中考英语中考英语八种时态全面解析.docx
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中考英语中考英语八种时态全面解析.docx
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中考英语中考英语八种时态全面解析
中考英语--中考英语八种时态全面解析
1一般现在时
概念:
经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
时间状语:
always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),onceaweek,onSundays,etc.
基本结构:
①be动词;②行为动词
否定形式:
①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句:
①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。
2
一般过去时
概念:
过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
时间状语:
ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month…),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime,etc.
基本结构:
①be动词;②行为动词
否定形式:
①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句:
①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did提问,同时还原行为动词。
3
现在进行时
概念:
表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
时间状语:
now,atthistime,thesedays,etc.
基本结构:
am/is/are+doing
否定形式:
am/is/are+not+doing.
一般疑问句:
把be动词放于句首。
4
过去进行时
概念:
表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
时间状语:
atthistimeyesterday,atthattime或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
基本结构:
was/were+doing
否定形式:
was/were+not+doing.
一般疑问句:
把was或were放于句首。
5
现在完成时
概念:
过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
时间状语:
recently,lately,since…for…,inthepastfewyears,etc.
基本结构:
have/has+done
否定形式:
have/has+not+done.
一般疑问句:
have或has。
6
过去完成时
概念:
以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
时间状语:
before,bytheendoflastyear(term,month…),etc.
基本结构:
had+done.
否定形式:
had+not+done.
一般疑问句:
had放于句首。
7
一般将来时
概念:
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
时间状语:
tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,inafewminutes,by…,thedayaftertomorrow,etc.
基本结构:
①am/is/are/goingto+do;②will/shall+do.
否定形式:
①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句:
①be放于句首;②will/shall提到句首。
8
过去将来时
概念:
立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
时间状语:
thenextday(morning,year…),thefollowingmonth(week…),etc.
基本结构:
①was/were/goingto+do;②would/should+do.
否定形式:
①was/were/not+goingto+do;②would/should+not+do.
一般疑问句:
①was或were放于句首;②would/should提到句首。
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1.阅读理解
Sayingnostartssmall
"Allrightthen—justonemorepiece..."Wordseverygirlhassaidwhentheyarefacedwiththedeliciouscheesecake.Ofcourse,manyofusknowwemayeatthewholethingintheend.
Itisn'tjustgirls.Mostofusfindithardtosay"no"tosomethingattractive.However,scientistsnowsaythatwillpowerisveryimportanttosuccessandahappylife.
Scientistsindifferentcountrieshavebeenstudyingtheeffectsofwillpoweronpeople'slivesforalongtime.Theresultsaresimilar,accordingtoanarticleonFebruary7intheGuardian,afamousBritishnewspaper.
Inoneexperiment,scientiststoldyoungchildrenthattheycouldeitherhaveamarshmallow(圆形软糖)now,ortwomarshmallowsin15minutes.Waitingobviouslyneededmorewillpower.Scientiststhencontinuedstudyingthechildrenastheygrewup.Theywantedtoseeifsomechildrenalwayshadstrongerwillpower.Theyalsowantedtoseehowhavingstrongerwillpoweraffectedtheirlives.
Yearslater,scientistsfoundthatthechildrenwhohadwaitedfortwomarshmallowswereallhealthier,happierandricheradults.Oppositely,thechildrenwhohadshownweakerwillpoweratthatyoungageweremorelikelytobeinlow-paidjobs,tobeoverweight,tohavesocialproblems.
Butthereishope,RoyFBaumeister,anAmericansocialpsychology(心理学)professor(教授)toldtheGuardian.Baumeistersayswecantrainourwillpowerjustlikewetrainourmuscles(肌肉).Evenalittlepracticecanstrengthen(加强)ouroverallself-controlifwedoitregularly.
Youcouldstartbymakingyourselfstandupstraight,speakingincompletesentences,orusingacomputermousewiththeotherhand.Scientistshavefoundthatpeoplewhomanagetochangelittlehabitsoftenperformmuchbetterinlaboratorywillpowertests.
