高考英语阅读理解基础全程训练15.docx
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高考英语阅读理解基础全程训练15.docx
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高考英语阅读理解基础全程训练15
2014高考英语阅读理解基础全程训练(15)及答案
较难题目特训:
科普知识类
Thereareplentyofgoodreasonstobuyorganicproducts,butnutritionmaynotbeoneofthem,suggestsanewstudy,whichfoundnodifferenceinantioxidant(抗氧化剂)levelsbetweenorganicallyandconventionally(常规地)grownonions,carrots,andpotatoes.
Thestudyonlylookedatthreetypesofvegetablesandjustafewselectnutrients.Buttheexperimentwaspartofabiggerprojectthatwassosystematicandstrictlycontrolledthatthefindingslikelyapplytoothercrops,too.
“Givingpreferencetoorganicproductsbecausetheycontainmorebioactivecomponentsisdoubtfulandnotsupportedbyscientificevidence,”Knuthsensaid.“Still,therearemanygoodreasonsfortheconsumertoselectorganicfoodproducts,includingabsenceofpesticideresidues(农药残留)infoods,animalwelfare,andenvironmentalprotections.”
Argumentoverwhetherorganicproduceismorenutritiousthanconventionalvarietieshasbeenaroundforatleastadecade,saidJeffreyBlumberg,directoroftheAntioxidantsResearchLaboratoryatTuftsUniversityinBoston.“Somestudieshavesuggestedthatorganicallygrownplantscontainhigherlevelsofhealthfulantioxidants,possiblybecausesomeantioxidantsactasnaturalfungicides(杀真菌剂),pesticidesandinsecticides,”hesaid.“Theideaisthat,withouthelpfromindustrialchemicals,plantsonorganicfarmsneedtoworkhardertoprotectthemselves.Theyendupbecomingmorenutritiousasaresult.”Butplentyofotherstudieshaveshownnosuchrelationship.
“Iunderstandthatorganicfarmerswouldlovetobeabletosaythattheirsaresuper-fruitsandsuper-vegetablesbecausetherearehigheramountsofthesecompoundsinthem,”Blumbergsaid.“Ifyouwanttobuythembecauseyouthinkthey’resaferfortheplanettogrowthingsthatway,orbecauseyouthinkpesticidesarebadforyouoryourfamily,oryoulikethattheycomefromashorterdistanceaway,that’sgreat.”
“Butifyouwanttobuythembecausethey’remorenutritious,you’reconfused,andwedon’tknowifthat’strueornot.”
1.Thenewstudyprovesthat .
A.thereareplentyofgoodreasonstobuyorganicproduce
B.nutritionisoneofthegoodreasonstobuyorganicproduce
C.someorganicallyandconventionallygrownfoodshavethesameantioxidantlevels
D.organicproduceisharmfultoourhealth
2.Whydopeoplepreferorganicproducts?
A.Becausetheythinkorganicproductshavenobioactivecomponents.
B.Becausescientificevidencesupportsorganicproductscanmakethemstronger.
C.Becauseit’sprovedthatorganicproduceismorenutritiousthanconventionalvarieties.
D.Becausetheythinkorganicfoodproductshavenoharmfulthings.
3.Thefourthparagraphmainlytellsus .
A.it’sunclearwhetherorganicproduceismorenutritiousthanconventionalvarieties
B.organicallygrownplantscontainhigherlevelsofhealthfulantioxidants
C.plantsonorganicfarmsneedtoworkhardertoprotectthemselves
D.plentyofotherstudieshaveshownnosuchrelationship
4.WhichisNOTthereasonforyoutobuyorganicproductsaccordingtoBlumberg?
A.Therearehigheramountsofthesecompoundsinthem.
B.They’resaferfortheplanettogrowthingsthatway.
C.Pesticidesarebadforyouoryourfamily.
D.Theyaremorenutritious.
