Unit 5 Dreams新编大学英语第二版第二册教案.docx
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Unit 5 Dreams新编大学英语第二版第二册教案.docx
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Unit5Dreams新编大学英语第二版第二册教案
Unit5Dreams
UsefulInformation
“Dreamssurelyaredifficult,confusing,andnoteverythinginthemisbroughttopassformankind.Forfleetingdreamshavetwogates;oneisfashionedofhornandoneofivory.Thosewhichpassthroughtheoneofsawnivoryaredeceptive,bringingtidingswhichcometonought,butthosewhichissuefromtheoneofpolishedhornbringtrueresultswhenamortalseesthem.”
Homer,aGreekwriter
WhileourownunderstandingofdreamsiscertainlymorecomplexthanthatofHomer,therearestillmanythingsaboutdreamswhichwedonotunderstand.Weknowwhendreamsoccur,weknowtheycanbeeither“gooddreams”or“baddreams,”butthereisstillmuchdisagreementaboutwhat,ifany,significancedreamshavetoourlifewhileweareawake.
Theinterpretationofdreamshasbeenafavoriteactivityofpeopleforaslongaswehavehadrecordedhistory.Someofthesedreaminterpretershavebecomefamous,andsome,liketheEuropeanpsychologistSigmundFreud,feltthatalldreamshavemeaningswhichrelatetoourpersonalrelationshipswithfamilymembersandfriends.Freudfeltthatmanydreamshavesexualmeanings,butotherdreamexpertsrejectthisidea.
Gooddreamsincludethoseinwhichweseeourselvessucceedinginsomedifficultorpleasantactivitysuchassinging,dancing,talkingwithourfriends,orexperiencingthehappinesswhichmaynotoccurinourwakinghours.Manypersonsreportdreamsofcompetinginathleticcompetitionsormusiccompetitions,orofactinginadramaticproduction.Theperformanceintheseeventscangobeyondanythingwemightexperienceinreality.Whoamongushasnotdreamedofspendingpleasanthourswithourrealorimaginarylover,enjoyinghisorhercompanyinwaysknownonlytothosewhohaveloved?
Manypersonsreportdreamingofflying,jumpinggreatdistancesorheights,ordefeatingenemiesinbattle.Interpretersofsuchdreamsgivevariedmeanings,mostofwhichareprobablynotveryreliable.But,weoftenawakefromgooddreamsinagoodmood,restedandreadytofacetheday.
Badorunpleasantdreamsincludethosewhichfrightenus,recallunpleasantexperiencesfromourlives,orpresentproblemsforwhichthereisnoevidentsolution.Dreamsoffailinganexamatschool,dreamsoflosingajoboragoodfriend,dreamsofaccidentsordeathofalovedoneinourfamily,etc.areunsettlingandnoteasilyunderstood.Somedreamexpertsbelievethesedreamsarenowathreateningwaytofaceaproblemfromreallife.Theygiveusawaytodealwiththeproblemsothatwemayfinditlessstressfulinourwakinghours.
Whethergoodorbad,dreamsarecommonformostpersons.Thereisevidencethatdreamsalsooccurinotheranimalssuchasdogs,apes,etc.,though,ofcourse,wecannotknowforsure.Dogswhowhimper,growl,ormovetheirlegsandfeetasifrunningwhileasleepareprobablydreaming.Thisisaverycommonthingknowntodogownerswhohaveobservedtheirpetsclosely.
Inasense,progresswouldnotoccurinlifeifitwerenotforthedreamsofthosewhoareresponsibleforsolvingproblemsinoursociety.Inventors,musicians,andmanyotherssaythattheyfirstdreamedofanidea,andthenstartedplanswhichfulfilledtheirdreamsandmadethemareality.
Whatevertheirsignificance,dreamsareimportanteventstothedreamer,andinterestinthemwillcontinueaslongaslifecontinues.(587words)
InformationaboutSigmundFreudandCarlJung:
1)SigmundFreud(1856-1939):
AnAustriandoctorwhodevelopedanewsystemforunderstandingthewaythatpeople’smindswork,andanewwayoftreatingmentalillnesscalledpsychoanalysis.Hebelievedthatthebadexperiencesthatpeoplehaveaschildrencanaffecttheirmentalhealthasadults,andthatbytalkingtomentallyillpeople abouttheirpastlifeandfeelings,thehiddencausesoftheirillnesscanbefound.Hewrote TheInterpretationofDreams and TheEgoandtheId .Hisideas,especiallyabouttheimportanceofsex,hadaverygreatinfluenceonthewaythatpeoplethoughtinthe20thcentury.
2)CarlJung(1875-1961):
ASwisspsychiatristwhostudiedtheimportanceofdreamsandreligioninproblemsofthemind,anddividedpeopleintotwogroups,introvertsandextroverts.Jungdevelopedtheideaofthecollectiveunconscious,thebeliefthatpeople’sfeelingsandreactionsareoftenbasedondeepmemoriesofhumanexperienceinthepast.HeworkedwithSigmundFreuduntiltheyhadaseriousdisagreement.
PartOnePreparation
1.ADreamPoll
Sample1
Idon’tthinkdreamscanpredictthefuture.Inevertakedreamsseriously.Tome,dreamsarejustmeaninglessnonsense.Somepeopleclaimthatwhattheydreamedcametrue.Ifthisisthecase,itisonlybyaccident.
Sample2
Dreamscanmakemefeelgood.Afteragoodnight’ssleepandsomesweetdreams,IfeelhappyandfullofenergywhenIwakeupinthemorning.Butofcourse,Idon’tliketerribledreams.Thesedreamsmakemeverytired.
