湖南届高考英语冲刺集训Day 127选5阅读4.docx

湖南届高考英语冲刺集训Day 127选5阅读4.docx

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湖南届高考英语冲刺集训Day127选5阅读4

Day127选5阅读（4）

Passage1

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377限时：

8分钟

FamilyValues

Tounderstandanation,youshouldfirstgettoknowitsminimumunit—family.1

IntheUS,uponreachinganappropriateage,childrenareencouraged,butnotforced,to“leavethenest”andbeginanindependentlife.2Parentsdonotarrangemarriagesfortheirchildren,nordochildrenusuallyaskpermissionoftheirparentstogetmarried.Youngadultsmeettheirfuturespouses（配偶）throughotherfriends,atjobs,andinorganizationsandreligiousinstitutions.Althoughchildrenchoosetheirownspouses,theystillhopetheirparentswillapproveoftheirchoices.

Parentsfeelthatchildrenshouldmakemajorlifedecisionsbythemselvesinmanyfamilies.Aparentmaytrytoinfluenceachildtofollowaparticularprofessionbutthechildisfreetochooseanotherjob.3Asonmaydeliberatelydecidenottogointohisfather’sbusinessbecauseofafearthathewilllosehisindependenceinhisfather’sworkplace.Thisindependencefromparentsisnotanindicationthatparentsandchildrendonotloveeachother.StronglovebetweenparentsandchildrenisuniversalandthisisnoexceptionintheAmericanfamily.

4ItisnotlikeweChinese.Parentsarerulersandmasters.WeChineseloveourparentswithfearandtotalrespect.InAmerica,childrenalwayshavetheirownopinionsandevencantalkaboutsomesensitiveproblemswiththeirparents,likefamilyfinancialsituation,therelationshipbetweenmotherandfather,andevensex.

5Therefore,itiscontrarythat,ononehand,Americansadmireindependenceandequalitythattheydon’twanttomakesacrificetomakeupafamily,butontheotherhand,Americansthinkhighlyoffamilyintheirvaluesystem.

A.IntheAmericanfamily,childrenandparentsareequal.

B.Itcanreflectthetraditionalvaluesandcustomsofanation.

C.Whenitcomestobigproblems,childrendonothavetoalwaysfollowtheirparents’ways.

D.Afterchildrenleavehome,theyoftenfindsocialrelationshipandfinancialsupportoutsidethefamily.

E.AlthoughAmericanspaymuchattentiontoindependenceandequality,theydon’tbelieveinmakingsacrifice.

F.Sometimeschildrendopreciselytheoppositeofwhattheirparentswishinordertodeclaretheirindependence.

G.Manyofthemareexpectedtoleavewhatcouldbelife’smostimportantdecision—marriagealmostentirelyuptoluck.

Passage2

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252限时：

7分钟

HowtoSleepBetter

Ifyou’rehavingtroublegettinggoodsleepthroughthenight（turning,wakingupmorethanonce,forexample）,thistextwilltellyouwhatyoucandotoensureapeacefulnight’ssleep.

1.Getonschedule.Changingyoursleepingtimebymorethananhourcanseverelydisturbyoursleepquality.1Forexample,ifyounormallywakeupat6a.m.onweekdaystogettowork,youmightgotobedaround10p.m.,becausethat’swhenyoustarttofeelsleepy,andit’salsoagoodtimetoensure8hoursofsleep.If,ontheweekend,yousleepuntil9a.m.,youprobablywon’tbeabletofallasleepthatnightuntil1a.m.

2.2Waitatleastthreehoursafterdinnerbeforegoingtosleep.Digestionslowsdownwhileasleep,andafullstomachmayinterruptsleep.Similarly,youshouldavoidgoingtobedwithanemptystomach,asacompletelyemptystomachmayequallydisturbyoursleepingpatterns.