Likemuscles,willpowercan"gettired".Don'ttrytodotoomanythingsatthesametime,orwhenyoudon'thaveenoughenergy,forexamplewhenyouareill.Ifyoualreadyfeeltired,youcantrytorecharge(恢复)yourwillpowerwithagoodnight'ssleepandbyeatingwell.
(1)Theexampleofagirleatingcheesecakeisusedto
A. provethatgirlshaveweakwillpower
B. introducethetopicofwillpowertothereaders
C. showthatcheesecakeisespeciallyattractivetogirls
D. showtheconnectionbetweenwillpowerandsuccess
(2)Whatcanweinferfromtheexperiment?
A. Thescientistshadalreadyknowntheresultsbeforetheexperiment.
B. Itshowedthatwillpoweristhemostimportanttosuccessandahappylife.
C. Thechildrenwhochosetowaitweremorelikelytobesuccessfulintheirlives.
D. Thechildrenwhochoseonlyonemarshmallowatfirsthadstrongerwillpower.
(3)WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedaboutthetrainingofwillpower?
A. Youshouldhaveagoaleveryday.
B. Goodrestandproperdietcanhelp.
C. Willpowerneedstobeexercisedregularly.
D. Keepwillpowerfrombeingusedtoomuch.
(4)Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?
A. Howwillpowerandmusclesaresimilarandhowtheycanbetrained.
B. Howwillpoweraffectspeople'slivesandhowitissimilartomuscles.
C. Howwillpowerisimportanttosuccessandhowwecanmakeitstronger.
D. Howwillpowerisconnectedwithsuccessandhowtheyaffecteachother
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)A
(4)C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了毅力的重要性和怎样让毅力变得更强。
(1)细节题。
根据Itisn'tjustgirls.Mostofusfindithardtosay"no"tosomethingattractive.However,scientistsnowsaythatwillpowerisveryimportanttosuccessandahappylife.可知通过讲小女孩吃奶酪蛋糕的例子来引出毅力话题,故选B。
(2)推测题。
根据Yearslater,scientistsfoundthatthechildrenwhohadwaitedfortwomarshmallowswereallhealthier,happierandricheradults.可知毅力强大的孩子成功的可能性更大,故选C。
(3)细节题。
根据Baumeistersayswecantrainourwillpowerjustlikewetrainourmuscles(肌肉).Evenalittlepracticecanstrengthen(加强)ouroverallself-controlifwedoitregularly.可知要规律锻炼;Likemuscles,willpowercan"gettired".Don'ttrytodotoomanythingsatthesametime,orwhenyoudon'thaveenoughenergy,forexamplewhenyouareill.Ifyoualreadyfeeltired,youcantrytorecharge(恢复)yourwillpowerwithagoodnight'ssleepandbyeatingwell.可知要好好休息和吃好,不能过度使用,故选A。
(3)主旨题。
根据全文可知讲的是毅力的重要性和怎样让毅力变得更强。
故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型,细节题要注意从文中寻找答案;推断题需要联系上下文,推断出需要的信息;主旨题需要通读全文,了解大意之后找出中心思想。
2.阅读理解
OneSaturday,wewerepreparingtogoawayfortheweekendwhenmydaughterheardcriesforhelp.WhenIwentout,Idiscoveredourelderlyneighborhadfallenonherfrontsteps.Shewasclearlyinpain,soIhelpedherinsideherhouseandsettledhereonthebed.
Inoticedherroomwasverynarrowanddark.Itwasobviousshehadn'tcleaneditforalongtime.Sheinsistedshedidn'tneedanambulance(救护车)andthatsomeonewouldbearoundsoon,soIleftherwithabottleofwateratherside.
