大学英语I.docx
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大学英语I.docx
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大学英语I
1.1CollegeLife
Hi,welcometoourcollege.Youwillspendatleastfouryearshere.Collegedayswillbethegoldenyearsofyourlife.Therearemanyopportunitiesforyoutoexploretheunknownandyoucanexperiencealot.Youcanmakelifelongfriends;youcanenjoyvariouskindsofactivities;youcandevelopyourpersonalinterests;andyouwillmeetsomeoutstandingscholars.Keepagoodbalanceandlayasolidfoundation.Therearemanydoorstoyourdreams.Youdecidehowmanyyoucanopen.
campusv.thegroundsandbuildingsofauniversity,collegeorschool校园
electiven.acoursethatyoucanchoosetostudybecauseyouareinterestedinit,whileyouarestudyingforadegreeinadifferentsubject选修课
★refundn.asumofmoneythatisgivenback退款
registrationn.theactofrecordingnamesanddetailsonanofficiallist登记,注册
samplen.asmallpartoramountofsomethingthatisexaminedinordertofindoutsomethingaboutthewhole样品,标本,试样
semestern.eitherofthetwoperiodsintowhichayearatuniversitiesesp.intheU.S.isdivided(尤指美国大学的)一学期,半学年
withdrawv.totakemoneyoutofabankaccount提取(银行存款)
PhrasesandExpressions
martialartsasportsuchasJUDOorKARATE,inwhichyoufightwithyourhandandfeet,andwhichwasdevelopedinEasterncountries(东方国家的)武术(如柔道,空手道等)
SoMuchtoLearn
SoMuchtoLearnTypesofExaminationQuestionsintheUSandtheUK:
Thetwomaintypesofexaminationquestionsaremultiplechoiceandessay,butothertypesareblank-fillingandmatching,anddifferentteachersusedifferenttypes,e.g.,atypicalexammightconsistof50multiplechoicequestionsforonepointeachandtwoessayquestionsfor25pointseach.
CollegeStudy:
InAmericancollegesanduniversities,studentshavemanychoicesaboutthesubjectstheystudy,theirclassschedule,andtheteachersoftheirclasses.Inthisway,studentscancreateaschedulethatismostsuitableforthem.Theycanalsofulfilltherequirementsoftheirdegree.Therefore,studentscarrymostoftheresponsibilityformanagingtheiracademiclife,althoughacademicadvisorsareavailabletohelpthem.
Essay-typequestions:
Thesearealsocalleddiscussionquestions,becausethestudentisexpectedtodiscussatopicandprovidefacts,reasons,examples,etc.tosupporttheanswer,withthegradedependingmainlyonhowwelltheanswerissupportednotjustonthestudent'sopinion.
ItwasthelastdayoffinalexaminationsinalargeEasternuniversity.Onthestepsofonebuilding,agroupofengineeringseniorshuddled,discussingtheexamduetobegininafewminutes.Ontheirfaceswasconfidence.Thiswastheirlastexambeforetheywentontocommencementandjobs.
Sometalkedofjobstheyalreadyhad;othersofjobstheywouldget.Withallthisassuranceoffouryearsofcollegestudy,theyfeltreadyandabletoconquertheworld.
Theapproachingexam,theyknew,wouldbeasnap.Theprofessorhadsaidtheycouldbringanybooksornotestheywanted,requestingonlythattheydidnottalktoeachotherduringthetest.
Jubilantly,theyfiledintotheclassroom.Theprofessorpassedoutthepapers.Andtheirsmilesbroadenedasthestudentsnotedtherewereonlyfiveessay-typequestions.
Threehourspassed.Thentheprofessorbegantocollectthepapers.Thestudentsnolongerlookedconfident.Ontheirfaceswasafrightenedexpression.Noonespokeastheprofessorfacedtheclasswiththepapersinherhand.
Shesurveyedtheworriedfacesbeforeher,thenasked:
“Howmanycompletedallfivequestions?
”
Notahandwasraised.
“Howmanyansweredfour?
”Stillnohands.
“Three?
Two?
”Thestudentsshiftedrestlesslyintheirseats.