3.3Exposuretolightduringthetimewhenyou’resupposedtobesleepingcandisruptyourbody’sinternalclock.Turnyourlightoff,oruseaverydimnightlight4Theyincludewindows,LEDclocks,computerlightsandcableboxes.

4.Changeyoursleepingposition.Youmaythinkthatit’simpossibletocontrolwhatpositionyousleepinsinceyouaren’tfullyawareofwhatyouaredoing,butitispossibleanditcanmakeaconsiderabledifference.5

A.Trytoavoidallsourcesoflight.

B.Keeptheroomasdarkaspossible.

C.Makenoteofunusualcircumstances.

D.Bemindfulofwhatyoueatordrinkbeforebed.

E.Sleepisconsideredtobeadequateonlywhenthereisnodaytimesleepiness.

F.Inotherwords,suddenchangeofsleepingtimewillaffectyour“biologicalclock”.

G.Soifyouwakeupinthemiddleofthenight,makeanefforttohaveacomfortableposition.

Passage3

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233限时：

7分钟

AlthoughdifferentuniversitiesintheUShavedifferentadmissionspolicies,mostdetermineadmissionbasedonseveralstandards,includingastudent’shighschoolcourseofstudy,highschoolGradePointAverage（GPA）,participationinactivities,SATorACTexamscores,awrittenessay,andpossiblyapersonalinterview.

Theuniversityadmissionsofficeconsiderswhetherastudenthastakencoursesinhighschoolthat,havepreparedhimorherformoredifficultcoursework.Astudent’shighschoolGPAisalsoconsidered.1Eachlettergradeisassignedanumberofpoints:

A=4points,B=3,C=2,D=1andF=0point.AGPAiscalculatedbyaddingallofthepointsearnedforeachcoursegradeanddividingthetotalpointsbythetotalnumberofcoursestaken.2

Universitiesprefertoseeapplicationsfromhighschoolstudentswhohaveengagedinactivitiesintheirsparetime,suchasclubs,athleticteamsandstudentgovernment.3

MoststudentsintheUStaketheSATReasoningTestortheACTduringtheirfinalyearofhighschool.EachuniversitysetsaminimumSATorACTscorethatastudentmustachieveinordertobeadmitted.Thesearestandardizedquantitativeexaminations.TheSATtestscriticalreading,mathandwritingskills.4

Studentsareoftenrequiredtowriteanessayaspartoftheapplicationprocess.5Theapplicantsmayalsoberequiredtohaveapersonalinterviewwitharepresentativefromtheadmissionsoffice.

A.Astudentwhofailsarequiredcoursemustrepeatthecourse.

B.AGPAisafigurerepresentingastudent’saccumulatedgrades.

C.Eachadmissionsofficedeterminesthelengthandcontentoftheessay.

D.Forexample,aGPAof3.0isa“B”averageforallofthecoursestaken.

E.Astudentgraduatesafterheorshehassuccessfullypassedalltherequiredcourses.

F.TheACTtestsEnglish,math,reading,sciencereasoningandoptionalwriting.

G.Voluntaryparticipationintheseactivitiesshowsstudentshavelearnedvaluablelifelessons.

Passage4

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234限时：

7分钟

Americansusetheterm“collegestudents”torefertostudentseitherincollegesoruniversities.Notonlythat,Americansalmostneversay“goingofftouniversity”or“whenIwasinuniversity”.ThatsoundsBritish.1College,university：

what’sthedifference?

2Bothofferundergraduatedegreesintheartsandsciences,forexample.Andbothcanhelpprepareyoungpeopletoearnaliving.Butmanycollegesdonotoffergraduatestudies.Anotherdifferenceisthatuniversitiesaregenerallybigger.3

Anotherplaceofhighereducation,especiallyintechnicalareas,isaninstitute,liketheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.Yetevenaninstituteoftechnologycanofferawidechoiceofprogramsandactivities.

ModernuniversitiesdevelopedfromthoseofEuropeintheMiddleAges.Theword“university”camefromtheLatinuniversity,describingagroupofpeopleorganizedforacommonpurpose.