2.TalkingAboutYourDreams
Sample
A:
Howoftendoyoudream?
B:
Idreamalmosteverynight.
A:
Whatsortofdreamsdoyouhave?
Aretheyconnectedtoyourdailylife?
B:
Yes,Ialwaysdreamaboutthingsthatareconnectedtodailylife.Forexample,afterIplaycomputergamesforalongtime,Idreamofplayingcomputergames.Sometimes,Ican’tfindabook,butthenIdreamthatIhavefoundit.
A:
Doyouhaverecurringdreams?
B:
Yes,IoftendreamofhavingtotakeanexamIhaven’tpreparedfor.
A:
Haveyoueverwonderedaboutthemeaningsofyourdreams?
Doyouhaveanysatisfactoryexplanationsforyourdreams?
B:
Iamcuriousaboutthemeaningsofmydreams,butIdon’thaveanyexplanations.SomeonetoldmethatifIdreamofsnakesorcoffins,Iwillberich.Ididdreamofsnakesandcoffins,butIamstillverypoor.Iaskmyparentsformoneyeverymonth.
A:
Whydoyouthinkpeopledream?
B:
It’shardtosay.However,asaChinesesayinggoes:
Wethinkofsomethingduringtheday,andwedreamofitduringthenight.Ithinkwhenthebodyisatrest,themind,probablyapartofthebrain,continuestowork.Thatmaybethereasonwhywedream.
PartTwoReading-CenteredActivities
In-ClassReading
I. Pre-Reading
Sample
1)―Maybeit’stoohotinthebedroom.
―Thedreamermighthaverunintosomedifficultiesinreallife.
2)―Maybethedreamerhasbeenlongingtoseeadolphin.
―Thedreamerisgoingtohavegoodfortunebecausethedolphinisusuallybelievedtobeagoodomen.
3)―Thedreamermayhavetherealfearoflosinghisjoborhouse.
―Thedreamermayhavebeenlookingforajobandwillprobablyfindagoodonebecausethedreammayindicatetheoppositeofreality.
4)―Thedreamermayhavetherealfearoftakingexams.
―Thedreamermayhavethepreviousexperienceoffailinganexam.
―Thedreamermayhaveanexamtotakeinreallife.
5)―Thedreamermaybeinagoodmood.
―Thedreamermaybeverythirsty.
―Thedreamermayhavesomeimportantoccasiontocelebrate.
6)―Thedreamermaybeverythirsty.
―Maybethedreamerisbadlyinneedofthingslikemoney,love,andhelp.
7)―Thedreamermayhavetogetupearly.
―Thedreamermayhavethehabitofbeinglateforwork/school.
―Thedreamermayhavesleptthroughthealarm.
8)―Thedreamermayhavebeentrappedinsomedifficulties.
―Maybethedreamerisafraidofsomeunknowndanger.
―Itmayjustbethatthedreamerfeelsverytired.
II. PassageReading
Words,PhrasesandGrammaticalPoints
1.advance(l.3)
Theword“advance”heremeansachange,discovery,orinventionthatbringsprogress.Ithasseveralothermeanings:
n. 1)forwardmovement前进
e.g.Theenemy’sadvancewasstopped.
2)(inadvance)beforehand事先,预先
e.g. Ishouldwarnyouinadvancethat I’mnotaverygooddancer.
v. 1)comeorgoforward前进
e.g. Themob(暴徒)advancedtowardusshoutingangrily.
2)develop,improve发展,进步
e.g. Ourunderstandingofhumangenetics(遗传学)hasadvancedconsiderably.
Notethedifferencebetween“remember+v-ing”and“remember+to+v.”:
1)IrememberpostingtheletterbeforeIwenttowork(=Ipostedtheletterandcancallthiseventtomind).我记得上班之前寄了信。
2)IrememberedtoposttheletterbeforeIwenttowork(=Itookcarenottoforgettodothis)我记住上班之前要寄信。
2.happento(l.8)
“happen+to+v.”means“havethegoodorbadluckto…(碰巧,不巧)”
e.g.Ihappenedtolookoutofthewindowandsawhimpassby.
Insentenceslike“Ifanythinghappenstohim,letmeknow.”“to”isaprepositionwhichshouldbefollowedbyanounorpronoun.
3.…thefirstoccurringabout90minutesafterwefallasleep.(l.10—11)
Thispartofthesentencemeans“thefirststageoccursabout90minutesafterwefallasleep.”
Whenyouwanttomentionafactthatisrelevanttowhatisstatedinthemainclause,youcanuseanon-definingclausecontainingasubjectandapresentparticiple.
e.g. Batsaresurprisinglylong-livedcreatures,somehavingalife-expectancyofaroundtwentyyears.
4.last(l.11)
Inthissentence“last”functionsasaverb,meaning“goon,continue(继续,持续)”.
e.g. I)Howlongwillthisfilmlast?
II)ThehotweatherlasteduntilSeptember.
5.progress(l.12)
“Progress”functionsasaverbinthesentence,meaning“improve,develop(进展,发展)”.
e.g.I)Myexperimentisprogressingnicely.
II)Ourmeetinghasprogressedwell,coveringalotoftopics.
6.maywell(l.20)
Theexpression“maywell”or“mightwell”means“beverylikelyto(很可能)”.Herearemoreexamples:
e.g.I)Youmaywellbeaskedtosingsomethingunaccompanied.
II)Wagesmaywellfalltoextremelylowlevelsoverthenextyear.
III)Herlifemightwellhavebeensavedifshehadbeentakento
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