全国通用版高考英语三轮冲刺提分练组合练第1练阅读理解+七选五.docx
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全国通用版高考英语三轮冲刺提分练组合练第1练阅读理解+七选五.docx
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全国通用版高考英语三轮冲刺提分练组合练第1练阅读理解+七选五
阅读理解+七选五
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
CakanisasuccessfulbusinessmanfromMontenegro,whohasearnedhimselfnicknames(昵称)like“thebestboss”and“Brother”bybeingsurprisinglygeneroustohisemployees.
Cakan,whoowns“CakanSports”,thelargestsportinggoodsstorechaininMontenegro,hasbeenmakingnewsheadlinesforyears,butnotforhisprofessionalsuccess.Heisbestknownforthegenerosityheshowstohisfaithfulandhardworkingemployees.Thebusinessmanfirmlybelievesthathiscompanycanboomonlyifhekeepshisemployeeshappy,andtothatend,hehasofferedthebestofthemsomeprettyunbelievablepresents.
Cakanfirstsurprisedhisworkersbackin2012,whenheofferedfourofthembrandnewcars—2VWGolf6and2VWpolo—completewithpaidinsurance.TheyweresomeoftheoldestandmosthardworkingemployeesofCakanSports,andsincethecompanyhadrecentlymoveditsoperationsoutsidethecity,Cakanthoughthisbestpeopleshouldn’thavetostruggletogettowork.“Whenwesawthem,wewerespeechless,”Danijela,oneofthereceivers,remembers.“Whilethebosswassaying‘thisisagiftforyou’,allIcouldthinkofwas‘thisisnotreal,thiscan’tbehappeningtous’.”ButthiswasjustoneofthegenerouswaysCakanhasrewardedhisemployeesovertheyears.In2014,afterhearingthatoneofhisworkershadbeensavinguphispaycheckssohecouldbuyatickettotheWorldCupsoccerfinal,inBrazil,hetookhimtherehimself,athisownexpense.
Askedwhyhedoesn’tuseacheapermeansofmotivatinghisemployees,likeasmallraiseoracashbonus,Cakanhadthistosay,“Moneycomesandgoes,butmemoriesareforever.”Askedwhymanyofhisemployeescallhim“Brother”,Cakantoldareporterthatitwasbecause“brothersalwayshelpeachother”.
1.WhatisCakanbestnotedfor?
A.Hisfrequentheadlinenewsforyears.
B.Hisgreatsuccessinhisbusiness.
C.Hisextremegenerositytohisemployees.
D.Hislargestsportinggoodsstorechain.
2.WhydidCakanofferhisfourbestworkersnewcars?
A.Tomakethemtraveltoworkeasily.
B.Torewardtheircreativeideasinwork.
C.Toencouragethemtogettoworkearlier.
D.Tohelpthemreducetrafficexpenses.
3.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.ASmartBusinessman
B.AConsiderateEmployer
C.HardworkingEmployees
D.UnbelievablePresents
B
Whatdoyouusuallydowhenyouhavesomefreetime?
Doyoutakepartinanyformofhobby?
Ifyouranswerisno,thenyoushouldthinktwice.Cultivatingsometypesofinterestorhobbiesmightbetheidealwaytodevelopyourbrainandimproveyourcreativethinking.
Hereisacommonproblemthatmanyolderpeoplehave.Theyhavespentsuchagreatdealoftimeraisingtheirfamilythatoncetheirchildrenaregrownandlefthome,theyallofasuddenstarttoexperiencetheirage.Quiteoften,itisnottheiragethatistheconcern.Itisthefactthattheyareunexpectedlyofferedmoretimeontheirhands.
Whenyouputintoomuchtimenotdoinganything,thiscanaffectyourbrain.Thisisjustwheretheexpression“Ifyoudon’tuseit,youloseit”definitelyisthetruth.Yourmindneedsworkingoutmuchlikeanyothermusclesinyourbody.Thisiswhygettingahobbymatters.Itoffersyousomethingtodoandisaperfectwaytomeetnewpeople.
Enjoyingahobbyisalsoaperfectwaytoimprovecreativethinkingatanyage.Evenyoungchildrencanprofitfromtakinganewhobby.Forretiredpeople,enjoyingahobbywhichtheycanfindentertainmentinwiththeirgrandchildrenwillhelpkeepthemactiveandfeelyoungatheart.
Severalhobbiesthatareterrificforbothyourmindandyourbodyincludeyoga,biking,swimmingandgolf.Ifyouaren’tfondofsports,eventakingawalkregularlyisawonderfulwaytokeepactive.Ithelpsyoutoappreciatefreshsceneryandithasbeensuggestedthatthecolorsgreenandbluehelpmakeyoumorecreative.