AsIleftIfeltsadwhenIrealizedthatwehadn'tcommunicatedwithher,exceptafewsmiles,forthepast18months.Shedidn'tknowmynameandIdidn'tknowhers,andIhadn'tevennoticedthatshehadn'tbeenoutsideforweeksbecauseofbadpaininherback.
ThatweekendIvisitedmygrandmotherforher80thbirthdayandnoticedhowcleanandspaciousherflatseemedincomparisontomyneighbour's.Myneighbour,asfarasIknew,hadnofamilyregularlydroppingby.
WhenIreturnedhomeIwenttovisither.Verygratefultoseeme,sheexplainedshewasokay.Yet,unabletobenddownduetoherback,herkitchenwasfillingwithgarbagethatshewasunabletotakeoutbyherself.
We'vebecomegoodfriendsandchateverysecondday.Shekeepsthankingmeformykindness,butIenjoyhelpingher.Now,everytimeIreturnfromputtingouthergarbage,collectinghermailorjustchatting,Ifeeladeepsenseofsatisfactionandpeace.
(1)Whathappenedwhentheywerepreparingtogoaway?
A. Thedaughterwascryingforhelp.
B. Thedaughterwasstillsleepinginbed.
C. Nobodycametolookaftertheoldwoman.
D. Theirelderlyneighborfelldown.
(2)Whydidtheauthorfeelsadwhenshelefttheoldwoman'shouse?
A. Thehouseshelivedinwasverysmallanddark.
B. Theydidn'tcaremuchforeachotherasneighbors.
C. Theauthordidn'tknowtheoldwoman'sname.
D. Theauthorhadn'tnoticedthatherneighborhadbackpain.
(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthefourthparagraphprobablymean?
A. Tidy
B. Small
C. Large
D. Narrow
(4)Whatcanwelearnabouttheoldwoman?
A. Shehadbeenillformanyyears.
B. Shealwayshelpedotherswhenshewasyoung.
C. Shehadnodaughtersandsons.
D. Shewasgratefulfortheauthor'skindness.
(5)Theauthorgotadeepsenseofsatisfactionandpeacefrom___________.
A. attendinghergrandmother'sbirthdayparty
B. helpingherneighbor
C. havingabigfamily
D. knowingherelderlyneighbor'sname
【答案】
(1)D
(2)B
(3)C
(4)D
(5)B
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了一个偶然的机会作者看见邻居摔倒在门前,他把邻居扶进屋后发现,邻居家很脏乱,原来她是一个孤寡老人,后背因为疾病不能弯曲。
作者很触动,对比了自己的祖母,他觉得邻居很无助。
于是他开始经常和她聊天,帮她做一些理所们能及的家务事。
(1)细节理解题。
根据第一段第二句“WhenIwentout,Idiscoveredourelderlyneighborhadfallenonherfrontsteps.”可知当作者一家要离开时,一位老邻居摔倒了。
故选D。
(2)细节理解题。
根据第三段“AsIleftIfeltsadwhenIrealizedthatwehadn'tcommunicatedwithher,exceptafewsmiles,forthepast18months.Shedidn'tknowmynameandIdidn'tknowhers,andIhadn'tevennoticedthatshehadn'tbeenoutsideforweeksbecauseofbadpaininherback.”可知作者虽然与老人是邻居,却几乎和她没有交流,也不知道彼此的名字,甚至她的后背有疾病都不知道。
故作者感到很难过觉得没有关心到邻居。
故选B。
(3)词义推理题。
根据前文作者形容老邻居的房子是拥挤昏暗的。
后文提到祖母的家是与老邻居的家形成鲜明的对比的,故是明亮的宽敞的,故spacious的意思是大的,宽敞的。
故选C。
(4)归纳总结题。
根据阅读文章可知,前三个选项文中都没有提到。
根据最后一段第二句“Shekeepsthankingmeformykindness,butIenjoyhelpingher.”可知老邻居对作者给予她的帮助非常感谢。
故选D。
(5)主旨大意题。
根据最后一段最后一句“Now,everytimeIreturnfromputting
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