智能家居技术外文翻译.docx

智能家居技术外文翻译.docx

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智能家居技术外文翻译

外文翻译原文及译文

学院

计算机学院

专业

计算机科学与技术

班级

学号

姓名

指导教师

负责教师

2012年6月

SmartHomeTechnology

Linkyourhome'slighting,entertainmentandsecuritysystemswithnewautomatedhometechnology.

Smarthomeisexpectedtooffervariousintelligentservicesbyrecognizingresidentsalongwiththeirlifestyleandfeelings.Oneofthekeyissuesforrealizingthesmarthomeishowtodetectthelocationsofresidents.Currently,theresearcheffortisfocusedontwoapproaches:

terminal-basedandnon-terminal-basedmethods.Theterminal-basedmethodemploysatypeofdevicethatshouldbecarriedbytheresidentwhilethenon-terminal-basedmethodrequiresnosuchdevice.

Thereisagrowinginterestinsmarthomeasawaytoofferaconvenient,comfortable,andsaferesidentialenvironment.Ingeneral,thesmarthomeaimstoofferappropriateintelligentservicestoactivelyassistintheresident’slifesuchashousework,amusement,rest,andsleep.Hence,inordertoenhancetheresident’sconvenienceandsafety,devicessuchashomeappliances,multimediaappliances,andinternetappliancesshouldbeconnectedviaahomenetworksystem,asshowninFig.1,andtheyshouldbecontrolledormonitoredremotelyusingatelevision（TV）orpersonaldigitalassistant（PDA）.

Especially,attentionhasbeenfocusedonlocation-basedservicesasawaytoofferhigh-qualityintelligentservices,whileconsideringhumanfactorssuchaspatternofliving,health,andfeelingsofaresident.Thatis,ifthesmarthomecanrecognizetheresident’spatternoflivingorhealth,thenhomeappliancesshouldbeabletoanticipatetheresident’sneedsandofferappropriateintelligentservicemoreactively.Forexample,inapassiveserviceenvironment,theresidentcontrolstheoperationoftheHVAC（heating,ventilating,andairconditioning）system,whilethesmarthomewouldcontrolthetemperatureandhumidityofaroomaccordingtotheresident’scondition.Variousindoorlocation-awaresystemshavebeendevelopedtorecognizetheresident’slocationinthesmarthomeorsmartoffice.Ingeneral,indoorlocation-awaresystemshavebeenclassifiedintothreetypesaccordingtothemeasurementtechnology:

triangulation,sceneanalysis,andproximitymethods[8].Thetriangulationmethodusesmultipledistancesfrommultipleknownpoints.ExamplesincludeActiveBadges,ActiveBats,andEasyLiving,whichuseinfraredsensors,ultrasonicsensors,andvisionsensors,respectively.Thesceneanalysismethodexaminesaviewfromaparticularvantagepoint.RepresentativeexamplesofthesceneanalysismethodareMotionStar,whichusesaDCmagnetictracker,andRADAR,whichusesIEEE802.11wirelesslocalareanetwork（LAN）.Finally,theproximitymethodmeasuresnearnesstoaknownsetofpoints.AnexampleoftheproximitymethodisSmartFloor,whichusespressuresensors.

Alternatively,indoorlocation-awaresystemscanbeclassifiedaccordingtotheneedforaterminalthatshouldbecarriedbytheresident.Terminal-basedmethods,suchasActiveBats,donotrecognizetheresident’slocationdirectly,butperceivethelocationofadevicecarriedbytheresident,suchasaninfraredtransceiverorradiofrequencyidentification（RFID）tag.Therefore,itisimpossibletorecognizetheresident’slocationifheorsheisnotcarryingthedevice.Incontrast,non-terminalmethodssuchasEasyLivingandSmartFloorcanfindtheresident’slocationwithoutsuchdevices.However,EasyLivingcanberegardedtoinvadetheresident’sprivacywhiletheSmartFloorhasdifficultywithextendibilityandmaintenance.

Homeautomationhascomealongwayfromthemanualtimerhookeduptothelivingroomlight.Today's"smart"homeautomaticallyregulatesheat,airandlight,distributesaudioandvideoaroundthehouse,controlsaccesstoyourhomeandcanevenremindyoutoexercise!

Newtechnologiesandproductadvanceshavemadehometechnologysystemsmoreaffordablethaneverandhavebroughthomesystemsintegrationintothemainstream.Accordingtoastudydonein2004bytheNationalAssociationofHomeBuildersResearchCenterandtheConsumerElectronicsAssociation,nearlyhalfofallnewhomesbeingbuiltintheU.S.arenowusingstructuredcopper"smart"wiringtoenabletheinstallationofnewhometechnologysystems.

HowitWorks

Therearefourmaintypesofnetworksyoucaninstallinyourhometosupporttheavailablenewtechnology.Eachhasitsadvantagesanddisadvantagesdependingonwhetheryouarewiringanewhomeorupgradinganexistinghome.

∙Structuredwiringinvolvesrunningspecializedhighperformancecablingthroughoutyourhome.Itprovidesahighlyreliableandsecurenetworkthatdistributesdatasignalsforphones,computers,TVsandaudiocomponents.It'sidealfornewconstructionbutnotalwayseasytoinstallinanexistinghome.Also,networkingislimitedtothereachofcables,jacksandplugs.