4InEngland,collegeswereformedtoprovidestudentswithplacestolive.Usuallyeachgroupwasstudyingthesamething.Socollegecametomeananareaofstudy.

ThefirstAmericanuniversitiesdividedtheirstudiesintoanumberofareasandcalledeachoneacollege.Thisisstilltrue.5Forexample,HarvardCollegeistheundergraduatepartofHarvardUniversity.

Programsinhigherlearningcanalsobecalledschools,likeaschoolofengineeringoramedicalschoolwithinacollegeoruniversity.Youknow,learningallthesetermsisaneducationinitself.

A.TherearemoreuniversitiesthancollegesintheUSA.

B.Acollegecanalsobepartofauniversity.

C.“College”camefromcollegium,aLatinwordwithasimilarmeaning.

D.Theyoffermoreprogramsanddomoreresearch.

E.Universitiesandcollegesofferstudentsdifferentopportunities.

F.Collegesanduniversitieshavemanythingsincommon.

G.Instead,theysay“goingofftocollege”or“whenIwasincollege”.

答案及解析

Passage1

【语篇导读】本文介绍了美国家庭的价值观，他们崇尚独立和平等，虽然不愿意为家庭做出牺牲，但是在他们的价值体系中，家庭仍然是不可或缺的。

1.B【解析】根据文章的标题FamilyValues以及上文的Tounderstandanation，youshouldfirstgettoknowitsminimumunit—family.可知，要了解一个国家，你首先应该了解其最小的单位——家庭。

家庭能够反映一个国家的传统价值观和习俗。

故选B项。

2.D【解析】由上文的…to“leavethenest”andbeginanindependentlife.可知，在美国，到了合适的年龄，孩子们就被鼓励但不是被迫离开家开始独立的生活。

在孩子们离开家以后，他们常常在家庭之外找到社会关系和经济援助。

故选项D符合题意。

3.F【解析】根据上文的Aparentmaytrytoinfluenceachildtofollowaparticularprofessionbutthechildisfreetochooseanotherjob.以及下文的Asonmaydeliberatelydecidenottogointohisfather’sbusinessbecauseofafearthathewilllosehisindependenceinhisfather’sworkplace.可知，为了宣布自己独立，有时孩子们会做与父母的愿望恰恰相反的事情。

故选项F正确。

4.A【解析】由下文的ItisnotlikeweChinese.Parentsarerulersandmasters.可知，不像我们中国人，父母像统治者和主人一样高高在上。

在美国的家庭里，孩子和父母是平等的。

故选A项。

5.E【解析】由下文的Therefore，itiscontrarythat，ononehand，Americansadmireindependenceandequalitythattheydon’twanttomakesacrificetomakeupafamily…可知，虽然美国人崇尚独立和平等，但是他们不想为了家庭而牺牲个人。

故选项E符合题意。

Passage2

【语篇导读】本文讲述如何才能有更好的睡眠质量，作者提到四点建议。

1.F【解析】根据上文的Getonschedule.Changingyoursleepingtimebymorethananhourcanseverelydisturbyoursleepquality.可知要遵循一定的时间表入睡，而改变睡眠时间可能会影响你的睡眠质量，这与F项意思一致。

2.D【解析】根据下文的Waitatleastthreehoursafterdinnerbeforegoingtosleep.可知，吃饭后至少要过三个小时再去睡觉。

故选D项（注意你睡前所吃或喝的东西）。

3.B【解析】根据下文的Exposuretolightduringthetimewhenyou’resupposedtobesleepingcandisruptyourbody’sinternalclock.可知，光线会扰乱你的生物钟。

故选B项（尽可能保持房间黑暗）。

4.A【解析】根据上一句Turnyourlightoff,oruseaverydimnightlight.可知，要关闭所有的灯或使用光线暗的夜灯。

故选A项（努力避开所有的光源）。

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