中考总复习译林牛津初三九年级英语 完形阅读理解专题训练.docx
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中考总复习译林牛津初三九年级英语 完形阅读理解专题训练.docx
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中考总复习译林牛津初三九年级英语完形阅读理解专题训练
中考英语阅读理解解题技巧
阅读理解在英语考试中的地位
是英语能力培养的重点项目,是考试的一个重要题型,分值高、题量大。
所以有成也阅读,败也阅读的说法。
阅读理解考查的根本是检验学生对有关信息的加工能力。
阅读理解能力的重要标志是阅读速度和理解力的正确率。
因此,阅读理解的功夫应下在平时。
多分析题型,多了解考点,真正做到有的放矢,提高命中率。
一、细节事实 新课程标准有关阅读最基本的要求是“能从一般性文章中获取和处理主要信息”。
对这种“获取和处理主要信息”能力的考查,主要采用的方式就是细节判断。
这类题在阅读理解题中占据半壁江山,做好这类题是确保基础分的关键。
同时,弄清细节,正确获取信息,也是把握文章主旨的前提。
因此,要特别重视做好这类题。
1、细节事实题题干常见的问句形式 1)TrueorNOTtrue是非判断类型
WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?
WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?
WhichofthefollowingisNOTconsideredas……?
Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasoneofthereasonsfor……?
2)特殊疑问词提问类型Howmany……?
What/who/when/where/how/why……?
3)排序题类型Whichoftheordersiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?
4)例证题类型Theauthorgivestheexamplein……paragraphinorderto…… 5)表唯一细节概念题类型:
……themost/~est…………theonly…… 2、细节事实题的解题方法:
做这类题的一般方法是先要找出题干或是选项中的关键字,一般为数字、大写或人名地名,再通过scanning(精读)快速确定该细节在文中的出处(信息源),仔细对照题干要求,排除或选择。
命题者在出这类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的手法来迷惑考生,即对原句细微处做改动,截取原文词语或结构进行改造,因果倒置,把A的观点说成B的观点等。
所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是关键。
细节事实题还要十分注意句子的非主干成分,如定语、状语、补语等,这些成分都是出题者常进行误导的落脚点。
是非判断一般都遵循对照选项进行“三对一错或三错一对”的判断。
若该信息句是长句或难句,要学会找出其主干部分,分析句子结构,正确理解信息句的意义。
一定要注意的是,要所答是所问,不要受到惯势思维的影响,习惯性地去选择正确的细节事实,切记要弄清问题,不要所答非所问。
例证题一定要注意以forexample……,suchas……等关键入手处,找出细节出处。
排序题要先仔细观察选项,找出首尾相同的选项分组,进而通过具体细节信息比较进行排除和选择。
唯一细节题一定要仔细审题,弄清题干所需。
特别需要提醒的是,选项中出现有most(最高级)、theonly(唯一)、all(所有)、none(全否)修饰的细节,都具有绝对性,选择判断时要慎选。
【典型例题】
Asiaishometomorethanhalfoftheworld’spopulationandthreeofthefourmostcrowdedcountriesareinAsia.China,India,andIndonesiaalonehavemorethan2.5billionpeople.
Untilrecently,mostAsiannationsfellbehindtheWesterncountriesinmanyfields.Governmentreform(改革),however,hasledtoimportantprogressineachoftheseAsiancountries.Acrossthearea,educationsystemshavebeenimprovedandeconomies(经济)havebeengrowing.MostAsiancountriesnowhaveasystemofcompulsory(义务的)education.Manycountrieshaverecentlyallowedprivateuniversitiestobebuilt,whichwasnotallowedbefore.Therearemorechancesforstudentstogotouniversitynow.
However,inAsia,therearestillnotenoughchancesforstudentstogethighereducationandmanypeopleprefertogoabroadforfurtherstudy.Asaresult,India,China,SouthKorea,JapanandotherAsiancountriessendthousandsofstudentstostudyintheUnitedStatesandEuropeeachyear.
PartofthepeopleinAsiancountriescanspeakEnglish,andEnglishhasbecomethemostimportantlanguageforbusinessacrossthearea.Thepercentage(百分比)isthelargestinJapan,Singapore,thePhilippines,SriLankaandSouthKorea.ManypeopleinChina,IndiaandMalaysiacanalsospeakEnglish.SomecountrieshavemadeEnglishpartoftheprimaryandsecondaryeducationprogram.Insomecountries,childrenbegintostudyEnglishevenattheageof4or5.