Asyoucanseeabove,youcangetprettymuchfromtakingahobby.Withsomanychoiceswaitingforyou,beginyourjourneyrightaway!
4.WhatcanbeimpliedaboutmanyolderpeoplefromParagraph2?
A.Theylackcreativethinking.
B.Theyshoulddeveloptheirbrain.
C.Theyconcernabouttheirage.
D.Theyusedtohavelittlefreetime.
5.Whydoesgettingahobbymatteraccordingtothetext?
A.Itstrengthensone’sbrain.
B.Ithelpsbuildupone’smuscles.
C.Itenablesonetomakefriends.
D.Itimprovesone’slivingconditions.
6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“terrific”inParagraph5probablymean?
A.Specific.B.Disgusting.
C.Wonderful.D.Fundamental.
7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.TryingDifferentHobbies
B.SpendingYourFreeTime
C.ExperiencingYourHobbyNow
D.FeelingYoungatHeart
C
Couldthedevice,smartphoneorPC,whichyouareusingaffectthemoraldecisionsyoumakewhenusingit?
Totestit,researcherspresentedmultipledilemmastoasamplesetof1,010people.Theparticipantswereassignedadeviceatrandom.
Onecaseofthequestionsparticipantswereaskedistheclassic“trolley(有轨电车)problem”:
Arunawaytrolleyisheadedtowards,fivepeopleweretieduponasetoftraintracks.Youcandonothing,resultinginthedeathoffivepeople,orpushamanoffthebridge,whichwillstopthetrolley.Thepracticalresponseistokillonemantosavefivelives,which33.5percentofsmartphoneuserschose,comparedwith22.3percentofPCusers.
“Whatwefoundinourstudyisthatwhenpeopleusedasmartphonetoviewclassicmoralproblems,theyweremorelikelytomakemoreunemotional,reasonabledecisionswhenpresentedwithahighlyemotionaldilemma,”DrAlbertBarqueDuran,theleadauthorofthestudy,toldCity,UniversityofLondon.“ThiscouldbeduetotheincreasedtimepressureoftenpresentwithsmartphonesandalsotheincreasedpsychologicaldistancewhichcanoccurwhenweusesuchdevicescomparedtoPCs.”
Asforwhytheresearchersstartedthisstudy,DrBarqueDurannoted,“Duetothefactthatoursociallives,workandevenshoppingtakeplaceonline,itisimportanttothinkabouthowthecontextswherewetypicallyfacemoraldecisionsandareaskedtoengageinmoralbehaviorhavechanged,andtheimpactthiscouldhaveonthehundredsofmillionsofpeoplewhousesuchdevicesdaily.”It’sclearthatweneedmoreresearchesonhowourdevicesaffectourmoraldecisionmakingbecausewe’reusingscreensataneverincreasingrate.
8.Whydidtheauthormentionthetrolleyproblem?
A.Tointroduceadifficultproblemtoreaders.
B.Tointroducetheaimofcarryingoutthestudy.
C.Toshowanexampleofthequestionsinthestudy.
D.Toshowthedifficultyindealingwithdilemmas.
9.Howdothesmartphoneusersofthestudybehaveindealingwithemotionaldilemmas?
A.Calmly.B.Cruelly.
C.Hesitantly.D.Enthusiastically.
10.DrAlbertbelievesthatcomparedwithPCs,smartphones.
A.helppeoplebearmorepressure
B.helppeoplemakedecisionsquick
C.makepeoplefeelmorementallydistant
D.makepeoplestayhappiertosolveproblems
11.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?
A.Shoppingonlinehasagreateffectonmakingmoraldecisions.
B.ThepeopleusingsmartphonesaremorethanthoseusingPCs.
C.PeoplewhooftenusesmartphonesorPCsalwaysmeetwithdilemmas.
D.Itiscommonforpeopletobeinvolvedinmakingmoraldecisionsindailylife.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2018·湖南郴州第二次质检)
TeenageBrainsintheDigitalWorld
Whenitcomestotechnology,adultswon’tbeabletokeepupwiththeirchildren.Ittooktheradio38yearstoreach50millionpeople,butittookonly20yearsforthephonetoreachthesamenumber,and13yearsforthetelevision.Incontrast,ittookFacebook3.6years.12.
Overthe15years,digitalcommunicationhasbroughtinmorechangesthantheprintingpressdidin1570.Andthosemostlikelytousetheminthisworldareteenagers,whosebrainsappeartohaveanextraordinarycapacitytoadapttotheworldaroundthem.13,enablingteenagerstokeepupwiththeincreasingpaceofdigitaltechnologyandgivingthemanadvantagewhenitcomestomultitasking(多重任务处理).
IntheUS,onaverageteenagersspend8.5hoursadayusingcomputers,mobiles,andotherdevicestolearn,interactandplay.14,suchastalkingonthephonewhileyou’rewatchingTV.Astheystareatthesescreens,they’retakinginandsortingthroughanincredibleamountofinformation.
