自考《英语二》出版最新讲义第五章.docx
- 文档编号:11578229
- 上传时间:2023-03-19
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:35
- 大小:44.83KB
自考《英语二》出版最新讲义第五章.docx
《自考《英语二》出版最新讲义第五章.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《自考《英语二》出版最新讲义第五章.docx(35页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
自考《英语二》出版最新讲义第五章
Unit5KeepingYourDreamsAlive
TextALifeisDifficult
AFamousQuote
Youarenevertoooldtosetanothergoalortodreamanewdream.
——C.S.Lewis
无论年纪多大,都可以有新目标、新梦想。
——C.S.刘易斯
NewWords
transcendv.tobeorgobeyondtheusuallimitsofsomething超出,超越(通常的界限)
incessantlyadj.non-stop不停地;持续不断地
noisilyadv.inthewayofmakingalotofnoise喧闹地
subtlyadv.inthewaythatisnotverynoticeableorobvious不易察觉地;不明显地;微妙地
enormityn.theverygreatsize,effect,etc.ofsomething;thefactofsomethingbeingveryserious巨大;深远影响;严重性
burdenn.aduty,responsibility,etc.thatcausesworry,difficultyorhardwork(义务、责任等的)重担,负担
beliefn.astrongfeelingthatsomething/somebodyexistsoristrue;confidencethatsomething/somebodyisgoodorright相信;信心
uniqueadj.beingtheonlyoneofitskind;veryspecialorunusual唯一的;独一无二的;独特的
afflictionn.painandsufferingorsomethingthatcausesit折磨;痛苦
especiallyadv.morewithoneperson,thing,etc.thanwithothers,ormoreinparticularcircumstancesthaninothers尤其;特别;格外
triben.(indevelopingcountries)agroupofpeopleofthesamerace,andwiththesamecustoms,language,religion,etc.livinginaparticularareaandoftenledbyachief部落
speciesn.agroupintowhichanimals,plants,etc.thatareabletobreedwitheachotherandproducehealthyyoungaredivided,smallerthanagenusandidentifiedbyaLatinname种,物种(分类上小于属)
disciplinen.theabilitytocontrolyourbehaviourorthewayyoulive,work,etc.自制力;遵守纪律
confrontv.todealwithaproblemordifficultsituation处理,解决(问题或困境)
evokev.tobringafeeling,amemoryoranimageintoyourmind引起,唤起(感情、记忆或形象)
griefn.afeelingofgreatsadness,especiallywhensomebodydies(尤指因某人去世引起的)悲伤,悲痛,伤心
guiltn.theunhappyfeelingscausedbyknowingorthinkingthatyouhavedonesomethingwrong内疚;悔恨
anxietyn.thestateoffeelingnervousorworriedthatsomethingbadisgoingtohappen焦虑;忧虑
anguishn.severepain,mentalsufferingorunhappiness剧痛;极度痛苦;苦恼
despairn.thefeelingofhavinglostallhope绝望
uncomfortableadj.anxious,embarrassedorafraidandunabletorelax(使)焦虑的,尴尬的,害怕的,不自在的
physicaladj.connectedwithaperson'sbodyratherthantheirmind身体的;肉体的;躯体的
equaladj.tobeasgoodassomethingelseordosomethingtothesamestandardassomebodyelse比得上;敌得过
conflictn.asituationinwhichpeople,groupsorcountriesareinvolvedinaseriousdisagreementorargument冲突;争执;争论
engenderv.tomakeafeelingorsituationexist产生,引起(某种感觉或情况)
posev.tocreateathreat,problem,etc.thathastobedealtwith造成(威胁、问题等);引起;产生
distinguishv.torecognizethedifferencebetweentwopeopleorthings区分;辨别;分清
wisdomn.theabilitytomakesensibledecisionsandgivegoodadvicebecauseoftheexperienceandknowledgethatyouhave智慧;才智;精明
mentallyadv.connectedwithorhappeninginthemind精神上;智力上;思想上
