英语常识.docx
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英语常识.docx
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英语常识
【各种武器】
airgun:
汽枪
ammunition:
弹药
anti-aircraft:
高射的
anti-personnel:
杀伤人员的
anti-tank:
反坦克的
artillery:
火炮
assaultrifle:
突击步枪
automatic:
自动的
bayonet:
刺刀
bazooka:
巴祖卡火箭筒
bomb:
炸弹
bullet:
子弹
cannon:
加农炮
carbine:
卡宾枪
club(baton;truncheon):
棍棒
clustermunition(clusterbomb):
集束炸弹
flamethrower:
火焰喷射器
grenadelauncher:
榴弹发射器
handgun:
手枪
handgrenade:
手榴弹
howitzer:
榴弹炮
improvisedexplosivedevice(IED):
简易爆炸装置
landmine(proximitymine):
地雷
machinegun:
机关枪
missile:
导弹
mortar:
迫击炮
musket:
鸟铳
pepperspray(OCspray):
胡椒喷雾
pistol:
手枪
revolver:
左轮手枪
rifle:
步枪
riotshield:
防暴盾
rocket:
火箭
rocketlauncher(missilelauncher):
火箭筒
semi-automatic:
半自动的
shotgun:
霰弹枪
sniperrifle:
狙击步枪
submachinegun(SMG):
冲锋枪
teargas(lachrymatoryagent;lachrymator):
催泪弹
timebomb:
计时炸弹
【200个常见病症】
1.Acne:
痤疮
2.ADHD(AttentionDeficitHyperactivityDisorder)(formerlyADD):
注意力不足过动症;注意力缺失症
3.Agoraphobia:
广场恐惧症
4.AIDS(AcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndrome):
艾滋病
5.Albinism:
白化症
6.Alcoholism:
酗酒
7.Allergy:
过敏
8.Alzheimer’sdisease:
老年痴呆症;阿尔茨海默病
9.Amnesia:
失忆症
10.Anaemia:
贫血
11.Anorexianervosa:
神经性厌食症;厌食症
12.Anthrax:
炭疽病
13.Antisocialpersonalitydisorder(APD):
反社会型人格异常
14.Anxietydisorder:
焦虑症
15.Appendicitis:
阑尾炎
16.Arthritis:
关节炎
17.Aspergersyndrome:
亚斯伯格症候群
18.Asthma:
哮喘
19.Athlete’sfoot:
脚气;香港脚
20.Autism:
自闭症
21.Baldness(hairloss;alopecia):
脱发;秃头;光头
22.Beriberi:
脚气病
23.Bipolardisorder(bipolaraffectivedisorder;formerlymanicdepressivedisorder):
躁郁症
24.Bodydysmorphicdisorder(BDD):
身体变形性精神障碍
25.Borderlinepersonalitydisorder(BPD):
边缘性人格障碍
26.Bowelcancer(colorectalcancer):
大肠癌
27.Breastcancer:
乳癌
28.Bronchitis:
支气管炎
29.Brucellosis(Bang’sdisease):
布鲁氏菌病
30.Bunion(Halluxvalgus):
拇外翻畸形
31.Thrush(candidiasis;yeastinfection):
念珠菌症
32.Chagasdisease(Americantrypanosomiasis):
查加斯病
33.Chlamydiatrachomatis:
砂眼衣原体
34.Bulimianervosa:
神经性暴食症;暴食症
35.Cardiovasculardisease(CVD):
心血管疾病
36.Catscratchdisease:
猫抓病
37.Cataracts:
白内障
38.Cervicalcancer:
子宫颈癌
39.Chickenpox:
水痘
40.Chlamydia:
衣原菌
41.Cholera:
霍亂
42.ChronicFatigueSyndrome(CFS):
慢性疲勞症候群
43.Claustrophobia:
幽闭恐惧症
44.Coeliacdisease(glutenintolerance):
麸质不耐症;面筋不耐症
45.Colitis:
结肠炎
46.Commoncold:
(nasopharyngitis):
普通感冒;伤风
47.Conjunctivitis(“pinkeye”):
结膜炎;红眼病
48.Coronaryheartdisease:
冠心病
49.Cowpox:
牛痘
50.Emphysema:
肺气肿
51.Gangrene:
坏疽
52.Goitre(bronchocele):
甲状腺肿
53.Heartdisease:
心脏病
54.Hyperopia(farsightedness;longsightedness):
远视
55.Delirium(acuteconfusionalstate):
谵妄
56.Dementia:
痴呆症
57.Denguefever:
骨痛热症
58.Depression:
抑郁症
59.Dermatitis:
皮炎
60.Dermatophytosis(tinea;ringworm):
癣
61.Diabetes:
糖尿病
62.Diphtheria:
白喉
63.DissociativeIdentityDisorder(DID;“multiplepersonalities”):
解离性人格疾患;人格分裂
64.Downsyndrome:
唐氏综合症
65.Dwarfism:
侏儒症
66.Dysentery:
痢疾
67.Ebolavirusdisease(EVD):
埃博拉病毒
68.Eczema:
湿疹
69.Encephalitis:
脑炎
70.Epiglottitis:
会厌炎
71.Epilepsy:
癫痫