【参考答案】6.CDAD
阅读理解-------A
ThespaceshuttleColumbiaflaredandbrokeupintheskiesoverTexasonSaturday,February1,2003,killingthesevenastronautsonboardinwhatNASAandPresidentBushcalledatragedyfortheentirenation.NASAlaunchedaninvestigationintothedisasterandbegansearchingfortheastronauts'remains.Itsaidthatalthoughtherehadbeensomedatafailuresitwastooearlytonaildownaprecisecause.Thebreak-up,16minutesbeforetheshuttlewasduetolandatKennedySpaceCenterinFlorida,spreadpossiblytoxicdebris(有毒的残骸)overawideswathofTexasandneighboringstates.
Dramatictelevisionimagesoftheshuttle'sdescentclearlyshowedseveralwhitetrails(痕迹)streakingthroughblueskiesaftertheshuttlesuddenlyfellapart.Itwasalmost17yearstothedaythattheChallengershuttleexplodedonJan.28,1986,killingallsevenastronautsonboard.
Take-offandre-entryintoEarth'satmospherearethemostdangerouspartsofaspacemission.In42yearsofUS'humanspaceflight,therehadneverbeenanaccidentinthedescenttoEarthorlanding.Challengerexplodedjustaftertake-off.
Rescueteamsscrambledtosearchfortheremainsofthecrew,whichincludedthefirstIsraelitoflyontheshuttle,formercombatpilotCol.IlanRamon.Therewerewarningsthatpartsofavast120-mile-longcorridorofdebriscouldbetoxicbecauseofpoisonousrocketpropellant(推进器).
"Wearenotreadytoconfirmthatwehavefoundanyhumanremains,"NacogdochesCountySheriffThomasKerrssaid.Headdedthatamongtheroughly1,000callsreportingdebris,somepeoplesaidtheyfoundremainsofcrewmembers.
"TheColumbiaislost.Therearenosurvivors,…Theirmissionwasalmostcompleteandwelostthemsoclosetohome.…America'sspaceprogramwillgoon,"saidagrim-facedBushinamessagebroadcastontelevision,whichincludedcondolencestothefamiliesofthedeadastronauts.
1.Theword“descent”inthepassagemeans________.
A.takingoffB.landingC.orbitingD.walkingdown
答案解析:
答案为B。
本题为词义推断题。
由第三段第二句话“In42yearsofUS'humanspaceflight,therehadneverbeenanaccidentinthedescenttoEarthorlanding.”可知,在美国42年的载人航空飞行中,从来没有在着陆地面时发生事故,言外之意就是Columbia航天飞机是着陆地面时坠毁。
“orlanding”对应的意思就是descent。
故答案为B。
2.WhichistrueoftheIsraeliastronautIlanRamon?
A.HewasthefirstIsraeliastronauttoflyontheshuttle.
B.HewasthefirstforeignastronauttoflyontheAmericanshuttle.
C.Heusedtobeapassengerplanepilot.
D.HewastheonlysurvivorintheColumbiadisaster.
答案解析:
答案为A。
本题为细节题。
由第四段第一句话“…,whichincludedthefirstIsraelitoflyontheshuttle,formercombatpilotCol.IlanRamon.”可知,IlanRamon是第一个以色列乘坐航天飞机的宇航员,也是一名前战斗飞行员,故A选项正确,B,C错误。
由最后一段第二句话“Therearenosurvivors,”可知没有幸存者,故D选项错误。
故答案为A。
3.TheColumbiadisasterandtheChallengerdisasterweresimilarinthat________.