spirituallyadv.inthewaythatisconnectedwiththehumanspirit,ratherthanthebodyorphysicalthings精神上;心灵上
desiren.towantsomething;towishforsomething渴望;期望
deliberatelyadv.doneinawaythatwasplanned,notbychance故意;蓄意;存心
instructv.toteachsomebodysomething,orshowthemhowtodosomething教授;指导
dreadv.tobeveryafraidofsomething;tofearthatsomethingbadisgoingtohappen非常害怕;极为担心
PhrasesandExpressions
moanabouttocomplainaboutsomethinginawaythatotherpeoplefindannoying抱怨
aseriesofseveraleventsorthingsofasimilarkindthathappenoneaftertheother一系列;连续
becauseofforthereasonof因为
aswellasinadditiontosomebody/something;too除…之外
cuttingedgethenewest,mostadvancedstageinthedevelopmentofsomething(处于某事物发展的)尖端,最前沿,领先阶段
callforthtoproduceaparticularreaction引起;使产生
重点词汇
transcendv.tobeorgobeyondtheusuallimitsofsomething超出,超越(通常的界限)
eg:
Suchmatterstranscendman'sknowledge,i.e.wecannotknowaboutthem.这些问题人类是无法了解的。
衍生
transcendentadj.extremelygreat;supreme卓越的;至高无上的
eg:
awriteroftranscendentgenius杰出的天才作家
burdenn.aduty,responsibility,etc.thatcausesworry,difficultyorhardwork(义务、责任等的)重担,负担
eg:
bear/carry/shoulderaheavyburden负有/负起/肩负/重担
afflictionn.painandsufferingorsomethingthatcausesit折磨;痛苦
eg:
helppeopleinaffliction帮助受苦的人
衍生
afflictv.[usu.passive通常用於被动语态]
~sb./sth.(withsth.)causetrouble,painordistresstosb./sth.使某人/某物苦恼﹑疼痛或悲痛
eg:
Sheisafflictedwith(i.e.suffersfrom)arthritis.她患关节炎。
Severedroughthasafflictedthecountryside.严重的干旱使乡村深受其害。
构词
词根flict=tostrike打击
afflictv.折磨
afflictionn.痛苦
conflictn.冲突
inflictv.使遭受
inflictionn.痛苦
speciesn.agroupintowhichanimals,plants,etc.thatareabletobreedwitheachotherandproducehealthyyoungaredivided,smallerthanagenusandidentifiedbyaLatinname种,物种(分类上小于属)
eg:
pandasandotherendangeredspecies熊猫和其他濒危物种
confrontv.todealwithaproblemordifficultsituation处理,解决(问题或困境)
beconfrontedwithsth.
eg:
Customersareconfrontedwithabewilderingamountofchoice.顾客面临众多选择。
衍生
confrontationn.(instanceof)angryopposition对抗;对抗的事物
eg:
aconfrontationbetweenthegovernmentandtheunions政府与工会之间的对抗
instructv.toteachsomebodysomething,orshowthemhowtodosomething教授;指导
~sb.(insth.)
eg:
instructaclass(inhistory)教某班级(历史)
衍生
instructorn.personwhoinstructs;trainer教员;教练;指导员
eg:
adrivinginstructor驾驶教练
instructionn.~(insth.)processofteaching;knowledgeorteachinggiven(对知识的)教授,传授;(传授的)知识;教导
eg:
Inthiscourse,studentsreceiveinstructioninbasicengineering.在本课程中,学生能学到基础工程学的知识。
构词
词根struct=tobuild建造,建立
structuren.构造,结构
constructv.建设
constructionn.建设
destructionn.毁灭
destructiveadj.有破坏力的
instructv.指导
instructionn.教导
superstructuren.上层建筑
LifeIsDifficult
P1
Lifeisdifficult.
Thisisagreattruth,oneofthegreatesttruths.Itisagreattruthbecauseoncewetrulyseethistruthwetranscendit.Oncewetrulyknowthatlifeisdifficult—oncewetrulyunderstandandacceptit—thenlifeisnolongerdifficult.Becauseonceitisaccepted,thefactthatlifeisdifficultnolongermatters.
P2
Mostpeopledonotfullyseethistruththatlifeisdifficult.