72.Erectiledysfunction(impotence;maleimpotency):
勃起功能障碍
73.Exhibitionism:
暴露癖
74.Foodpoisoning:
食物中毒
75.Fungalinfection(mycosis):
霉菌病;真菌病
76.Gastroesophagealrefluxdisease:
胃食管反流病
77.Genderidentitydisorder(GID):
性别认同障碍
78.Generalizedanxietydisorder(GAD):
广泛性焦虑症
79.Genitalwarts:
尖锐湿疣;生殖器湿疣
80.Glandularfever(infectiousmononucleosis):
傳染性單核白血球增多症;淋巴腺热;腺热病
81.Glaucoma:
青光眼
82.Gonorrhoea:
淋病
83.Gout:
痛风
84.Haemorrhoids(“piles”):
痔疮
85.Hand,footandmouthdisease(HFMD):
手足口病
86.Headlice(pediculosis):
头虱
87.Heartattack(myocardialinfarction):
心脏病发作;心肌梗死
88.Henipavirus(Hendravirus;Nipahvirus):
立百病毒
89.HepatitisA:
甲型肝炎
90.HepatitisB:
乙型肝炎
91.HepatitisC:
丙型肝炎
92.HepatitisD:
丁型肝炎
93.HepatitisE:
戊型肝炎
94.Hepatitis:
肝炎
95.Hernia:
疝气
96.Herpeszoster(shingles):
带状疱疹
97.Herpes:
疱疹
98.Histrionicpersonalitydisorder(HPD):
戏剧化人格违常
99.HIV(HumanImmunodeficiencyVirus):
人类免疫缺陷病毒
100.HPV(HumanPapillomavirus):
人类乳突病毒
101.Huntington’sdisease:
亨丁顿舞蹈症
102.Hyperthyroidism:
甲状腺功能亢进症
103.Hypothermia:
低体温症
104.Impetigo(schoolsores):
脓痂疹
105.Hypoglycaemia:
低血糖
106.Infertility:
不孕
107.Influenza:
流行性感冒;流感
108.Irritablebowelsyndrome:
肠易激综合征
109.Jaundice:
黄疸病
110.Kleptomania:
盗窃狂症
111.Kuru:
库鲁病
112.Kwashiorkor:
夸休可尔症
113.Leadpoisoning:
铅中毒
114.Leptospirosis(Weil’sdisease;canicolafever):
钩端螺旋体病
115.Learningdisability:
学习障碍
116.Leprosy:
麻风病
117.Leukaemia:
白血病
118.Lockjaw:
牙关紧闭症
119.Lungcancer:
肺癌
120.Lupuserythematosus(lupus):
红斑性狼疮
121.Lymedisease:
莱姆病
122.Lymphoma:
淋巴瘤
123.Metastasis:
远端转移
124.Multiplemyeloma:
多发性骨髓瘤
125.Osteoarthritis:
退化性关节炎
126.Paratyphoidfever(entericfever):
副伤寒
127.Mad-cowdisease(bovinespongiformencephalopathy):
疯牛病
128.Majordepressivedisorder(clinicaldepression):
重性抑郁障碍
129.Malaria:
疟疾
130.Malnutrition:
营养不良
131.Measles:
麻疹
132.Megalomania:
自大狂
133.Melancholia(lugubriousness;moroseness):
忧郁
134.Melanoma:
黑色素瘤
135.Meningitis:
脑膜炎
136.Meningococcaldisease:
137.Meningococcaldisease:
脑膜炎球菌病
138.MentalRetardation(MR):
智能障碍;智力障碍
139.Miliaria(sweatrash;pricklyheat):
痱子
140.Mooddisorder:
情感障碍
141.MultipleSclerosis(MS):
多发性硬化症
142.Mumps:
腮腺炎
143.Myopia(nearsightedness;shortsightedness):
近视
144.Presbyopia:
老花
145.Narcissisticpersonalitydisorder(NPD):
自恋型人格障碍
146.Narcolepsy:
发作性嗜睡病
147.Nightterror:
夜惊
148.Obesity:
肥胖
149.Obsessive-CompulsiveDisorder(OCD):
强迫症
150.Osteoporosis:
骨质疏松症
151.Pancreatitis:
胰腺炎
152.Panicdisorder:
恐慌症
153.Parkinson’sdisease:
帕金森综合症
154.Phenylketonuria(PKU):
苯丙酮尿症
155.Porphyria:
紫质症
156.Prostatitis:
前列腺炎
157.Pilonidaldisease(pilonidalcyst):
藏毛性疾病
158.Plague:
瘟疫
159.Pneumonia:
肺炎
160.Polio(poliomyelitis;infantileparalysis):
小儿麻痹
161.PosttraumaticStressDisorder(PTSD):
创伤后心理压力紧张综合症;创伤后压力症
162.Prematureejaculation:
早泄
163.Problemgambling(ludomania):
问题赌博
164.Prostatecancer:
前列腺癌
165.Psittacosis:
鹦鹉热
166.Pulmonaryembolism:
肺栓塞
167.Psoriasis:
牛皮癬
168.Psychosis:
思觉失调
169.Pubiclice(crablice;“crabs”):
阴虱
170.Qfever:
Q型流感
171.Repetitivestraininjury(RSI):
重复使力伤害;重复性劳损
172.Rabies:
狂犬病