A.thereweresevenastronautskilledonboard
B.boththeshuttlesexplodedwhentheytookoff
C.Boththeshuttlesexplodedwhentheywereabouttoland
D.nohumanremainswerefound
答案解析:
答案为A。
本题为细节推理题,要求寻找Columbia和theChallenger事故的相似之处。
由第一段首句“ThespaceshuttleColumbiaflaredandbrokeup…,killingthesevenastronautsonboard…”和第二段最后一句“Itwasalmost17yearstothedaythattheChallengershuttleexplodedonJan.28,1986,killingallsevenastronautsonboard.”可知,Columbia和theChallenger都有七名宇航员遇难。
故答案为A。
由第三段“In42yearsofUS'humanspaceflight,therehadneverbeenanaccidentinthedescenttoEarthorlanding.Challengerexplodedjustaftertake-off.”可知,Columbia是着陆地面时坠毁,Challenger是在刚刚起飞后爆炸,故B、C选项错误。
由倒数第二段最后一句话“…,somepeoplesaidtheyfoundremainsofcrewmembers.”可知,有些人说他们找到了宇航员的残骸,故D选项错误。
4.Whichofthefollowingiswrongaccordingtothenews?
A.TheU.S.A.willgiveupthespaceprogrambecauseoftheaccident.
B.NASAhasn’tfoundthecauseoftheColumbiadisaster.
C.BeforetheColumbiadisaster,noshuttleshadexplodedinthecourseoflanding.
D.Take-offandre-entryintoEarth'satmospherearethemostdangerouspartsofaspacemission.
答案解析:
答案为A。
本题为细节题。
由最后一段“America'sspaceprogramwillgoon,”可知,A选项与文章不符,故答案为A。
由第一段“NASAlaunchedaninvestigationintothedisasterandbegansearchingfortheastronauts'remains.Itsaidthatalthoughtherehadbeensomedatafailuresitwastooearlytonaildownaprecisecause.”可知,NASA认为对事故的准确原因进行定论还为时过早,故B选项与文章符合。
结合第一题的分析可知,C选项与文章符合。
由第三段首句“Take-offandre-entryintoEarth'satmospherearethemostdangerouspartsofaspacemission.”可知,D选项与文章符合。
故B、C、D均不选。
社会生活类
Citiesneedtoputeffortstodealwithpollutionandcleartheair.
Chinesecitieswillneedtoputeffortstoclearuptheskywhenanewdepartmenttoimproveregionalairqualityissetupby2015,accordingtothelatestplanreleasedbytheStateCouncil.
BesidestheexistingpollutioncontrolprogramforSO2,regionalemissioncaps(区域排放上限)forothercertainchemicalswillbeestablishedinthethreekeyairpollutingareas—theYangtzeRiverDelta,PearlRiverDeltaandtheBeijing-Tianjin-Hebeiregion.Coal-consumptioncapswillalsobetriedoutinsomeareas,accordingtotheplan.
“Theplanisaimedatdealingwithregionalairpollution—suchasacidrainandsmog—whichhavebecomeincreasinglyobviousinChinainrecentyearsandcausedaseverethreattopeople’shealth,”ZhangLijun,vice-ministerofenvironmentalprotection,saidinaninterviewonMonday.
“Theairqualityinacityaffectstheregionsnearbybecausepollutants(污染物)Cantravelthroughtheatmosphere,”saidChaiFahe,vice-directorofChineseResearchAcademyofEnvironmentalSciences.
“Soeffortstoreduceairpollutioninasinglecity,targetingacertainpollutantwillnotbeenough,”Chaisaid.
Zhangsaid,“Thecountry’smajorindustrialdistricts—theYangtzeRiverDelta,PearlRiverDeltaandtheBeijing-Tianjin-Hebeiregion—haverecordedmorethan100mistydaysannuallyinrecentyears.”
Thesethreeregions,hometoatleast200millionpeople,occupyonly6.3percentofthecountry’sareabutconsume40percentofthecountry’scoalandproducehalfofitssteel,accordingtoofficialfigures.
Studiesalsoshowthatthevisibility(能见度)ineasternregionsofChinahasdroppedby7to15kmcomparedtothatintheearly1960s,asaresultofairpollution.
Liaoningprovince,theShandongPeninsula,WuhaninHubeiprovinceanditssurroundingarea,theChangsha-Zhuzhou-XiangtanregioninHunanprovince,theChengdu-Chongqingregion
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