“One,then?
Certainlysomebodyfinishedone.”Buttheclassremainedsilent.Theprofessorputdownthepapers.“ThatisexactlywhatIexpected,”shesaid.
“Ijustwanttoimpressuponyouthat,eventhoughyouhavecompletedfouryearsofengineering,therearestillmanythingsaboutthesubjectyoudon’tknow.Thesequestionsyoucouldnotanswerarerelativelycommonineverydaypractice.”Then,smiling,sheadded:
“Youwillallpassthiscourse,butrememberthateventhoughyouarenowcollegegraduates,youreducationhasjustbegun.”
Theyearshaveobscuredthenameofthisprofessor,butnotthelessonshetaught.(321words)
WordsandExpressions
approachv.tocomenearornearer(to)inspace,time,quality,orquantity走近,靠近,接近
assurancen.afirmstatementthatsth.iscertainlytrueorwillcertainlyhappen;promise;confidentbeliefinone’sownabilityandpowers担保,保证;自信,把握
broadenv.tomakeorbecomebroader加宽;(使)变宽;使扩大
commencementn.theactofcommencing;beginning;aceremonyatwhichuniversityorcollegestudentsaregiventheirdegreesordiplomas开始,开端;学位授予典礼;(大学及高中的)毕业典礼
confidencen.acalmunworriedfeelingormannerbasedonastrongbeliefinone’sabilities;self-assurance信心;把握;自信
confidenta.feelingorshowingconfidence确信的;自信的;有信心的
conquerv.totake(land)byforce;win(land)bywar;togaincontrolover(sth.unfriendlyordifficult)攻取;占领;克服(困难等);制伏;驾驭
engineeringn.theapplicationofscientificandmathematicalprinciplestopracticalendssuchasthedesign,manufacture,etc.工程;工程学
essayn.ausu.shortpieceofwritingonaparticularsubject,esp.aspartofacourseofstudy文章;散文
graduaten.v.apersonwhoholdsadegree(esp.thefirstorbachelor's)fromauniversityorpolytechnic大学毕业生,(尤指)学士学位获得者tocompleteaneducationalcourse毕业
huddlev.to(causeto)crowdtogether,inagrouporinapile(使)挤作一团,(使)聚成一堆
impressv.toinfluencedeeply,esp.withafeelingofadmiration;tomaketheimportanceof(something)clearto(someone)使感动;使钦佩;使获得深刻印象;铭刻;使铭记
jubilantlyad.filledwithorexpressinggreatjoy,atasuccess(尤指因成功而)欢腾地,欢呼地
obscurev.tomakedifficulttoseeorunderstand;tohide使朦胧;使难理解;遮蔽;隐藏
restlessa.unwillingorunabletostaystill,esp.becauseofanxietyorlackofinterest;givingnorest焦虑的;不耐烦的;不得休息的;不安静的
seniorn.astudentofthelastyearinahighschooloruniversitycourse(美国中学或大学)最高年级的学生,毕业班的学生
shiftv.tochangeinpositionordirection;tomovefromoneplacetoanother改变(位置或方向);变换,转移,移动
snapn.sth.thatisveryeasytodo轻而易举的事
surveyv.tolookat,examine,orconsider(aperson,place,orcondition)asawhole纵览;审视;全面的观察
PhrasesandExpressions
fileintotomarchorwalkinthespecifieddirectioninasingleline鱼贯而入,
排成纵队前进
impressupontomakesb.keenlyawareofsth.;tofixsth.insb.誷mind铭刻;使铭记
nolongernotanymore;notatpresenttime不再
pass(sth.)outtogiveout;todistribute分发
NotestotheText:
1.Onthestepsofonebuilding,agroupofengineeringseniorshuddled,discussingtheexamduetobegininafewminutes:
Agroupofengineeringseniorsgatheredtogetheronthestepsofonebuilding.Theywerediscussingtheexamwhichwasgoingtobegininafewminutes.一幢教学楼的台阶上围着一群大四的工科生,都在谈论即刻就要开始的考试。
