完整版国际经济学罗伯特凯伯答案解析1.docx

完整版国际经济学罗伯特凯伯答案解析1.docx

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完整版国际经济学罗伯特凯伯答案解析1

国际经济学罗伯特凯伯第13版答案

CHAPTER1

THEINTERNATIONALECONOMYANDGLOBALIZATION

国际经济学罗伯特凯伯第13版答案

MULTIPLE-CHOICEQUESTIONS

1.Aprimaryreasonwhynationsconductinternationaltradeisbecause:

a.Somenationsprefertoproduceonethingwhileothersproduceotherthings

b.Resourcesarenotequallydistributedamongalltradingnations

c.Tradeenhancesopportunitiestoaccumulateprofits

d.Interestratesarenotidenticalinalltradingnations

2.Amainadvantageofspecializationresultsfrom:

a.Economiesoflarge-scaleproduction

b.Thespecializingcountrybehavingasamonopoly

c.Smallerproductionrunsresultinginlowerunitcosts

d.Highwagespaidtoforeignworkers

3.Internationaltradeingoodsandservicesissometimesusedasasubstituteforallofthefollowingexcept:

a.Internationalmovementsofcapital

b.Internationalmovementsoflabor

c.Domesticproductionofthesamegoodsandservices

d.Domesticproductionofdifferentgoodsandservices

4.Ifanationhasanopeneconomy,itmeansthatthenation:

a.Allowsprivateownershipofcapital

b.Hasflexibleexchangerates

c.Hasfixedexchangerates

d.Conductstradewithothercountries

5.Internationaltradeforcesdomesticfirmstobecomemorecompetitiveintermsof:

a.Theintroductionofnewproducts

b.Productdesignandquality

c.Productprice

d.Alloftheabove

6.Themovementtofreeinternationaltradeismostlikelytogenerateshort-termunemploymentinwhichindustries?

a.Industriesinwhichthereareneitherimportsnorexports

b.Import-competingindustries

c.Industriesthatselltodomesticandforeignbuyers

d.Industriesthatselltoonlyforeignbuyers

7.Internationaltradeisbasedontheideathat:

a.Exportsshouldexceedimports

b.Importsshouldexceedexports

c.Resourcesaremoremobileinternationallythanaregoods

d.Resourcesarelessmobileinternationallythanaregoods

8.Argumentsforfreetradearesometimesdisregardedbypoliticiansbecause:

a.Maximizingdomesticefficiencyisnotconsideredimportant

b.Maximizingconsumerwelfaremaynotbeachiefpriority

c.Thereexistsoundeconomicreasonsforkeepingone’seconomyisolatedfromothereconomies

d.Economiststendtofavorhighlyprotecteddomesticmarkets

9.Howmuchphysicaloutputaworkerproducersinanhour’sworkdependson:

a.Theworker’smotivationandskill

b.Thetechnology,plant,andequipmentinuse

c.Howeasytheproductistomanufacture

d.Alloftheabove

10.ThelargestamountoftradewiththeUnitedStatesinrecentyearshasbeenconductedby:

a.Canada

b.Germany

c.Chile

d.UnitedKingdom

11.Increasedforeigncompetitiontendsto:

a.Intensifyinflationarypressuresathome

b.Inducefallingoutputperworker-hourfordomesticworkers

c.Placeconstraintsonthewagesofdomesticworkers

d.Increaseprofitsofdomesticimport-competingindustries

12.________istheabilityofafirm/industry,underfreeandfairmarketconditions,todesign,produce,andmarketgoodsandservicesthatarebetterand/orcheaperthanthoseofotherfirms/industries.

a.Competitiveness

b.Protectionism

c.Comparativeadvantage

d.Absoluteadvantage

13.Afirm’s________,relativetothatofotherfirms,isgenerallyregardedasthemostimportantdeterminantofcompetitiveness.

a.Incomelevel

b.Tastesandpreferences

c.Governmentalregulation

d.Productivity

14.Freetradersmaintainthatanopeneconomyisadvantageousinthatitprovidesallofthefollowingexcept:

a.Increasedcompetitionforworldproducers

b.Awiderselectionofproductsforconsumers

c.Theutilizationofthemostefficientproductionmethods

d.Relativelyhighwagelevelsforalldomesticworkers

15.RecentpressuresforprotectionismintheUnitedStateshavebeenmotivatedbyallofthefollowingexcept:

a.U.S.firmsshippingcomponentproductionoverseas

b.HighprofitlevelsforAmericancorporations

c.SluggishratesofproductivitygrowthintheUnitedStates

d.HighunemploymentratesamongAmericanworkers

16.Internationaltradetendstocausewelfarelossestoatleastsomegroupsinacountry:

a.Thelessmobilethecountry’sresources

b.Themoremobilethecountry’sresources

c.Thelowerthecountry’sinitiallivingstandard

d.Thehigherthecountry’sinitiallivingstandard

17.Foranationtomaximizeitsproductivityinaglobaleconomy:

a.Onlyimportsarenecessary

b.Onlyexportsarenecessary

c.Bothimportsandexportsarenecessary

d.Neitherimportsnorexportsarenecessary

18.Afeasibleeffectofinternationaltradeisthat:

a.Amonopolyinthehomemarketbecomesanoligopolyintheworldmarket

b.Anoligopolyinthehomemarketbecomesamonopolyintheworldmarket

c.Apurelycompetitivefirmbecomesanoligopolist

d.Apurelycompetitivefirmbecomesamonopolist

19.Internationaltradeingoodsandservicestendsto:

