河南省学年高二下学期入学考试英语试题 Word版含答案.docx
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河南省学年高二下学期入学考试英语试题 Word版含答案.docx
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河南省学年高二下学期入学考试英语试题Word版含答案
灵宝三高2019-2020学年高二下期月考试卷
英语
(120分钟150分)
第一部分:
阅读理解。
(每小题2分,共40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
A
JanetGuthrieandDanicaPatrick,firstfemaleIndycompetitorandwinner
Nocomplaintsaboutwomandrivers.JanetGuthrie,aspaceengineerwhowastrainingtobeanastronaut,turnedtocarracingwhenshewascutfromthespaceprogramfornothavingcompletedherdoctor’sdegree.In1977,GuthriebecamethefirstfemaleIndy500competitor.Shedidn’ttakethelead,butDanicaPatrickdid.In2005andin2008,PatrickbecamethefirstwomanevertowinanIndyCarSeries.
RaymondedeLaroche,firstfemalelicensedpilot
Aformeractress,who'dbeenborninParisin1882,RaymondedeLarochewasinspiredtotakeupflyingafterseeingtheWrightBrothersflightdemonstrationsin1907inFrance.Thoughshewasn’tthefirstfemalepilot,deLarochewasthefirstwomantoearnapilot’slicensein1910.
GertrudeEderle,firstwomantoswimacrosstheEnglishChannel
OnAugust6th,1926,GertrudeCarolineEderlebecamethefirstwomantoswimacrosstheEnglishChannel.Ederle,wholivedtobe98anddiedin2003,wasalsoanOlympicswimchampionandfive-timeworldrecord-holderinfiveswimmingevents.
KathrineSwitzer,NinaKuscikandJoanBenoit,firstmajorfemalemarathoners
In1967,20-year-oldKathrineSwitzerbecamethefirstwomantorunintheBostonMarathon,eventhoughraceofficialshadtriedtostopher.NinaKuscikbecamethefirstwomantoofficiallywintheBostonMarathon,1972.In1984,AmericanJoanBenoitbecamethefirstwinneroftheWomen’sOlympicMarathon,finishing400metersaheadofNorway'sGreteWaitz.
21.WhywasJanetGuthrieforbiddentotakeupspaceprogram?
A.Sheusedtobeawomandriver.B.Sheshowedinterestincarracing.
C.Shewasemployedasanengineer.D.Shedidn'tgainadoctor’sdegree.
22.WhatmadeRaymondedeLarochedecidetobecomeapilot?
A.Herexperienceasanactress.B.HersettlementinParis.
C.WrightBrothers’influence.D.WrightBrothers’dialogues.
23.What'sthesimilaritybetweenGertrudeEderleandKathrineSwitzer?
A.Theywereathletic.B.Theylivedalonglife.
C.Theyhadahigherfame.D.Theywerelookeddownupon.
B
Therewassomethingintheelderlywoman'sbehaviorthatcaughtmyeye.Althoughslowandunsureofstep,thewomanmovedwithdeliberation,andtherewasnohesitationinhergestures.Shewasasgoodasanyoneelse,hermovementssuggested.Andshehadajobtodo.
TheelderlywomanhadwalkedintothestorealongwithayoungerwomanwhoIguessedwasherdaughter.Thedaughterwasdisplayingaseriouscaseofimpatience,rollinghereyes,huffingandsighing,checkingherwatcheveryfewseconds.Ifshehadpossessedabelt,hermotherwouldhavebeenfastenedtoitasameansofdraggingheralongtokeepstepwiththerushofothershoppers.
Theolderwomandetached(分开)fromtheyoungeroneandbegantoglanceovertheDVDsonthenearestshelf.Aftertheslightesthesitation,IwalkedoverandaskedifIcouldhelpherfindsomething.Thewomansmiledupatmeandshowedmeatitlewrittenonapieceofpaper.Thetitlewasunusualandabitunfamiliar.Clearlyapersonlookingforitknewalittleaboutmovies,aboutquality.
RatherthanrushingofftolocatetheDVDforthewoman,IaskedhertowalkwithmesoIcouldshowherwhereshecouldfindit.Lookingback,IthinkIwantedtoenjoyhercompanyforamoment.Somethingaboutherdeliberatemovementsremindedmeofmyownmother,who'dpassedawaythepreviousChristmas.
Aswewalkedalongthebackofthestore,Inarrateditsfloorplan:
oldtelevisionshows,actionmovies,cartoons,sciencefiction.Thewomanseemedgladoftheunrushedcompanyandcasualconversation.
Wefoundthemovie,andIcomplimentedheronherchoice.Shesmiledandtoldmeitwasoneshe'denjoyedwhenshewasherson'sageandthatshehopedhewouldenjoyitasmuchasshehad.Maybe,shesaidwithahintofeagerness,hecouldenjoyitwithhisownyoungchildren.Then,reluctantly,Ihadtoreturntheelderlywomantoherkeeper,whowasstilltappingherfootatthefrontofthestore.
Iaccompaniedtheolderwomantothequeueatthecashregisterandthensteppedbackandlingeredneartheyoungerwoman.Whentheolderwoman'sturninlinecame,shepaidincash,countingoutthedollarsandcoinswiththesamesurenessshe'ddisplayedearlier.
24.Whatdoes"shehadajobtodo"(Para.1)meanaccordingtothecontext?
A.Shehadaregularjobinthestore.B.Shewantedtoaskforhelp.
C.ShewantedtobuyaDVD.D.Shewasthinkingofwhattobuy.
25.WhatdoesthetitleoftheDVDrevealaccordingtotheshopassistant?
