中考英语易混词汇辨析.docx
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中考英语易混词汇辨析.docx
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中考英语易混词汇辨析
中考英语易混词汇辨析
1.clothes,cloth,clothing
clothes统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数
cloth指布,为不可数名词
clothing服装的总称,指一件衣服用apieceof,anarticleof
2.incident,accident
incident指小事件,accident指不幸的事故
Hewaskilledintheaccident.
3.amount,number
amount后接不可数名词,
number后接可数名词anumberofstudents
4.sound,voice,noise
sound自然界各种各样的声音,
voice人的嗓音,
noise噪音Ihatetheloudnoiseoutside.
5.photo,picture,drawing
photo用照相机拍摄的照片,
picture可指相片,图片,电影片,
drawing画的画
Let'sgoandseeagoodpicture.
6.weather,climate
weather一天内具体的天气状况,
climate长期的气候状况
Theclimatehereisnotgoodforyou.
7.road,street,path,way
road具体的公路,马路,
street街道,
path小路,小径,
way道路,途径
takethisroad;inthestreet,showmethewaytothemuseum.
8.course,subject
course课程(可包括多门科目),
subject科目(具体的学科)asummercourse
9.custom,habit
custom传统风俗,习俗,也可指生活习惯,后接todo,
habit生活习惯,习惯成自然,后接ofdoing.
I'vegotthehabitofdrinkingalot.
10.cause,reason
cause指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因,后接ofsth./doingsth,
reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由,后接forsth./doingsth.thereasonforbeinglate
11.exercise,exercises,practice
exercise运动,锻炼(不可数),
exercises练习(可数),
practice(反复做的)练习Practicemakesperfect.
12.class,lesson
作"课"解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson.
指班级或全体学生用class.lesson6;class5
13.speech,talk,lecture
speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说,
talk日常生活中的一般的谈话,讲话,
lecture学术性的演讲,讲课aseriesoflectureon…
14.work,job
二者均指工作。
work不可数,job可数 agoodjob
15.couple,pair
couple主要指人或动物,
pair多指由两部分组成的东西apairoftrousers
16.country,nation,state,land
country侧重指版图,疆域,nation指人民,国民,民族,state侧重指政府,政体,land国土,国家
Thewholenationwassadatthenews.
17.cook,cooker
cook厨师,cooker厨具Heisagoodcook.
18.damage,damages
damage不可数名词,损害,损失;damages复数形式,赔偿金$900damages
19.police,policeman
police警察的总称,后接复数谓语动词,policeman指某个具体的警察
Thepolicearequestioningeveryoneinthehouse.
20.problem,question
problem常和困难连系,前面的动词常为thinkabout,solve,raise,question常和疑问连系,多和ask,answer连用
21.trip,journey,travel
travel是最常用的,trip指短期的旅途,journey指稍长的旅途,athree-daytrip
22.sport,game
sport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动,如打球,游泳,打猎,赛马等;
game指决定胜负的游戏,通常有一套规则Hisfavoritesportisswimming.
23.price,prize
price价格,prize奖,奖品,奖金
winthefirstprizeThepriceishigh/low.
24.anumberof,thenumberof
anumberof许多,谓语动词用复数。
thenumberof…的数目,谓语动词用单数。
Thenumberofstudentsisincreasing.
25.infrontof,inthefrontof
infrontof范围外的前面,
inthefrontof范围内的前面
Inthefrontoftheroomsitsaboy.
26.foramoment,forthemoment
foramoment片刻,一会儿,
forthemoment暂时,一时
Thinkingforamoment,heagreed.
27.nextyear,thenextyear
nextyear将来时间状语,thenextyear过去将来时间状语
Hesaidhewouldgoabroadthenextyear.
28.morethanayear,morethanoneyear
morethanayear一年多,morethanoneyear超过一年(两年或三年等)
29.takeadvice,takethe(one's)advice
takeadvice征求意见,taketheadvice接受忠告
Herefusedtotaketheadviceandfailedagain.
30.takeair,taketheair
takeair传播,走漏,taketheair到户外去,散步
31.inaword,inwords
inaword总之,一句话,
inwords口头上Inaword,youareright.
32.inplaceof,intheplaceof
inplaceof代替,intheplaceof在…地方
Anewbuildingisbuiltintheplaceoftheoldone.
33.insecret,inthesecret
insecret秘密地,暗自地,偷偷地,一般用作状语;inthesecret知道内情,知道秘密,一般用作表语Mymotherwasinthesecretfromthebeginning.