P3
Insteadtheymoanmoreorlessincessantly,noisilyorsubtly,abouttheenormityoftheirproblems,theirburdens,andtheirdifficultiesasiflifeweregenerallyeasy,asiflifeshouldbeeasy.Theyvoicetheirbelief,noisilyorsubtly,thattheirdifficultiesrepresentauniquekindofafflictionthatshouldnotbeandthathassomehowbeenespeciallyvisiteduponthem,orelseupontheirfamilies,theirtribe,theirclass,theirnation,theirrace,oreventheirspecies,andnotuponothers.IknowaboutthismoaningbecauseIhavedonemyshare.
P4
Lifeisaseriesofproblems.Dowewanttomoanaboutthemorsolvethem?
Dowewanttoteachourchildrentosolvethem?
P5
Disciplineisthebasicsetoftoolswerequiretosolvelife'sproblems.Withoutdisciplinewecansolvenothing.Withonlysomedisciplinewecansolveonlysomeproblems.Withtotaldisciplinewecansolveallproblems.
P6
Whatmakeslifedifficultisthattheprocessofconfrontingandsolvingproblemsisapainfulone.Problems,dependingupontheirnature,evokeinusfrustrationofgrief,sadness,loneliness,guilt,regret,anger,fear,anxiety,anguish,ordespair.Theseareuncomfortablefeelings,oftenveryuncomfortable,oftenaspainfulasanykindofphysicalpain,sometimesequalingtheveryworstkindofphysicalpain.Indeed,itisbecauseofthepainthateventsorconflictsengenderinusallthatwecancallthemproblems.Andsincelifeposesanendlessseriesofproblems,lifeisalwaysdifficultandisfullofpainaswellasjoy.
P7
Yetitisinthiswholeprocessofmeetingandsolvingproblemsthatlifehasitsmeaning.Problemsarethecuttingedgethatdistinguishesbetweensuccessandfailure.Problemscallforthourcourageandourwisdom;indeed,theycreateourcourageandourwisdom.Itisonlybecauseofproblemsthatwegrowmentallyandspiritually.Whenwedesiretoencouragethegrowthofthehumanspirit,wechallengeandencouragethehumancapacitytosolveproblems,justasinschoolwedeliberatelysetproblemsforourchildrentosolve.Itisthroughthepainofconfrontingandresolvingthatwelearn.AsBenjaminFranklinsaid,"Thosethingsthathurt,instruct."Itisforthisreasonthatwisepeoplelearnnottodreadbutactuallytowelcomeproblemsandactuallytowelcomethepainofproblems.
链接
Holdfasttodream
---LangstonHughes
Holdfasttodreams紧紧抓住梦想
Forifdreamsdie梦想若是消亡
Lifeisabroken-wingedbird生命就象鸟儿折了翅膀
Thatcanneverfly再也不能飞翔
Holdfasttodreams紧紧抓住梦想
Forwhendreamsgo梦想若是消丧
Lifeisabarrenfield生命就象贫瘠的荒野
Frozenonlywithsnow雪覆冰封,万物不再生长
语法点睛
(一)名词从句
1.本质:
句子(S+V)分别充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语,便构成了主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
这四种从句本质都有名词的性质,所以统称名词性从句。
2.经研究发现,名词从句就是用三种句子(陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句)来分别充当另外一个句子的四种句子成分,但做了一定的调整。
演化如下:
1)陈述句做成分,在其前加引导词that。
陈述句Englishisimportant.
ThatEnglishisimportantisanundoubtedfact.
主语从句
IknowthatEnglishisimportant.
宾语从句
MyideaisthatEnglishisimportant.
表语从句
IholdtheopinionthatEnglishisimportant.
同位语从句
2)一般疑问句做成分,在其加引导词whether,并变倒装语序为正装语序。
一般疑问句Willhecometomyparty?
Whetherhewillcometomypartymakesnodifferencetome.
主语从句
Idon'tknowwhether/ifhewillcometomyparty.
宾语从句
Myquestioniswhetherhewillcometomyparty.
表语从句
I
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 英语二 自考 英语 出版 最新 讲义 第五