173.Rheumaticfever:
风湿热
174.Rickets:
佝偻病
175.Sickle-celldisease(sickle-cellanemia):
镰刀型红血球疾病
176.Silicosis:
矽肺
177.Rheumatism:
风湿病
178.Rhinitis:
鼻炎
179.Rubella(Germanmeasles):
德国麻疹
180.Salmonella:
沙门氏菌
181.Scabies:
疥疮
182.Scarletfever:
猩红热
183.Schizoaffectivedisorder:
分裂情感性障碍
184.Schizoidpersonalitydisorder(SPD):
类精神分裂型人格违常
185.Schizophrenia:
精神分裂症
186.Scurvy:
坏血病
187.Sepsis(septicemia):
败血症
188.SevereAcuteRespiratorySyndrome(SARS):
严重急性呼吸系统综合症;萨斯病;非典
189.Skincancer(skinneoplasm):
皮肤癌
190.Sleepdisorder:
睡眠障碍
191.Sleepwalking(somnambulism):
梦游症
192.Slippeddisc:
腰椎间盘突出
193.Smallpox:
天花病毒
194.Somatizationdisorder(Briquet’sdisorder):
躯体化失调
195.Spinabifida:
脊柱裂
196.Stomachflu(gastroenteritis):
肠胃炎
197.Tay-Sachsdisease:
家族性黑蒙性白痴
198.Tenniselbow:
网球肘
199.Toxicshocksyndrome:
中毒性休克综合征
200.Stroke:
中风
【130个形容个性的词汇】
乐观–optimistic
悲观–pessimistic
内向–introverted
外向–extroverted
自信–self-confident
豁达–1.optimistic2.open-minded
风趣–witty
忠诚–loyal
谨慎–cautious
耿直–honestandjust
机智–1.quick-witted2.resourceful
务实–pragmatic
博学–learned
感性–emotional
理性–rational
优雅–graceful;elegant
随和–laidback;easy-going
含蓄–reserved
慷慨–generous
果断–decisive
利索–quickonone’sfeet;nimble;sprightly[ofoldpeople]
忍耐–tolerant;patient
寡言–quiet;taciturn[formal]
冲动–impulsive;impetuous[formal]
踏实–down-to-earth
豪爽–directandstraight-forward;forthright[formal]
勤奋–hardworking;diligent[formal]
开放–open-minded;liberal;progressive
好客–hospitable
细心–1.attentive2.meticulous
孝顺–filial[formal];loyalorobedienttoone’sparents
稳重–stable
柔弱–1.weak2.delicate
冷淡–coldandindifferent;aloof
冷漠–cold;detached;apathetic;indifferent
自嘲–self-deprecating
自卑–haveaninferioritycomplex;self-abasing[formal]
狭隘–narrow-minded
虚伪–1.hypocritical2.fake
愚笨–1.foolish2.clumsy
无知–ignorant
迷信–superstitious
保守–conservative
随便–1.casual2.promiscious
现实–realistic
孤僻–antisocial
懒惰–lazy
封闭–closedoff;unreceptive[formal]
单纯–pure;innocent
幼稚–childish;naive
呆板–1.stiff;inflexible2.dull
吝啬–stingy;mean;miserly[formal]
抠门–stingy;cheap
淡定–calmandcollected
大胆–bold;daring;fearless
胆小–cowardly
活泼–cheerful;chipper;vivacious[formal]
坦率–frank[neutral];blunt[negative]
正直–upright
准时–punctual
体贴–considerate;thoughtful
明智–wise
英明–wise
古怪–eccentric
凶–aggressive;hostile;
笨拙–clumsy
变态–perverted
轻浮–frivolous;flippant
愚蠢–foolish
健忘–forgetful
贪婪–greedy
馋–1.gluttonous2.greedy
刻薄–mean
天真–naïve
淫荡–dirty;lewd[formal];licentious[formal]
下流–vulgar[formal]
好色–dirty;lecherous[formal]
缺德–wicked;mean
卑鄙–despicable;base[formal]
土–unsophisticated
怕羞–shy;timid;bashful[formal]
腼腆–shy;timid;bashful[formal]
合群–sociable
懂事–1.sensible2.obedient;well-behaved
贱–nasty;bitchy
多变–fickle
鲁莽–reckless;hot-headed
挑剔–picky;fussy
顽固–stubborn;obstinate[formal]
肤浅–superficial;shallow
自恋–narcissistic[formal]
臭美–vain
任性–headstrong;willful
粗鲁–rude;abrupt
健壮–strong;healthy;athletic
幽默–funny;hilarious;humorous
搞笑–funny;hilarious
宅–nerdy;s/heisahomebody
节俭–frugal;thrifty
神经质–neurotic
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