34.gotosea,bysea,bythesea
gotosea当海员,出航,
bysea乘船,由海路,
bythesea在海边
gobysea
35.thedoctorandteacher,thedoctorandtheteacher
thedoctorandteacher指一个人,既是医生又是老师,
thedoctorandtheteacher两个人,一个医生和一个老师
thedoctorandteacheris
36.inoffice,intheoffice
inoffice在职的,intheoffice在办公室里Heisinoffice,notoutofoffice.
37.inbed,onthebed
inbed卧在床上,onthebed在床上Thebookisonthebed.Heisillinbed.
38.inchargeof,inthechargeof
inchargeof管理,负责照料,inthechargeof由……照料
Heisinchargeofthematter.
Thematterisinthechargeofher.
39.inclass,intheclass
inclass在课上,intheclass在班级里
Heisthebeststudentintheclass.
40.onfire,onthefire
onfire着火,onthefire在火上
Putthefoodonthefire.
Thehouseisonfire.
41.outofquestion,outofthequestion
outofquestion毫无疑问的,outofthequestion不可能的
42.asecond,thesecond
asecond又一,再一,thesecond第……
Hewonthesecondprize.
43.it,one
it同一物体,one同类不同一
Ilostmypen.Ihavetobuyanewone.
44.that,this
that指代上文所提到的,this导出下文所要说的
Iwasill.That'swhy…
45.none,nothing,noone
none强调有多少,nothing,noone强调有没有,nothing指物,noone指人---Howmany…/Howmuch…?
---None.
46.anyone,anyone
anyone指人,不能接of,anyone指人物均可,可接ofanyoneofyou
47.who,what
who指姓名或关系,what指职业或地位
Whatisyourdad?
Heisateacher.
48.what,which
what的选择基础是无限制的,which在一定范围内进行选择
Whichdoyouprefer,bananasorapples?
49.notalittle,notabit
notalittle非常,notabit一点也不I'mnotabittired.我一点儿也不累。
50.byoneself,foroneself,tooneself,ofoneself
byoneself单独的,独自的,foroneself为自己,tooneself供自己用的,ofoneself自行的,自动的
Thedooropenedofitself.
51.high,highly
high具体的高,highly抽象的高,高度的thinkhighlyof
52.healthy,healthful
healthy健康的,健壮的,healthful有益于健康的healthfulexercise
53.sleeping,asleep,sleepy
sleeping正在睡觉,asleep睡着,熟睡,只能做表语,
sleepy困的,有睡意的asleepingbaby
Thebabyisasleep.I'msleepy.
54.gold,golden
gold指真金制品,golden指金色的,但金鱼用goldfishagoldring
55.most,mostly
most用于表感受的肯定句中,相当于very,当大部分,大多数解时是形容词或名词,mostly大部分,是副词mostpeople,thepeoplearemostly…
56.real,true
real真的,真实的,指的是事实上存在而不是想象的,true真的,真正的,指的是事实和实际情况相符合realgold,atruestory
57.respectful,respectable
respectful尊敬,有礼貌,respectable可敬的,值得尊敬的berespectfultotheaged
58. pleasant,pleased,pleasing
pleasant常用作定语,pleased,pleasing常用作表语,
pleased主语常为人,pleasing主语常为物
apleasanttripThetripispleasing.
59.understanding,understandable
understanding明白事理的,能体谅的,understandable可理解的,能够懂的
anunderstandinggirl,anunderstandablemistake
60. close,closely
close接近,靠近,closely紧紧地,紧密地closelyconnected,standclose
61.ill,sick
ill做表语,sick定,表均可asickboy
62.good,well
good形容词,well副词,但指身体状况是形容词Heiswellagain.
63.quiet,silent,still
quiet安静的,可以发出小的声音,silent不发出声音,但可以动,still完全不动,完全无声响Hestandtherestill.他站在那儿,一动不动,也不说话。
64.able,capable
able与不定式todo连用,capable有能力的常与of连用
Heiscapableofcooking…
65.almost,nearly
二者均为"几乎,差不多"和否定词连用almostalmostnobody
66.late,lately
late迟,晚,lately最近,近来还可以做形容词,最新的
Ihaven'tseenhimlately(recently).
67.living,alive,live,lively
living,alive,live均为活着的,living定表均可,alive定表均可,定语后置,live只能做定语,lively意为活泼的allthelivingpeople=allthepeoplealive
68.deep,deeply
deep具体的深,deeply抽象的深,深深地deeplymoved,digdeep
69.worth,worthy
二者均为值得,worth后接doing,worthy后接tobedone,ofbeingdone
Itisworthvisiting.=It'sworthytobevisited.=It'sworthyofbeingvisited.