A.Theelderlywomanhadsomeknowledgeaboutmovies.B.Theelderlywomanlikedmoviesforyoungchildren.
C.Theelderlywomanpreferredmovieshersonliked.D.Theelderlywomanlikedbotholdandnewmovies.
26.WhilelookingfortheDVDwiththeoldwoman,theshopassistantwas______.
A.hesitantB.casualC.cautiousD.considerate
27.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?
A.Todescribewhatamovienutislike.
B.Toremindreaderstospendmoretimeaccompanyingfamily.
C.Tostresstheimportanceofcompanyandunderstanding.
D.Toexplorethekeyaspectsofcurrentparent-childrelationship.
C
“Newandimproved.”Thesewordsareputinsomanymarketingcampaignsthatwetendtoacceptthemaslinked.Butmanynewdrugsaren'tanimprovementoverthebestexistingdrugforagivencondition,andthefastdrug-approvalprocessesinrecentyearshaveaddedtotheuncertaintyabouttheiradvantages.
ArecentreportintheBritishMedicalJournal,NewDrugs:
WhereDidWeGoWrongandWhatCanWeDoBetter?
analyzedtheissue.Theauthorslookedat216drugsapprovedbetween2011and2017;152werenewlydeveloped,and64wereexistingmedicineapprovedfornewuses.Only25%offeredamajoradvantageovertheestablishedtreatment,andfully58%hadnoconfirmedaddedbenefittoreducesymptomsorimprovehealth-relatedqualityoflife.
"Thisdoesn’tmeanthere'snoaddedbenefit,"leadauthorWieselersaid.“Itjustmeanswehavenopositiveproof.Eitherwehavenostudiesorhavestudiesnotgoodenough.”Wieselerandherco-authorsworkforaGermaninstitutewhichevaluatesnewtreatmentsandadvisesonwhetherthecountry'shealthcaresystemshouldpayapremium(附加费)forthem.Suchorganizations,knownashealthtechnologyassessment(HTA)agencies,workalittledifferentlyintheUS,saysSeanTunis,aresearcherinBaltimore:
“Ifpayersthinkanewdrugisn'tbetterthananexistingdrug,theseagencieswillrequirethathospitalstrythecheaperdrugfirst.”
Germany'sHTAdemandstrialstoprovethatanewtreatmentbeatstheexistingstandard.Thisisn'talwayspractical.Foronething,suchstudiescanbeexpensiveandtime-consuming,withnoguaranteeofsuccess.Secondly,itcandiscouragecompaniesfromattemptingtodevelopnewalternatives.Thisisalreadyhappening.Drugdevelopersareincreasinglyfocusedonareaswheretherearenogoodtreatmentstocompetewith,suchasrarediseases.
ThislackofmeaningfuldatatoguidepatientsisamajorpointofWieseler'spaper.Withacceleratedapproval,therearemoreproductsapproved,withagreateramountofuncertaintyaboutrisksandbenefits.Butthereareothersolutionsbesidesdrugtrials.Oneideaistorequirepostmarketstudiestotracktheeffectivenessofnewlyapproveddrugs—asteptoooftenneglected.
28.Whatmessagedoestherecentreportconvey?
A.Manynewdrugshavenoimprovedadvantages.B.Theapprovalprocessesfornewdrugsaretoofast.
C.Improveddrugshaveadvantagesoveroldones.D.Before2017noimprovementwasmadetodrugs.
29.WhatwillUSHTAagenciesdowhennoadvantageisfoundinnewdrugs?
A.Removegovernmentpremiumonthem.B.Gethospitalstousethecheaperdrugs.
C.Arrangefinancialsupportforthepatients.D.Putnewdrugsonfurthertrialsandstudies.
30.What'sthedisadvantageofGermany'sHTAtrialdemands?
A.Makingdrugcompaniesthinkofillegalwaystocutcost.
B.Pushingcompaniestotryalternativesforexistingdrugs.
C.Gettingpatientstodependonthegovernmentforsupport.
D.Holdingcompaniesbackfromimprovingexistingdrugs.
31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.TheAdvantageofExistingDrugsB.MisunderstandingofNewandOldDrugs
C.ADilemmawithNewDrugAlternativesD.People’sPreferenceforNeworOldDrugs
D
They'restillkids,andalthoughthere'salotthattheexpertsdon'tyetknowaboutthem,onethingtheydoagreeonisthatwhatkidsuseandexpectfromtheirworldhaschangedrapidly.Andit'sallbecauseoftechnology.
Tothepsychologists,sociologists,andgenerationalandmediaexpertswhostudythem,theirdigitaldevicesetsthisnewgroupapart,evenfromtheirtech-savvy(懂技术的)Millennialelders.Theywanttobeconstantlyconnectedandavailableinawayeventheiroldersiblingsdon'tquiteget.Thesedifferencesmayappearslight,buttheysignalanall-encompassing(包罗万象的)sensibilitythatsomesaymarksthedawningofanewgeneration.
ThecontrastbetweenMillennialsandthisyoungergroupwassoevidenttopsychologistLarryRosenthathehasdeclaredthebirthofanewgenerationinanewbook,Rewired:
UnderstandingtheiGenerationandtheWayTheyLearn,outnextmonth.Rosensaysthetech-dominatedlifeexperienceofthosebornsincetheearly1990sissodifferentfromtheMillennialshewroteaboutinhis2007book,Me,MySpaceandI:
ParentingtheNetGeneration,thattheywarrantthedistinctionofanewgeneration,whichhehasdubbedthe"iGeneration".
"Thetechnologyistheeasiestwayt
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