阅读理解专项训练讲义及答案及解析.docx
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阅读理解专项训练讲义及答案及解析.docx
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阅读理解专项训练讲义及答案及解析
阅读理解专项训练(讲义及答案)及解析
一、高考英语阅读理解专项训练
1.阅读理解
It'snosurprisetohearthehonkingofhornsinNewYork.Whoevertrieseverydaytogetmorethanafewminutesofsleepinthemorninginthecitywilltellyouthathecoulddonothingaboutit!
Noonecandenyhonkingofhornsisjustoneofhismostwidelyenjoyedpastimes.
ButAndy,aJapanesewebsitedeveloperhashadenoughofit.Once,the27-year-oldmanapproachedtheopenwindowtowaitforthedrivertofinishhonking,deliveredapolite"excuseme"andthenyelled"Ho-o-o-o-onk!
",whichmeansfierceangerinJapan.Thenhethrewthreeeggsfromthewindowofhisapartmentontoapassingcarhonkingloudlybelowwhenhispatiencewaswornout.Insteadofapologizingtohim,thedriverthreatenedtokillhimangrily.So,nobly,Andyturnedtonon-violence.Hestartedwritinganti-honkinghaikuverses,aformofJapanesepoetry,andsubmittedthemtolocalnewspapers:
Oh.forgetEnron;
Theproblemaroundhereis;Allthedamnhonking(Enron:
amajorAmericancompanythatrecentlycausedascandalbecauseofcorrupt(腐败)mismanagement)
"Thenthiskindofchainreactionstartedhappening,"Andysays."Alltheseotherhaikustartedappearingunexpectedly"Andy'scommunityisnowcoveredinanti-honkingpoetry,writtenbyallwalksoflife.
Patienceslowlyfades;
Residentsstoreuptheireggs;Thatdayiscomingsoon.
It'sunderstandablethatAndyhassetupawebsite—www.honku.org—andnowpeoplefromacrossthecountrysendhimnewsoftheirownanti-honkingactivities.Itseemsthatpoetrycanchangetheworldafterall.Then,justrecently,anti-anti-honkinghaikustartedtoappear,launchedbylocalswhothoughtAndyshouldstopworryingabouthonkingandstartworryingaboutstarvingchildren,orwarintheMiddleEastinstead.Andyhasananswerforthat."Stopmeifthisistooridiculous,"hesays,"buttheytalkabouttheviolenceintheMiddleEastlikeit'saforceofnature,likeit'sbeyondourcontrol.Butactuallyit'skindoflikethehonking-theviolenceisman-made.Ifwecanfigureouthowtostophonkingonthestreets,Ithinkwecouldlearnsomethingsthatwecoulduseonalargescale."
(1)WhatdoesthefirstparagraphintendtotellusaboutNewYorkers?
A. Theyenjoylisteningtothehonkingofhorns.
B. Theirlifehasbeenaffectedbythehonkingnoise.
C. Theygetaccustomedtosleepinglateinthemorning.
D. Theyhaveformedahabitofhonkingwhiledriving.
(2)WhatisAndy'sfinalreactiontothefrequenthonkingofhorns?
A. Pretendedtoignoreit.
B. Screamedatthedriver.
C. Actedinapeacefulway.
D. Complainedtothegovernment.
(3)Accordingtothepassage,mostNewYorkersthinkAndy'sresponseis______.
A. acceptable
B. pointless
C. sensitive
D. abnormal
(4)Facingthecriticismofhisanti-honkingcampaign,Andynotesthat______.
A. ifnothandledwell,honkingwillcauseseriousproblemslikestarvation
B. fierceviolenceintheMiddleEastismoreofanissueworthyofconcern
C. violenceintheworldaswellashonkingonthestreetisunderourcontrol
D. findingthesolutiontoanti-honkingisasmeaningfulasthattostarvation
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)A
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了纽约的汽车喇叭声严重影响了人们的生活,一个日本人对此做出了很大的挣扎,从激烈对抗到写打油诗的非暴力反抗,以及纽约当地人对此的反映。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“It'snosurprisetohearthehonkingofhornsinNewYork.Whoevertrieseverydaytogetmorethanafewminutesofsleepinthemorninginthecitywilltellyouthathecoulddonothingaboutit!
”可知在纽约听到巨大的汽车喇叭声不足为奇,因为这些声音人们想多睡几分钟是不可能的,即汽车喇叭声影响了纽约人的日常生活。
故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“So,nobly,Andyturnedtonon-violence.”可知Andy最后采取了非暴力行为来反抗喇叭噪音。
故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“It'sunderstandablethatAndyhassetupawebsite—www.honku.org—andnowpeoplefromacrossthecountrysendhimnewsoftheirownanti-honkingactivities.”可知Andy建立网站后全国各地的人都给他寄来反喇叭噪音行为的消息,故推测人们对Andy的行为是接受并且支持的。
故选A。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Ifwecanfigureouthowtostophonkingonthestreets,Ithinkwecouldlearnsomethingsthatwecoulduseonalargescale.”可知Andy认为如果解决了喇叭噪音问题,就能把从中学到的东西应用到更大规格的事情上,故推测他认为解决喇叭噪音和解决饥荒一样重要。
选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇环保类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,同时根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
HipsterGreenport:
4placestoeat,shopandvisit
Greenportmaydatebacktothe1630s,butit'sfeelingprettyof-the-momentrightnow.Herearefourplacesthatembodytheold-meets-newenergyofthevillage:
Claudio's
Ifyou'vebeentoGreenport,youcan'tmissClaudio's—it'swheregenerationsofLongIslandershavemadeatraditionofeating,whetherinsidethemainrestaurantoratthefloatingdock-bar.Thenewownershaveaddedfreshelements:
BaccanoPizzabyNino,whichoffersavarietyofslicesandpiesuntilaslateas2a.m.onFridaysandSaturdays—isrightbythedockentrance.
