新高考英语一轮复习教材研读第一部分教材要点Module 1 Unit 2 Growing pains 含答案.docx
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新高考英语一轮复习教材研读第一部分教材要点Module 1 Unit 2 Growing pains 含答案.docx
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新高考英语一轮复习教材研读第一部分教材要点Module1Unit2Growingpains含答案
Module1 Unit2 Growingpains
(主题语境:
人与社会——成长领悟)
1defendvt.辩解,辩白;防御,保护
◆单句填空
①Theyneverevengavemeachance (defend)myself.(教材原句)
②WhatisevenmoreinterestingisthatoneofStein'sjobs (defend)anindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbag.(2018浙江改编)
③Thefemalehormonesalsohelpthebodydefenditself somekindsofinfections.
◆完成句子
④Wedon'tmindsacrificingourselves (捍卫)thegovernment.
⑤Thetravellermayfireatawildbeastto (保护自己)incaseheisattacked.
⑥It'snaturalforacountryto (保护自己免受)othercountries.
1.
答案 ①todefend ②isdefending ③against/from ④indefenceof ⑤defendhimself ⑥defenditselffrom/against
(1)defendoneself自卫,为自己辩护
defend...from/against...保护……免受……的伤害
(2)defence/defensen.抵御;答辩
indefenceof保卫,为……而辩护
联想
与defend...from...类似的短语还有:
keep/prevent/stop...from...阻止……做……
protect...from...保护……免受……的伤害
2deservevt.值得;应得;应受
◆单句填空
①Hismusicdeserved inthefamily.(2019江苏改编)
②Ithinkyoursuggestiondeserves (try).
③Theydidn'tdeserve (win).
◆句型转换
④Weshouldkeepinmindthateveryone'sideasdeserveconsideration.
→Weshouldkeepinmindthateveryone'sideasdeserve .
→Weshouldkeepinmindthateveryone'sideasdeserve .
◆完成句子
⑤唐诗永远值得反复阅读。
TangPoems againandagainallthetime.
⑥Theydon't (应该得到解释).(教材原句)
2.
答案 ①tobepreserved/preserving ②trying/tobetried ③towin ④considering;tobeconsidered ⑤deservereading/deservetoberead ⑥deserveanexplanation
deservetodosth.值得做某事
deservetobedone/deservedoing值得被做
deserveconsideration值得考虑
deserveone'srespect值得某人的尊敬
易错
当物作主语时,deserve后接doing,主动形式表示被动意义,相当于接动词不定式的被动形式。
need,want,require作“需要”讲时也有类似用法。
3insistvi.坚持;坚持认为;坚决要求
◆语法填空
Aftercheckingthestateofthepatient,thedoctorinsistedthatthesituation
① (be)badandthathe② (have)10daysoffworktohavearest.Butheinsisted③ goingbacktoworkwithouthesitation.
◆句型转换
④Ifyouinsist doingsomething,doiteveryday.
=Ifyoupersist doingsomething,doiteveryday.
◆完成句子
⑤他们坚持要和我们一起去看电影。
They toseethefilmwithus.
⑥这个老人坚持他应该被平等对待。
Theoldmaninsistedthathe equally.
⑦他坚持认为他是班上最好的学生。
Heinsistedthathe inhisclass.
3.
答案 ①was ②(should)have ③on ④on/upon;in⑤insistongoingto ⑥betreated ⑦wasthebeststudent
insiston(doing)sth.坚持(做)某事
insistthat...坚持认为……,坚决要求……
易错
insistthat:
表示“坚持认为”时,从句用陈述语气;表示“坚决要求”时,从句用虚拟语气,谓语用“(should+)动词原形”。
联想
后接宾语从句时,从句用虚拟语气的常见动词有:
一坚持(insist),二命令(order,command),三建议(advise,suggest,propose),四要求(demand,require,request,ask),外加一个敦促(urge)。
辨析
insist与persist
4harmvt.&n.伤害
◆选词填空:
harm,injure,hurt和destroy
①Whilethesun'srayscanageand ourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficialVitaminD.(2019课标全国Ⅰ改编)
②Theschoolwascompletely byfire.
③Thecourtcasewilldoserious tomybusiness.
④You'll herfeelingsifyouforgetherbirthday.
⑤Being inthelegmadeitimpossibleformetowalkasfastasusual.
◆一句多译
未经分类乱扔垃圾对我们的环境有害。
Throwingrubbishwithoutclassifyingit
⑥ ourenvironment.
⑦ ourenvironment.