()1.ThepopulationofAsiaisabout______.
A.2.5billion
B.halfoftheworld’spopulation
C.1.3billion
D.6billion
()2.MostAsiancountries______thewesterncountriesinmanyfields.
A.arebetterthan.
B.aremorepowerfulthan
C.getgreaterprogressthan.
D.arenotasgoodas
()3.Inthepast,______wasnotallowedinmanyAsiancountries.
A.speakingEnglish
B.movingtoothercountries
C.buildingprivateuniversities
D.buildingmiddleschools
()4.WhydosomanystudentsinAsiagotostudyintheUSandEurope?
A.Becausetheyarerich.
B.BecausetherearenotenoughchancesforstudentstogethighereducationinAsia.
C.Becausetheydon’twanttoworkhard.
D.BecausetheycanspeakEnglishverywell.
()5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A.There’remorethan2.5billionpeopleinChina,IndiaandIndonesia.
B.TheeconomiesinAsiancountriesarebecomingworse.
C.EducationinAsiahashadgreatchanges.
D.InsomeAsiancountries,Englishhasbecomeveryimportantforbusiness.
【典型例题】
Whenthebellrings,everystudenttakesoutaniPad.Thelightfromthescreensmakestheiryoungfacesprettyandlively.That'swhathappenseverydayatmyschoolintheUS.WeuseiPadsinclass.
IfeltsurprisedandexcitedwhenIgotaniPadthefirstdayIarrivedattheschool.Butitwasnotfree.Ipaidabout$100torent(租)itforthreeyears.
EveryiPadatmyschoolhasaspeciallearningsystem(系统)calledFocus.Teachersputtheirteachingmeterials(材料)liketextbooksandPPTsonit.Whenwehaveclasses,weenterthesystemanddownload(下载)materialswithouriPads.
Itmakestheclassesinterestingandefficient(高效的).Forexample,afewweeksago,welearnedaboutLondonintheUK.Ourteacherpreparedavideo.Throughthevideo,wesawmanyplacesofinterestinLondon.Wecouldnotonlywatchthevideo,butalsoseethewordsatthesametime.Becauseofthevideo,Iknowmoreaboutthecity.
WealsodoourhomeworkwithiPads.Wecanknowhowwellwedoourhomeworkrightafterwehandinourhomework.
However,therearestillsomebadpointsaboutlearningwithiPads.SomeofmyclassmatesplaygamesorsurftheInternetinclass.
IbelievethekeytousingiPadswellistohavegoodself-control(自制力),isn'tit?
()1.WhatistherightwaythewriterthinkofusingiPadsinschool?
A.StudentsshoulduseiPadsasoftenaspossible.
B.TouseiPadsinschoolisverybadforstudents'eyes.
C.Studentsshouldhavegoodself-controlwhenusingiPads.
D.AllstudentsshoulduseiPadstosurftheInternetinclass.
二、主旨大意 此类题型用以考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。
其中一类题型为主旨问题。
1、主旨大意题题干常见的问句形式 1)主旨句设问类型Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?
Wecanconclude/learnfromthepassagethat…… 2)最佳标题选择类型Thebesttitleforthispassageis…… 3)作者主旨意图类型Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?
Whichcanexpressthepurposeofthewriteraccordingtothepassage?
2、主旨大意题的解题方法 主旨大意题一定要注意文章的首尾两段。
如果首尾两段的主旨表达是一致的,那么文章的主旨便是两段重复表明的语句内容表达。
找出选项中与归纳的主旨表达重复最多的选项即为最佳答案。
如果首尾两段的主旨表达不一致,则需要观察文章的段落篇幅量是倾向于首段或是尾段,从而确定主旨段落。
在此过程中,观察篇幅量只需跳读文章段落的首句尾句即可,无需细读段落内容,以节省时间。
如果文章只有一段,则注意文章的首两句及尾句,然后用以上的方法确定主旨句。
此外,标题选择即为主旨句的压缩表达,注意抓住主旨句进行主要词汇的提炼,把一个句子提炼为几个关键词,即是对主旨大意进行概括归纳的标题。
而作者意图表达必须通过归纳中心主题才能找到,通常体现为advise,convince,present,propose,warn等。
【典型例题】
Whereintheworldcanyoutakeanhour'strainride,andpassaforest,aLondonstreet,ascenefromtheWildWest,andaburningbuildingthatneverburnsdown?