∙Wirelessnetworksprovidetheadvantagesofflexibilityandmobilityandvirtuallyeliminatethewiringdilemmasoftenfacedbyexistinghomeowners.However,wirelessnetworkstendtobelessreliableandsubjecttointerferencefromotherdevicessuchasbabymonitorsandcordlessphones.

∙Power-linenetworksuseahome'sexistingelectricallinestotransmitdata.Theyarerelativelyeasytosetupandoperatebutcarrytheriskofpowersurges,andanunencryptedhouseholdnetworkmaybeaccessibletoneighborssharingthesametransformer.

∙Phone-linenetworksuseahome'stelephonelinestocarrymultipleservices.Typically,eachserviceisassignedauniquefrequencyspectrumsotheydon'tinterferewithoneanother.Smarthometechnologymayalsoenableyoutodialinviaaphonelinetocontrolspecifichomeoperatingsystemsand/orbepre-settodialouttoamonitoringserviceinthecaseofafireorbreak-in.

Whilethepossibilitiesforhomeautomationareonlylimitedbyyourimagination,thechoicesfacingtheaveragehomeownermayseemdaunting.Thegoodnewsisthatyoudonotneedtobecomeatechnologicalexpertinordertoenhanceyourhome'scapabilities.Ahometechnologyintegratorcandesign,implement,andtietogetheryourhome'svariouselectronicsystems.Theseinclude:

Entertainment:

Youmayhavebeenimpressedbyafriend'shometheatresetuponenight,whentheypoppedamovieintheirDVDplayerandgaveyouthelargescreen,surroundsoundexperience.Butwhynottakethisexperiencefurther?

Usingfairlysimpleautomationtechnology,youcouldpusha"movie"buttononatouchpadinyourfamilyroom.Thelightswoulddim,theblindswouldclose,thepopcornmakerwouldspringintoaction,thefridgewouldcheckforadequateicelevelsforyoursoda,andyourcallswouldbeautomaticallyforwardedstraighttoyouransweringservice.Withalittlecreativityandplanning,alltheseeventscanbeachievedusingahomenetwork.

Itwouldbeequallysimple,usingmotionsensorsandyourstereosystem,toplaymusiceverytimeyouenteraroominyourhome--somethingupbeat,perhaps,forthehomegym,maybeclassicalmusicforyourstudy--thepossibilitiesareendless.Oryoucouldsitinyourlivingroomandselectthemusicyouwanttolistentoviaon-screenmenusthataredisplayedonyourTV.

Youcouldevenmonitoryourchildren'stelevisionandvideo-gamehabits,whenyou'renotathomebyprogrammingthenetworktoalertyourcellphoneifyourchildrenwatchtoomuchtelevisionorinappropriateprogramming.OryoucansimplyprogramtheTVorgamingconsoletoshutoffafteracertainamountoftime.

Security:

Usingsmarthomeautomationtechnology,youcanprogramyourlightstosimulatenormalin-homeactivitywhenyou'reaway.Forexample,sometimearoundyourregularbedtime,yourbedroomlightsandTVwillturnonwhiletherestofthehousewillbedarkened.Andthislightingroutinecanbesetuptochangeontheweekend.

Toprotectagainstbreak-ins,youcanpositionwebcamsathomeentrancesandinstallanalarmsystemthatusesheatandmotionsensorstoalertyouandaremotesecuritycompanyinthecaseofanintruder.

Inthecaseoffire,yoursmokedetectorcanbewiredtosoundnotjustanalarmbutalsotosendasignaltoyourair-conditioningsystemfanstoshutdown,alertyouandspecifiedcontactsandilluminateanevacuationroutethroughoutthehouse.

Energy:

Energysavingscanberealizedbyautomatingthermostats,lightsandotherenvironmentalsystemssuchasgardensprinklersandfountains.Integratingalloftheseintooneenvironmentalsystemcanhelpensureaminimumwasteofenergyinyourhome.Forexample,onahot,sunnyday,weathersensorscanactivateblindanddraperycontrolstoshadeyourhome,andensurethatyourgardenreceivesadequateirrigationattherighttimeofday.Motionandoccupancysensorscanactivateheatandlightingcontrolsasyouenterandexitrooms.

Today’snewsmartIRsensorsrepresentaunionoftworapidlyevolvingsciencesthatcombineIRtemperaturemeasurementwithhigh-speeddigitaltechnologiesusuallyassociatedwiththecomputer.Theseinstrumentsarecalledsmartsensorsbecausetheyincorporatemicroprocessorsprogrammedtoactastransceiversforbidirectional,serialcommunicationsbetweensensorsonthemanufacturingfloorandcomputersinthecontrolroom（seePhoto1）.Andbecausethecircuitryissmaller,thesensorsaresmaller,simplifyinginstallationintightorawkwardareas.Integratingsmartsensorsintoneworexistingprocesscontrolsystemsoffersanimmediateadvantagetoprocesscontrolengineersintermsofprovidinganewlevelofsophisticationintemperaturemonitoringandcontrol.

Whenyouleaveforworkinthemorning,yourhousecould"check"forandturnoffunnecessaryenergyco