⑧ ourenvironment.
4.
答案 ①harm ②destroyed ③harm ④hurt ⑤injured⑥doesharmto ⑦isharmfulto ⑧harms
对某人/物有害;伤害某人/物
thereisnoharmindoingsth.=itdoesnoharmtodosth.做某事没有什么坏处
(2)harmfuladj.有害的
harmlessadj.无害的
beharmlesstosb./sth.对某人/物无害
辨析
damage,destroy,injure,harm和hurt
(1)damage可指不同程度的损害、破坏,通常指那种使价值、有用性和有效性减少的损害;
(2)destroy常指毁灭性的破坏;
(3)injure可以指对健康、外表、前景或生活的舒适带来反面影响;
(4)harm与hurt主要指带来痛苦、悲伤、损失或损害。
5forbidvt.禁止(forbade,forbidden)
◆单句填空
①Don'tyouthinkitanygood (forbid)smokinginpublicplaces?
②Hewasinpoorhealth,sothedoctorforbadehim (drink)wine.
③Ithinksquaredancingisofgreatbenefits,anditshouldn't (forbid).
④Thusironcakemoulds(模具)shouldbeforbidden (prevent)childrenfromlead(铅)poisoning.
◆句型转换
考虑到他的学习,他的爸爸禁止他在微信上聊天。
Inviewofhisstudy,hisfatherforbadehim/hischattingonWeChat.
⑤=Inviewofhisstudy,hisfather onWeChat.
⑥=Inviewofhisstudy,hisfather onWeChat.
◆写作升级
⑦Weareforbiddentoplayonthelawnbelongingtohim.(用it作形式主语改写)
onthelawnbelongingtohim.
5.
答案 ①forbidding ②todrink ③beforbidden ④toprevent ⑤forbadehimtochat ⑥forbadehimfromchatting
⑦It'sforbiddenforustoplay
forbiddoingsth.禁止做某事
forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事
forbidsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事
It'sforbidden(forsb.)todosth.(某人)做某事是禁止的。
联想
(1)forbid的近义词是ban和prohibit,ban/prohibitsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事。
(2)forbid后常接动名词作宾语,这类常考动词还有admit(承认)、avoid(避免)、consider(考虑)、deny(否认)、imagine(想象)、mind(介意)、escape(避免)等。
6limitn.界限;限制vt.限制
◆单句填空
①Manyboysbecomerisk-takers—theywanttofindtheirownlimitsandthe (limit)oftheworldaroundthem,butmaynothavethewisdomtomakegoodchoicesintheirbehaviour.(教材原句)
②Topeoplewhoareusedtothe (limit)choiceofapplessuchasGoldenDeliciousandRoyalGalainsupermarkets,itcanbequiteaneyeopener.
③Wehavehadtosetlimits camping,hikingandriverrunning.
◆完成句子
④Itdoespointoutthatmanyparentsstill (限制电子阅读).(2018课标全国Ⅱ改编)
◆句型转换
⑤Youshouldlimitthelengthofthearticleto400wordsorso.(改写为被动语态)
Thelengthofthearticle 400wordsorso.
6.
答案 ①limits ②limited ③on ④limitelectronicreading ⑤shouldbelimitedto
(1)alimitto...……的限度
setalimitto/on给……设定限度
(2)limit...to...把……限定在……范围内
(3)limitedadj.有限的
belimitedto受限于……;被限制在……范围内
联想
timelimit时间限制
speedlimit速度限制
tothelimit到顶点;到最大限度
withinlimits在某种程度上;有一定限制
upperlimit上限
lowerlimit下限
7leavevt.使……处于某种状态,使……一直做某事
◆单句填空
①Mr.Bushsaysheleftoffice (satisfy)that“IhadalwaysdonewhatIbelievedwasright.”.
②Don'tleavethewater (run)whileyoubrushyourteeth.
③HeaskedmeyesterdaywhenIshouldleave Paris.
◆写作升级
④Wholeftthedoor (open)?
=Wholeftthedoor (keep)open?
⑤Thesearevolcanoessoexplosivethattheyburstopeninasinglebigcrackandleftbehindavasthole,thecaldera.(用非谓语动词升级)(2019江苏改编)
Thesearevolcanoessoexplosivethattheyburstopeninasinglebigcrack,
avasthole,thecaldera.
7.