a.Increasealldomesticcostsandprices

b.Keepalldomesticcostsandpricesatthesamelevel

c.Lessentheamountofcompetitionfacinghomemanufacturers

d.Increasetheamountofcompetitionfacinghomemanufacturers

20.Therealincomeofdomesticproducersandconsumerscanbeincreasedby:

a.Technologicalprogress,butnotinternationaltrade

b.Internationaltrade,butnottechnologicalprogress

c.Technologicalprogressandinternationaltrade

d.Neithertechnologicalprogressnorinternationaltrade

21.IntheUnitedStates,automobilesare:

a.Imported,butnotexported

b.Exported,butnotimported

c.Importedandexported

d.Neitherexportednorimported

22.Technologicalimprovementsaresimilartointernationaltradesincetheyboth:

a.Providebenefitsforallproducersandconsumers

b.Increasethenation’saggregateincome

c.Reduceunemploymentforalldomesticworkers

d.Ensurethatindustriescanoperateatlessthanfullcapacity

23.Asuddenshiftfromimporttariffstofreetrademayinduceshort-termunemploymentin:

a.Import-competingindustries

b.Industriesthatareonlyexporters

c.Industriesthatselldomesticallyaswellasexport

d.Industriesthatneitherimportnorexport

24.Recentempiricalstudiesindicatethatproductivityperformanceinindustriesis:

a.Directlyrelatedtoglobalizationofindustries

b.Inverselyrelatedtoglobalizationofindustries

c.Notrelatedtoglobalizationofindustries

d.Anyoftheabove

25.Empiricalresearchindicatesthat________bestenhancesproductivitygainsforfirmsandindustries.

a.Localcompetition

b.Regionalcompetition

c.Globalcompetition

d.Nocompetition

26.Increasedglobalizationisfosteredby:

a.Increasedtariffsandquotas

b.Restrictionsonthemigrationoflabor

c.Reducedtransportationcosts

d.Restrictionsoninvestmentflows

27.AreducedshareoftheworldexportmarketfortheUnitedStateswouldbeattributedto:

a.DecreasedproductivityinU.S.manufacturing

b.HighincomesofAmericanhouseholds

c.RelativelylowinterestratesintheUnitedStates

d.HighlevelsofinvestmentbyAmericancorporations

28.ThedominanttradingnationintheworldmarketfollowingWorldWarIIwas:

a.UnitedKingdom

b.Germany

c.SouthKorea

d.UnitedStates

29.Aclosedeconomyisoneinwhich:

a.Importsexactlyequalexports,sothattradeisbalanced

b.Domesticfirmsinvestinindustriesoverseas

c.Thehomeeconomyisisolatedfromforeigntrade

d.Savingexactlyequalsinvestmentatfullemployment

30.Relativetocountrieswithlowratiosofexportstogrossdomesticproduct,countrieshavinghighexporttogrossdomesticproductratiosare________vulnerabletochangesintheworldmarket.

a.Less

b.More

c.Equally

d.Anyoftheabove

31.Whichofthefollowingisafallacyofinternationaltrade?

a.Tradeisazero-sumactivity

b.Exportsincreaseemploymentinexportingindustries

c.Importrestrictionsincreaseemploymentinimport-competingindustries

d.Tariffsandquotasreducetradevolume

32.ForeignownershipofU.S.financialassets:

a.Hasdecreasedsincethe1960s

b.Hasincreasedsincethe1960s

c.HasmadetheU.S.anetborrowersincethelate1980s

d.Bothaandc

33.Thefirstwaveofglobalizationwasbroughttoanendbythe:

a.GreatDepression

b.SecondWorldWar

c.FirstWorldWar

d.Smoot-HawleyAct

34.Multilateraltradenegotiationshaveledto:

a.Continuedtradeliberalization

b.Financialliberalization

c.Increasedinvestment

d.Alloftheabove

TRUE-FALSEQUESTIONS

TF1.ImportanttradingpartnersoftheUnitedStatesincludeCanada,Mexico,Japan,andChina.

TF2.TheUnitedStatesexportsalargerpercentageofitsgrossdomesticproductthanJapan,Germany,andCanada.

TF3.Openingtheeconomytointernationaltradetendstolesseninflationarypressuresathome.

TF4.Thebenefitsofinternationaltradeaccrueintheformsoflowerdomesticprices,developmentofmoreefficientmethodsandnewproducts,andagreaterrangeofconsumptionchoices.

TF5.Inanopentradingsystem,acountrywillimportthosecommoditiesthatitproducesatrelativelylowcostwhileexportingcommoditiesthatcanbeproducedatrelativelyhighcost.

TF6.Althoughfreetradeprovidesbenefitsforconsumers,itisoftenarguedthatimportprotectionshouldbeprovidedtodomesticproducersofstrategicgoodsandmaterialsvitaltothenation’ssecurity.

TF7.Inthelongrun,competitivenessdependsonanindustry’snaturalresources,itsstockofmachineryandequipment,andtheskillofitsworkersincreatinggoodsthatpeoplewanttobuy.

TF8.Ifanationhasanopeneconomy,itmeansthatthenationallowsprivateownershipofcapital.

TF9.Increasedforeigncompetitiontendstoincreaseprofitsofdomesticimport-competingcompanies.

TF