TED英语演讲稿越有钱越无情.docx
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TED英语演讲稿越有钱越无情.docx
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TED英语演讲稿越有钱越无情
TED英语演讲稿:
越有钱越无情?
简介:
人有了钱就会变坏?
社会心理学家paulpiff通过操纵大富翁游戏做了一个有趣的实验,测试人们感到富有时会如何表现。
iwantyouto,foramoment,thinkaboutplayingagameofmonopoly,exceptinthisgame,thatxxbinationofskill,talentandluckthathelpearnyousuccessingames,asinlife,hasbeenrenderedirrelevant,becausethisgame'sbeenrigged,andyou'vegottheupperhand.you'vegotmoremoney,moreopportunitiestomovearoundtheboard,andmoreaccesstoresources.andasyouthinkaboutthatexperience,iwantyoutoaskyourself,howmightthatexperienceofbeingaprivilegedplayerinariggedgamechangethewaythatyouthinkaboutyourselfandregardthatotherplayer?
soweranastudyonthe berkeleycampustolookatexactlythatquestion.webroughtinmorethan100pairsofstrangersintothelab,andwiththeflipofacoinrandomlyassignedoneofthetwotobearichplayerinariggedgame.theygottwotimesasmuchmoney.whentheypassedgo,theycollectedtwicethesalary,andtheygottorollbothdiceinsteadofone,sotheygottomovearoundtheboardalotmore.(laughter)andoverthecourseof15minutes,wewatchedthroughhiddencameraswhathappened.andwhatiwanttodotoday,forthefirsttime,isshowyoualittlebitofwhatwesaw.you'regoingtohavetopardonthesoundquality,insomecases,becauseagain,thesewerehiddencameras.sowe'veprovidedsubtitles.richplayer:
howmany500sdidyouhave?
poorplayer:
justone.
richplayer:
areyouserious.poorplayer:
yeah.
richplayer:
ihavethree.(laughs)idon'tknowwhytheygavemesomuch.
paulpiff:
okay,soitwasquicklyapparenttoplayersthatsomethingwasup.onepersonclearlyhasalotmoremoneythantheotherperson,andyet,asthegameunfolded,wesawverynotabledifferencesanddramaticdifferencesbegintoemergebetweenthetwoplayers.therichplayerstartedtomovearoundtheboardlouder,literallysmackingtheboardwiththeirpieceashewentaround.weweremorelikelytoseesignsofdominanceandnonverbalsigns,displaysofpowerandcelebrationamongtherichplayers.
wehadabowlofpretzelspositionedofftotheside.it'sonthebottomrightcornerthere.thatallowedustowatchparticipants'consummatorybehavior.sowe'rejusttrackinghowmanypretzelsparticipantseat.
richplayer:
arethosepretzelsatrick?
poorplayer:
idon'tknow.
pp:
okay,sonosurprises,peopleareontous.theywonderwhatthatbowlofpretzelsisdoingthereinthefirstplace.oneevenasks,likeyoujustsaw,isthatbowlofpretzelsthereasatrick?
andyet,despitethat,thepowerofthesituationseemstoinevitablydominate,andthoserichplayersstarttoeatmorepretzels.
richplayer:
ilovepretzels.
(laughter)
pp:
andasthegamewenton,oneofthereallyinterestinganddramaticpatternsthatweobservedbegintoemergewasthattherichplayersactuallystartedtobexxerudertowardtheotherperson,lessandlesssensitivetotheplightofthosepoor,poorplayers,andmoreandmoredemonstrativeoftheirmaterialsuccess,morelikelytoshowcasehowwellthey'redoing.richplayer:
ihavemoneyforeverything.poorplayer:
howmuchisthat?
richplayer:
youoweme24dollars.you'regoingtoloseallyourmoneysoon.i'llbuyit.ihavesomuchmoney.ihavesomuchmoney,ittakesmeforever.richplayer2:
i'mgoingtobuyoutthiswholeboard.richplayer3:
you'regoingtorunoutofmoneysoon.i'mprettymuchuntouchableatthispoint.
pp:
okay,andhere'swhatithinkwasreally,reallyinteresting,isthatattheendofthe15minutes,weaskedtheplayerstotalkabouttheirexperienceduringthegame.andwhentherichplayerstalkedaboutwhytheyhadinevitablywoninthisriggedgameofmonopoly--(laughter)—theytalkedaboutwhatthey'ddonetobuythosedifferentpropertiesandearntheirsuccessinthegame,andtheybecamefarlessattunedtoallthosedifferentfeaturesofthesituation,includingthatflipofacointhathadrandomlygottenthemintothatprivilegedpositioninthefirstplace.andthat'sareally,reallyincredibleinsightintohowthemindmakessenseofadvantage.
nowthisgameofmonopolycanbeusedasametaphorforunderstandingsocietyanditshierarchicalstructure,whereinsomepeoplehavealotofwealthandalotofstatus,andalotofpeopledon't.theyhavealotlesswealthandalotlessstatusandalotlessaccesstovaluedresources.andwhatmycolleaguesandiforthelastsevenyearshavebeendoingisstudyingtheeffectsofthesekindsofhierarchies.whatwe'vebeenfindingacrossdozensofstudiesandthousandsofparticipantsacrossthiscountryisthatasaperson'slevelsofwealthincrease,theirfeelingsofxxpassionandempathygodown,andtheirfeelingsofentitlement,ofdeservingness,andtheirideologyofself-interestincreases.insurveys,wef
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