答案 ①satisfied ②running ③for ④open;kept⑤leavingbehind
leaveout遗漏,省略;把……排除在外,不包括
leavealone让……独自待着;不打扰,不干预
leavesth.tosb./leavesb.sth.将某物留赠给某人
leavefor动身前往
归纳
“leave+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,充当宾语补足语的有:
形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、现在分词、过去分词及动词不定式。
8upsetadj.不高兴的,失望的;心烦的vt.使不高兴,使失望
◆单句填空
①OnceIwasnotverygoodatEnglish.Ididn'tknowenoughwordsandmygrammarwasalsopoor,whichreally (upset)me.
=OnceIwasnotverygoodatEnglish.Ididn'tknowenoughwordsandmygrammarwasalsopoor,whichreallymademe (upset).
◆一句多译
使他心烦的是考试没及格。
② wasthathedidn'tpasstheexam.
③ wasthathedidn'tpasstheexam.
④ thathedidn'tpasstheexam.
8.
答案 ①upset;upset ②Whatupsethim ③Whatmadehimupset ④Itupsethim
(1)beupsetabout/sth.为某事心烦/难过
beupsetwithsb.对某人生气
beupsettodosth.对做某事感到不安/难过
(2)upsetoneselfaboutsth.为某事而烦恼
Itupsetssb.todosth./that...让某人心烦的是
易错
upset充当形容词时常用作表语,不能作定语。
1besupposedto应该……,应当……
◆单句填空
①But,but...youweren'tsupposed (come)homeuntiltomorrow!
(教材原句)
②Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout(决定不参加)ofwhataresupposedto (require)vaccinesforallchildrenenteringkindergarten.
③ (suppose)shedoesn'tcome,whatshallwedo?
◆句型转换
你本应该昨天就把作业交上的。
④You inyourhomeworkyesterday.(besupposedto)
⑤You inyourhomeworkyesterday.(should)
⑥You inyourhomeworkyesterday.(oughtto)
1.
答案 ①tocome ②berequired ③Supposing/Suppose ④weresupposedtohavehanded ⑤shouldhavehanded
⑥oughttohavehanded
besupposedtodosth.应该做某事
besupposedtohavedonesth.本应该做某事(实际上未做)
besupposedtobe...被认为是……
Isupposeso.我认为是这样。
Isupposenot.(=Idon'tsupposeso.)我认为不是这样。
suppose/supposing(that)假设;假定
联想
表示“本来应该做某事(但未去做)”的结构还有shouldhavedonesth.和oughttohavedonesth.等。
2alongwith与……一起;除……之外(还)
◆单句填空
①Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming, (be)regardedasoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.
②Thebaby'smotheralongwithtwootherchildren (have)alreadyescapedfromthefire.
◆完成句子
③Generallyspeaking,heiseasy (与……相处).
④ (跟我走)withus,ifyoulike.
⑤Ifyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible(符合条件)forthisprogram,whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemployment (除了……之外)training.(2019课标全国Ⅰ改编)
2.
答案 ①is ②has ③togetalong/onwith ④Comealong ⑤alongwith
getalong/onwith(事情)进展;与……相处
comealong跟随,跟着来
takesth.alongwithsb.某人随身带着某物
allalong一直,始终
易错
主语后面有along/togetherwith,with,besides,but,except,including,like,aswellas,ratherthan等词或词组引出的短语时,谓语动词要与主语保持一致。
1过去分词作状语
Ericrunsinafterit,followedbyabigdog,walkingveryslowly.埃里克跑进去,后面跟着一只大狗,走得很慢。
◆单句填空
① (offer)animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasachancetobecomefamous.
② (translate)intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.
③Though (surprise)toseeus,theprofessorgaveusawarmwelcome.
④Theofficerwalkedoutofthehall, (follow)byagroupofreporters.
◆完成句子
⑤ (专注于我的每一个动作),theforeignstudentswereonceagainamazedbythisuniqueculture.
1.
答案 ①Offered ②Translated ③surprised ④followed⑤Absorbedineverymoveofmine
教材原句中的followedbyabigdog为过去分词短语作伴随状语,follow与主语Eric在逻辑上是被动关系。
过去分词除了作伴随状语外,还可以作方式、条件、时间和原因状语等。
归纳
(1)分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前和构成分词的动词与句子主语为被动关系这两点是选用过去分词作状语时首先要考虑的;
(2)确定状语的类型时,要从分词所表示的动作与句子谓语动作的逻辑关系、分词的位置等入手;
(3)过去分词不用于作目的状语和结果状语。
2with的复合结构
Theroomisinamess,withpizzaboxesontheflooranddirtydishesinthesink.
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