There'sonlyoneplace,andthat'sHollywood,inCalifornia.Thescenesyouseefromthetouristtrainarefilmsets(布景)intheUniversalStudios,oneoftheoldestandlargestmoviecompaniesintheUSA.
AvisittoUniversalStudiosbringsbackmemoriesofgreatdaysofHollywood,thefilmsandthestars.Buttheyareonlymemories.Hollywoodisn'tquitethesameasitusedtobe.Costshavegoneupandconfidencehasgonedown.Movie-makersareafraidtospendtheirmoneyonexpensivenewideas.Instead,theyrepeatoldones.
Thefilmindustryischangingfast.Teenagersstillgoouttothemovies.Thetheatreisagoodplacetomeetfriendsawayfromhome.Butolderpeoplemostlystayathometowatchseries,likeDynasty,whichhavebecomeasimportanttoHollywoodasexpensivemovies.These"soapopera",astheyarecalled,showrich,powerfulfamilieslivinginbeautifulhomesandwearingbeautifulclothes.Buttheactorsandactressesarenearlyallmiddle-aged,likemanyofthepeoplewhowatchthem.
Thoughitissoapoperasthatarekeepingthefilm-makersofHollywoodinbusiness,bigfilmsarestillbeingmadeinAmerica.ButmoreandmoreofthemaremadeoutsideHollywood.NewYorkisthemostimportantnewcentre,buttherearemanyothersaswell.Movie-makershaverealizedthattheydon'tneedHollywoodanymore.Moderncamerasandrealhousesreplaceexpensivelymadecopiesinastudio.Otherstates,especiallyFloridaandTexas,areworkinghardtotakethefilmbusinessawayfromCalifornia.Theyareofferingbetterworkingconditionsandlowercost.
ButHollywoodisfightingback.ThestateofCaliforniaistryinghardtokeepitsbest-knownindustry.
()10.Thepassagemainlytellsus.
A.somethingaboutthefilmindustryintheUSA
B.theimportanceofsoapoperasinHollywood
C.thegoodolddaysofHollywood
D.thefilmbusinessinCalifornia
三、推理判断 此类题的关键是要注意原文出现的语句不是我们做出的推理判断,而是原文给出的细节信息,所以原文语句不能选。
判断时对已知的事实仔细评价后做出的合理决定并非唯一决定,要对事实进行合乎情理的判断,有时还需借助常识进行判断。
推理判断题分两种,即对细节的推理和对主旨的推理。
主要以Wecaninfer/imply/learnfromthispassagethat……等进行提问。
解决此类题要注意,一是与原文相同的细节不能选,二是文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断。
解题过程中只要注意上述两点,再结合做细节和主旨的方法,即可以做出推理判断题。
NewTechnologyRevolutionizes(变革)Learning
Moreandmorepeoplebelievethattechnologiesaregreatforlearning.Today,suchteachingtoolsasiPadsareusedinalotofcourses,includinglanguage,historyandscience.
ManyteachersaresupportersofusingiPadsinlanguagelearning.Theysaythatstudentsnowhavemuchmoretimefordiscussionintheclassroom.Insteadofspendingvaluableclasstimelisteningtotextsorwatchingteachingvideos,studentscandothisontheirownandcometoclasspreparedfordiscussion.
TheteachersalsosaythatiPadsallowstudentstolearnattheirownpace.Somestudentsmightlistentoadialogueonlyonceandunderstandit,sotheycansavetimefordoingotherthings.Otherstudents,however,mightneedtolistentothesamedialogueagainandagaintounderstandit.UsingiPadsisespeciallyhelpfultostudentswhoarelearningalanguageatdifferentpaces.
Thestudentswhoareusingthenewtoolinsomecoursesarealsohappy.TheybelievethatusingiPadsisamoreenjoyablewaytolearn(suchaslisteningtostoriesandwatchingmovies).Theclasshasbecomemuchmoreinterestingandcreative.
Thereareotheradvantagesforstudents.ByusingiPads,theycanpaymoreattentiontothematerialandlearnmore.T
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 中考总复习译林牛津初三九年级英语 完形阅读理解专题训练 中考 复习 牛津 初三 九年级 英语 阅读 理解 专题 训练