engineeringseniors:
studentswhomajorinengineeringandstudyinthe4thyearofacourseinaU.S.college美国大学四年级工科生huddle:
to(causeto)crowdtogether,inagroup(使)挤作一团,(使)聚成一堆eg.Thefloodvictimswerecoldsotheyhuddledtogetherforwarmththatnight.那一天晚上灾民冷得挤在一起取暖。
Helayhuddledamongsthisblanketsinbed,hiskneesalmosttouchinghischin.他用毛毯裹着在床上缩成一团,膝盖几乎碰着下巴。
due:
(showingarrangementsmadeinadvance)expected;supposed(to)eg.ThenexttraintoLondonisduehereat4o'clock.去伦敦的下一趟班车应在4点钟到这里。
Theplanethatwasduetoarriveat10hasbeendelayedfor2hoursbyaheavyfog.由于大雾,原定在10点钟到的班机已经推迟了2个小时。
2.Ontheirfaceswasconfidence.Thisisaninvertedsentence.Thenaturalword-orderofthesentenceis"Confidencewasontheirfaces".他们脸上都带着自信。
3.Sometalkedofjobstheyalreadyhad;othersofjobstheywouldget.Sometalkedaboutjobstheyhadalreadyhad;otherstalkedaboutthejobstheywouldget.有的谈起了找好的工作,有的则谈论着要找的工作。
talkof:
talkabout谈起eg.Wewerejusttalkingofthematterbeforeyoucamein.你进来之前我们正在谈这件事。
Hetalkedofgoingabroadathisbirthdayparty.在生日晚会上他谈到自己将出国的事。
some...,others...,stillothers...eg.Onweekends,collegestudentshavevariouskindsofactivities.Somegototheirpart-timejobs;otherstocinemasandtheaters;andstillotherstothegymnasiumtoexercisethemselves.大学生周末有各种各样的活动。
有的去做兼职工作。
有的去电影院;还有的去体育馆锻炼。
4.Withallthisassuranceoffouryearsofcollegestudy,theyfeltreadyandabletoconquertheworld:
Fouryearsofstudyatcollegehadgiventhemtheconfidenceintheirabilityandpower.Theythoughttheywerereadyandabletogaincontroloverwhatevertheywoulddoaftergraduatingfromcollege.4年的大学学习给了他们自信,使他们觉得自己足以征服世界。
5.Theapproachingexam,theyknew,wouldbeasnap:
Theyknewtheapproachingexamwouldbeveryeasy.眼前这场考试,不过是一碟小菜罢了。
Youcanuseeachofthefollowingexpressionstosaythatsomethingiseasy.Itiseasy/asnap/apieceofcake/nosweat.这是一件很容易的事。
6.fileinto:
tomarchorwalkinasinglelineinthespecifieddirection鱼贯而入,排成纵队前进Example:
Astheaudiencefiledintothestadium,theyfoundthepopgroupwasalreadythere.观众们涌进运动场时,发现流行乐团已经到了。
c.f.fileoutof鱼贯而出,排成纵队退出Example:
Whentheaudiencefiledoutofthestadiumaftertheconcertwasover,theyfoundithadstartedtosnow.音乐会结束后,走出体育场的观众发现已经开始下雪了。
7.passout:
togiveout;distribute分发eg.Heisstandinginfrontofthesupermarket,passingoutflyerstocustomers.他站在超市前面,向过往的路人发传单。
Pleasepassoutthesesheetstothestudentsinthelecturehall.请把这些纸发给坐在报告厅的学生。
8.nolonger:
notanymore;notatthepresenttime不再eg.Henolongerdrivestoworkeversincehisdoctortoldhimtoexercisemore.自从他的医生要他多锻炼以来,他就再也没有开车上班了。
Henolongerlivesinthisapartmentforhehasboughtalargehousenearwhereheworks.他在工作地方的附近买了一栋大房子,再也不用住公寓了。
9.survey:
tolookat,examineorconsider(aperson,placeorcondition)asawhole纵览,审视,全面地观察eg.Youcansurveythecountrysidefromthetopofthehill.你可以从山顶俯视乡村。
Thefightersu
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