthehospital,heaskedworrie
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 语法 词汇 练习