LittleCreekOysterFarm&Market
It'slittlespotslikethisthattellthecurrentGreenportstory.There'snosignoradvertisingforthistinyhousechangedfromthecabinofanoldshipthat'spracticallyhiddendownBootlegger'sAlleynearMitchellPark.Buttheretheyare—streamsofpeoplewhocometoenjoythefreshoysterswhiledrinkinglocalcraftbeer,withawatersideview.
TheTimesVintage
Nostalgia(怀旧)forbygonetimesrunshighinthis1909building,whichonceservedasthebasefortheSuffolkTimesnewspaper.Thesedays,thiswell-designedshopsellsvinylrecords(黑胶唱片)andloadsofold-fashionedclothingandhomedecorationitemsincludingmid-centuryhighballsets.
GreenportFire
Heatcomesinmanyformsandseveralaresoldhere—hotsauces,cigarsandcandles.Consultthechalkboardforthecurrentsauceofferingsorbrowsecigarssuchasahand-rolledHonduranLeafbyOscarortheGurkhaCellarReservemadewith18-year-agedtobacco.
(1)What'sspecialaboutGreenport?
A. Itisaplacefullofenergy. B. Itisafamousportintheworld.
C. Itisacombinationofnewandold.
D. Itisapopularplaceofinterest.
(2)WhatcanyoudoinTheTimesVintage?
A. Youcanenjoydeliciousoysters.
B. Youcanbuysomeoldthings.
C. Youcanfindhand-rolledcigars.
D. YoucanhaveBaccanoPizza.
(3)Ifyouareasmoker,youmaybeinterestedin_________.
A. Claudio's B. LittleCreekOyster C. GreenportFire D. TheTimesVintage
【答案】
(1)C
(2)B
(3)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文,介绍了绿港(Greenport)这个村庄里能体现新旧融合的四个地方。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“…butit'sfeelingprettyof-the-momentrightnow.Herearefourplacesthatembodytheold-meets-newenergyofthevillage…”但现在感觉很时髦。
这里有四个地方体现了这个村庄新旧活力的融合。
可知,绿港融合了新旧事物。
故选C。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的“Thesedays,thiswell-designedshopsellsvinylrecords(黑胶唱片)andloadsofold-fashionedclothingandhomedecorationitemsincludingmid-centuryhighballsets.”如今,这家精心设计的商店出售黑胶唱片、大量的老式服装和家居装饰用品,包括20世纪中期的highball电视机。
可知,在TheTimesVintage能买到一些老式的东西。
故选B。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据最后一段中“...andseveralaresoldhere—hotsauces,cigarsandcandles.”其中有几种在这里出售——辣酱、雪茄和蜡烛。
可知,喜欢抽烟的人应该对GreenportFire感兴趣。
故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查,是一篇介绍类阅读。
考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并结合题目要求,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Recently,astheBritishdoctorRobertWinstontookatrainfromLondontoManchester,hefoundhimselfbecomingsteadilyangry.Awomanhadpickedupherphoneandbegunaloudconversation,whichwouldlastanunbelievablehour.Furious,Winstonbegantotweetaboutthewoman.Hetookherpictureandsentittohismorethan40,000followers.
Whenthetrainarrivedatitsdestination,Winstonrushedout.He'dhadenoughofthewoman'srudeness.Butthepresswerenowwaitingforherontheplatform.AndwhentheyshowedherWinston'smessages,sheusedjustonewordtodescribeWinston'sactions:
rude.
Winston'staleissomethingofamicrocosm(缩影)ofourageofincreasingrudeness,fueledbysocialmedia.Whatcanwedotofixthis?
Studieshaveshownthatrudenessspreadsquickly,almostlikethecommoncold.Justwitnessingrudenessmakesitfarmorelikelythatwe,inturn,willberudelateron.Theonlywaytoavoiditistodealwithitfacetoface.Wemustsay,"Juststop."ForWinston,thatwouldhavemeantapproachingthewoman,tellingherthatherconversationwasfrustratingotherpassengersandpolitelyaskinghertospeakmorequietlyormakethecallatanothertime.
Therageandinjusticewefeelattherudebehaviorofastrangercandriveustodooddthings.Inmyownresearch,surveying2,000adults,Idiscoveredthattheactsofrevengepeoplehadtakenrangedfromtheridiculoustothedisturbing.Winstondidshineaspotlightonthewoman'sbehavior—butfromafar,inawaythatshamedher.
Wemustinsteadcombatrudenessheadon.Whenweseeitoccurinastore,wemuststepupandsaysomething.Ifithappenstoacolleague,wemustpointitout.Wemustdefendstrangersinthesamewaywe'ddefendourbestfriends.Butwecandoitwithgrace,byhandlingitwithoutatraceofaggressionandwithoutbeingrudeourselves.Becauseoncerudepeoplecanseetheiractionsthroughtheeyesofothers,theyarefarmorelikelytoendthatstrainthemselves.Asthistideofrudenessrises,civilizationneedscivility.
(1)WhatcanyoulearnaboutRobertWinstonfromthepassage?
A. Heknowshowtospeaktorudepeople.
B. Hebehavedimproperlyandspokeloudlyonthetrain.
C. Helosthistemperduetootherpeople'srudeness.
D. Hereactedtoawoman'srudebehaviorwrongly.
(2)Whatdoes"fueledbysocialmedia"meaninParagraph3?
A. Rudebehavioriscommononsocialmedia.
B. Rudenesscanbeavoidedthrou
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