15.YouTubeindicatesthatteenagersallovertheworldarewatchingthesameclipsandlaughingatthesamejoke,indicatingthattheyaremoreglobalmindedthanteenagersinthepast.Theymaybekeenontextingtheirfriendsandpostingupdatesonsocialmediasites.
16.Bytheageof30,ourbrainswillbecomemoresetintheirways,makingitharderforustoadaptandcopewiththenewtechnology.
A.However,thereisacutoff
B.Twitteronlyneeded88days
C.Thereareconcernsabouthowtomakefriendsonline
D.Thereisanadvantageofthegrowingdigitaltrend
E.Havingamoreflexiblebrainmeanscertainpartsofithaven’tdevelopedyet
F.Thismeansthattheteenagebrainscanadapttonewtechnology
G.Thisincreasesto11.5hoursifyouincludeallthemultitaskingthatgoeson
答案解析
Ⅰ.
1.C [细节理解题。
根据第一段可知,察坎以对员工非常的慷慨而著名。
故答案为C。
]
2.A [细节理解题。
根据第三段第二句中的“Cakanthoughthisbestpeopleshouldn’thavetostruggletogettowork”可知,察坎为他最优秀的员工提供汽车是为了让他们轻松地去上班。
由此可知答案为A。
]
3.B [标题归纳题。
根据第一段及下文内容可知,本文叙述的是一位慷慨、体贴的老板——察坎。
故“AConsiderateEmployer(一位体贴的老板)”作本文标题最佳。
]
语篇解读 文章介绍了业余爱好对老年人的好处:
锻炼脑力、强身健体。
作者呼吁人们马上行动起来。
4.D [推理判断题。
由第二段中的“Theyhavespentsuchagreatdealoftimeraisingtheirfamily...Quiteoften,itisnottheiragethatistheconcern.Itisthefactthattheyareunexpectedlyofferedmoretimeontheirhands.”可知,很多老年人年轻时把时间主要用来养家糊口,年老之后,他们担心的不是变老,而是他们有了过多的可以自由支配的时间。
由此推知,他们原来很少有自由时间。
故D选项正确。
]
5.A [细节理解题。
由第三段中的“Yourmindneedsworkingoutmuchlikeanyothermusclesinyourbody.Thisiswhygettingahobbymatters.”可知,就像你身体的其他部位一样,你的大脑需要锻炼。
这就是业余爱好重要的原因。
可知,业余爱好可以锻炼大脑、增强脑力。
故A选项正确。
]
6.C [词义猜测题。
第三段和第四段主要介绍了业余爱好可以锻炼脑力,同时对身体有好处。
结合选项,该画线单词意思应为C选项:
极好的。
]
7.C [标题归纳题。
文章主要介绍了业余爱好对老年人的好处。
最后一段是总结段。
最后一段提到我们可以从业余爱好中受益。
你可以有很多选择,马上开始吧。
故C项适合做该文标题。
]
语篇解读 本文是一篇科普类文章。
你所使用的手机或电脑设备能否影响你的道德决策?
为此,研究者对1,010位参与者做了研究。
8.C [推理判断题。
根据第二段中的“Onecaseofthequestionsparticipantswereaskedistheclassic‘trolley(有轨电车)problem’”可推断出,作者提到有轨电车问题,只是展示了研究中问题的一个例子。
故选C。
]
9.A [细节理解题。
根据第三段中的“Whatwefoundinourstudyisthatwhenpeopleusedasmartphonetoviewclassicmoralproblems,theyweremorelikelytomakemoreunemotional,reasonabledecisionswhenpresentedwithahighlyemotionaldilemma”可知,面对情感困境,手机使用者能够更冷静地处理。
故选A。
]
10.C [细节理解题。
根据第三段中的“ThiscouldbeduetotheincreasedtimepressureoftenpresentwithsmartphonesandalsotheincreasedpsychologicaldistancewhichcanoccurwhenweusesuchdevicescomparedtoPCs.”可知,与电脑相比,手机更使人感到精神上的疏远。
故选C。
]
11.D [推理判断题。
根据最后一段中的“Duetothefactthatoursociallives,workandevenshoppingtakeplaceonline,itisimportanttothinkabouthowthecontextswherewetypicallyfacemoraldecisionsandareaskedtoengageinmoralbehaviorhavechanged,andtheimpactthiscouldhaveonthehundredsofmillionsofpeoplewhousesuchdevicesdaily.”可知,在日常生活中,人们参与道德决策是很普遍的。
]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读 提及技术,成年人将无法跟上他们的孩子。
本文论述的是数字世界里的青少年大脑。
12.B [根据上文“butit
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