70.happy,glad
happy高兴,幸福,定表均可,glad高兴,只能做表语ahappygirl
71.instead,insteadof
instead是副词,放在句首或句末,insteadof是介词短语,放在句中
Hedidn'tseeafilm.InsteadhewatchedTV.
HewatchedTVinsteadofseeingafilm.
72.raise,rise
raise及物动词,rise不及物动词
Thesunrisesintheeast.
73.bring,take,carry,fetch
bring拿来,take带走,carry随身携带,fetch去回这一往返动作
fetchaboxofchalk
74.join,joinin,takepartin
join加入某个组织,并成为其中的一员;joinin参加小型的活动,joinsb.in;takepartin参加大型的活动
Hejoinedthearmyfiveyearsago.
75.learn,study
learn学习,侧重学习的结果,study学习,侧重学习的过程,研究
76.want,hope,wish
want打算,想要,wanttodo,wantsb.todo,hope希望(通常可以实现),hopetodo/hopethat…
wish希望(通常不能实现)wish(sb.)todo,wishsb/sth.+n.Iwishyousuccess.
77.discover,invent,findout
discover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西,invent发明本来不存在的物体,findout发现,查明Atlasthefoundoutthetruth
78.leave,leavefor
leave离开,leavefor前往HeleftBeijingforShanghai.
79.rob,steal
rob抢劫robsb.ofsth.,steal偷stealsth.fromsb.
80.search,searchfor
search后接地点,searchfor后接东西Hesearchedhispocketformoney
81.win,lose,beat
win后接sth.,反义词为lose,beat后接sb.winthegame,beatthem
82.liveon,liveby
liveon以…为主食,liveby靠…谋生liveonfish/livebyfishing
83.beat,hit,strike
beat连续性地击打;hit打中,对准打;strike打一下或若干下
84.betiredof,betiredwith/from
betiredof厌烦…,betiredwith/from因为…而累了betiredwith/fromrunning800meters
85.careabout,carefor
careabout关心,计较,在乎,一般多用于否定句中;carefor关心,照料,喜欢,愿意Hedoesn'tcareabouthisclothes.Idon'tcareformovies.
86.catchacold,haveacold
catchacold不能和表示"一段时间"的状语连用,而haveacold可以
Shehashadacoldforaweek.
87.changefor,changeinto
changefor调换成,changeinto变成
Changetheshirtforabiggerone.Waterchangesintoice.
88.continue,last
二者均为持续,continue主动,被动均可,last只能用主动
Thewarcontinued/lastedfiveyears.Thestoryistobecontinued.
90.feed,raise
feed喂养,养活,饲养(togivefoodto),
raise饲养,养育(causetogrow,bringupchildren)raisethefamily
91.insiston,stickto
insiston坚持要求,后常接doing,stickto坚持,后常接sth.sticktotheplan
92.meantodo,meandoing
meantodo打算,想要做某事,meandoing意思是,意味着
BythisImeangivingthestudentsmorepractice.
93.diefrom,dieof
diefrom表示死于(枪)伤,虚弱,过度劳累,饮食过度等,dieof表示死于疾病,饥饿,寒冷,年老,忧愁,失恋等精神因素dieofhungerandcold
94.payfor,payback,payoff
payfor为…付钱,payback还钱,但不一定还清,
payoff还清payforthebook,payoffthedebt(债务)
95.grow,plant
grow使某种植物在某地生长着或使其发展下去,plant移植,移栽已经长成秧苗的植物plantthetrees,treesaregrowing
96.manage,try
managetodo设法做成了某事,trytodo尽力去做某事但不一定成功
Hetriedtopasstheexam,buthefailed.
97.choose,select
choose凭个人的判断力进行选择,select有目的地仔细认真地选择
choosethebestanswer
98.build,putup,setup,found
build一般用语,建成,putup临时搭建,setup建成(内部的设施基本齐全),
found国家或组织的建成putupatent,setupaschool
99.befamiliarto,befamiliarwith
befamiliarto某物对某人来说是熟悉的,befamiliarwith某人熟悉某物
Thebookisfamiliartome.I'mfamiliarwiththebook.
100.receive,accept
receive收到某一东西,但不一定接受,accept接受Ireceivedagift,butIdidn'tacceptit.
101.wear,puton,dress
wear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等
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