高二英语阅读理解专练含答案解析.docx

高二英语阅读理解专练含答案解析.docx

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高二英语阅读理解专练含答案解析

高二英语阅读理解专练（含答案解析）

A

Inanewreport,infectiousdiseaseexpertJeffreyShamanbelievestherewereatleasthalfadozenstealthcoronaviruscasestoeveryonediagnosisatthestartoftheepidemic.

Theexplosivespreadofcoronaviruswaslikelycausedby‘stealthtransmissions’—undiagnosedpeoplewithmildsymptomsunwittinglyspreadingthedisease,anewstudyclaims.Infectious-diseaseexpertJeffreyShamanbelievestheactualnumberofcontaminatedworldwideisfargreaterthanreports,estimatingamillionpeoplemayhavebeeninfected.

TheenvironmentalhealthsciencesprofessoratColumbiaUniversitywhoco-wrotethestudypublishedonMondaysaidsocialdistancingisamustinordertocombatseeminglyhealthypeoplespreadingthevirus.Despiteonlybeinghalfasinfectiousasthedocumentedinfections,thesestealthcasesresultedinatleasttwo-thirdsofdocumentedinfections,ProfessorShamanandhiscolleaguessaid.ProfShamansaidthisflipintheratiosmeantabout60percentofcarrierswereconfirmed—butfastforwardtonowandnewdailycaseshavesignificantlydroppedfromthousandstotens.Thestudysaysa“radicalincreaseintheidentificationandisolationofcurrentlyundocumentedinfectionswouldbeneededtofullycontrol”thenovelcoronavirus.

PeopleintheUK,meanwhile,havebeentoldtoavoidpubs,clubsandrestaurantsandworkfromhomewhereverit'spossibletoslowthespreadofcoronaviruswhichhasnowclaimed55livesintheUK.PrimeMinister BorisJohnsonsaidatapressconferenceyesterdayurgedeveryoneto“stopnon-essentialcontactandtostopallnon-essentialtravel”.ThePMsaidLondonappearedtobe“afewweeksahead”ofotherareasandurgedpeopleinthecapitaltopayspecialattentiontothemeasures—includinghomeworking—suggestedbytheGovernment.TheUKdeathtollyesterdayroseto35whiletherehavenowbeen1,543cases.HealthSecretaryMattHancockyesterdaysaidthatover-70scouldbeaskedtoself-isolateforfourmonths.

Acrosstheworldmorethan6,000peoplehavenowdiedfromthedisease.

1.Howmanypeopleatleastpotentiallygotinfectedwhenonewasdiagnosed,accordingtoJeffreyShaman?

A.Twelve.B.Six.C.Seven.D.Ten.

2.What’sthebestwaytopreventthespreadingfromundiagnosedpeoplewithmildsymptoms?

A.Wearingmedicalmasks.B.Notgoingtowork.

C.Keepingasocialdistance.D.Sendingthesepeopletohospital.

3.HowdoesProfessorShamanconsiderthecurrentcontrolofthenovelcoronavirus?

A.Cheerful.B.Uncertain.C.Depressing.D.Impossible.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadviceofUKgovernment?

A.Toworkathomeinstead.

B.Nottogooutforanydinner.

C.Tocancelunnecessarytravel.

D.Toself-isolatefortheaged.

【答案】1-4BCAB

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，描述了英国新冠肺炎的现状，同时也把政府已经和即将采取的措施公布于众。

1.细节理解题。

根据第一段第一句话“Inanewreport,infectiousdiseaseexpertJeffreyShamanbelievestherewereatleasthalfadozenstealthcoronaviruscasestoeveryonediagnosisatthestartoftheepidemic”可知，每确诊一个就可能有6个染上病毒的，故选B。

2.细节理解题。

根据第三段第一句“TheenvironmentalhealthsciencesprofessoratColumbiaUniversitywhoco-wrotethestudypublishedonMondaysaidsocialdistancingisamustinordertocombatseeminglyhealthypeoplespreadingthevirus.”可知，保持一定的社交距离是必须的手段。

故选C。

3.观点态度题。

根据第三段第三句“ProfShamansaidthisflipintheratiosmeantabout60percentofcarrierswereconfirmed—butfastforwardtonowandnewdailycaseshavesignificantlydroppedfromthousandstotens.”可知，从现在开始，每日新增病例已从数千例大幅下降到数十例。

由此推之，教授对目前新冠肺炎的控制情况还是觉得比较可喜的。

故选A。

4.细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段“PrimeMinister...urgedeveryoneto“stopnon-essentialcontactandtostopallnon-essentialtravel”...themeasures—includinghomeworking...over-70scouldbeaskedtoself-isolateforfourmonths.”可知，A、C、D三项都是政府对民众的建议，只有B项（绝不出去就餐）不合题意，文章中指出政府是说减少不必要的接触，并没有说绝对不出去，故选B。

【词汇积累】

stealth[stelθ]adj.隐形的；n.秘密行动；鬼祟；隐形，潜入

novel['nɒv（ə）l]adj.新奇的；异常的

【句法剖析】

1.TheenvironmentalhealthsciencesprofessoratColumbiaUniversitywhoco-wrotethestudypublishedonMondaysaidsocialdistancingisamustinordertocombatseeminglyhealthypeoplespreadingthevirus.

句意：

哥伦比亚大学环境健康科学教授表示，为了防止看似健康的人群传播病毒，必须保持社交距离，该教授参与撰写了周一发表的研究报告。

句子分析：

此句是主从复合句，socialdistancingisamustinordertocombatseeminglyhealthypeoplespreadingthevirus.作said的宾语，省略了连词that；主句主语中含有一个who引导的定语从句，修饰professor且who在定语从句中做主语；过去分词published做后置定语修饰study。

2.PeopleintheUK,meanwhile,havebeentoldtoavoidpubs,clubsandrestaurantsandworkfromhomewhereverit'spossibletoslowthespreadofcoronaviruswhichhasnowclaimed55livesintheUK.

句意：

与此同时，英国民众被告知，尽可能避免去酒吧、俱乐部和餐馆，并在家办公，以减缓冠状病毒的传播，目前该病毒已在英国夺去55条生命。

句子分析：

此句的主要结构为Peoplehavebeentoldtoavoid...andwork...，当中使用了被动语态；whereverit'spossible是wherever引导的让步状语从句，意为“尽可能地，只要有可能”；其后toslow...整个为todo不定式做目的状语，当中含有定语从句whichhasnowclaimed55livesintheUK修饰coronavirus。

B

SmartCaneHelpsIdentifytheBlinds’Surroundings

Thiselectronicwalkingstickisrevolutionizingthewaythatblindpeoplecannavigate①theworld.

Asameansofprotectingpeoplefromlow-hangingobjectsandobstaclesabovechestlevel,theWeWalksmartcaneusesultrasonicsensorstowarntheuserofnearbyhindrancesthroughvibrations②inthehandle.

Thecanecanbepairedwithasmartphone’sBluetoothsystemforeasycontrol.Sinceitisalsointegrated③withVoiceAssistantandGoogleMapssoftware,itcanusebuilt-inspeakerstoinformtheuserofnearbystoresandinfrastructuraldetailsthattheymaynotbeabletosee.

WeWalkCEOandco-founderKursatCeylan,whoisalsoblind,toldCNNthathehelpedtodevelopthecaneoutofadesiretousemoderntechnologyasatoolforthevisuallyimpaired.

“Inthesedayswearetalkingaboutflyingcars,butthesepeoplehavebeenusingjustaplainstick,”hetoldthenewsoutlet.

“Asablindperson,whenIamattheMetrostationIdon’tknowwhichismyexit…Idon’tknowwhichbusisapproaching…whichstoresarearoundme.ThatkindofinformationcanbeprovidedwiththeWeWalk.”

TheWeWalkiscurrentlybeingsoldfor$500apop.AstheTurkishtechstartupgainsmoretraction,thedevelopershopetoeventuallypairitwithridesharingappsandtransportationservicestofurtherimproveitsnavigationalabilities.

【新词积累】

navigate['nævɪgeɪt]vi.航行；驾驶；操纵vt.航行；驾驶；横渡

vibration[vaɪ'breɪʃ（ə）n]n.摆动；震动；感受；（偏离平衡位置的）一次性往复振动

integrate['ɪntɪgreɪt]vt.使……完整；使……整体vi.求积分；取消隔离；成为一体

【金句赏析】

1.Thiselectronicwalkingstickisrevolutionizingthewaythatblindpeoplecannavigatetheworld.

这种电子手杖正在彻底改变盲人导航世界的方式。

2.Inthesedayswearetalkingaboutflyingcars,butthesepeoplehavebeenusingjustaplainstick.

如今，我们谈论的是飞行汽车，但这些人还在使用普通的棍子。

【全文翻译】

智能手杖有助于识别盲人周围的环境

这种电子手杖正在彻底改变盲人导航世界的方式。

为了保护人们免受悬吊的物体和高于胸部的障碍物的伤害，WeWalk智能手杖使用超声波传感器通过手柄振动警告用户附近的障碍物。

手杖可以与智能手机的蓝牙系统配对，以便于控制。

由于它还集成了语音助手和谷歌地图软件,因此可以使用内置扬声器向用户通知附近的商店和他们可能看不到的基础设施详细信息。

WeWalk的首席执行官兼联合创始人KursatCeylan也是盲人，他告诉CNN，他帮助开发这款手杖是出于希望将现代技术用作帮助视障人士的工具。

他对新闻媒体说：

“如今，我们谈论的是飞行汽车，但这些人还在使用普通的棍子。

”

“作为一个盲人，当我在地铁站时，我不知道我的出口在哪……我不知道哪一辆公交车正在驶近……或者，哪个商店在我身边。

WeWalk可以提供这种信息。

”

目前，WeWalk的售价为$500美元。

随着这家土耳其科技初创公司获得越来越多的关注，开发人员希望最终将其与共享车的应用程序和交通服务配对，以进一步提高其导航能力。

C

Therushtoboardthe17.46fromLondonEustontoCrewebeginsthemomenttheplatformisannounced.Thetrain’seightcarriages,intheory,eachcarry70passengers.ButtheLondon-CrewelineisBritain’sbusiestrailservice.ItleavesEustoncarrying,onaverage,morethantwiceasmanypassengersasithascapacityfor.Sittingonthefloor,Becky,alocalgovernmentworkerlamentsthat,“It’slikethiseveryday.Igetaseatmaybeonceaweek.AndIpayfivegrandforthisseasonticket.”

Atpeaktimes19%ofLondonrailusersareforcedtostand.TheproblemsstretchacrossBritain:

17%areseatlessatpeaktimesinBirminghamand15%inLeeds.Withapoorpunctualityperformancebyinternationalstandardsandahighcancellationrate,commutingbyrailinBritainisoftenamiserableexperience.ThegovernmentisnowsettotrytorelievesomeofthesufferingwithamajorexpansionofBritain’srailnetworkandareorganizationofthesector.Moregovernmentmoneylookssettobecoupledwithmoregovernmentdirection.

AftertheVictorianboom,therailwayswentintoalongdecline.TrafficfellforhalfacenturyaftertheSecondWorldWar.Butoverthepast25yearstheyhavemorethandoubled:

therewere1.8bnrailjourneysin2018-19,morethanatanytimesincetheearly1920s.Butwhilein1963Britainhad17,500milesoftrack,itnowhasunder10,000miles.

Thatistherootcauseofmuchofthecommuterwoe.AccordingtotheRailwayIndustryAssociationtrackutilizationis60%higherinBritainthantheEUaverage.AccordingtoNetworkRail,thepubliclyownedmanagerofthetrack,around70%ofdelaysaretheknock-oneffectsofcongestion.TheshrinkageofBritain’snetworkhasalsoforcedoperatorstorunfreight,intercityandcommutertrainsonthesamestretchesoftrack.Theneedtoaccommodateslowerrunningstoppingtrainsreducesthenumberofhigherspeedtrainswhichcanrunonthesamelengthoftrack.

1.WhatdoestheexampleofBeckyaimtotellusinParagraph1?

A.Thetrainhaslimitedcapacity.

B.Theticketpriceishigh.

C.Standingonthetrainisuncomfortable.

D.Trainserviceshouldbeimproved.

2.WhichoffollowingisNOTthereasonwhypeoplesufferfromcommutingbyrailway?

A.Thetrainsarealwayslate.

B.Trainsalwaysgetcanceled.

C.Thecapacityoftrainissmall.

D.Trainarrangementispoor.

3.Whatisthemainreasonbehindpoorpunctuality?

A.Shortageoftrack.B.Trafficjam.

C.Toomanypassengers.D.Poorcoordination.

4.Whatisthispassagemainlytalkingabout?

A.NewrailwayexpansioninBritain.

B.RailwaydevelopmentinBritain.

C.Problemsofrailway