傲慢与偏见英语毕业论文论傲慢与偏见中简奥斯丁的婚姻观.docx
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傲慢与偏见英语毕业论文论傲慢与偏见中简奥斯丁的婚姻观.docx
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傲慢与偏见英语毕业论文论傲慢与偏见中简奥斯丁的婚姻观
存档编号
赣南师范学院学士学位论文
ViewsonMarriageofJaneAusten
inPrideandPrejudice
教学学院外国语学院
届别2013届
专业英语
姓名鲍佩
学号0
指导教师赖艺___
完成日期2013-03-22_
ViewsonMarriageofJaneAusteninPrideandPrejudice
论《傲慢与偏见》中简奥斯丁的婚姻观
Abstract:
JaneAustenwasoneofthedistinguishedrealisticnovelistsinthenineteenth-centuryinEnglishliterature.PrideandPrejudiceisaworld-widepopularnovelpublishedin1813.Austensetthestoryinthefirstdecadeofthenineteenthcentury.Atthattime,marriagewastheonlywayforwomentogainsocialstatusandrecognition.Fromthedescriptionoffourdifferentmarriages,thenovelexploretheimportantrolethatmoneyandloveplaysinmarriage.Austenfullyexpressesheroriginalviewsonmarriage:
property,socialstatusandlovearethreeindispensableelementsinamarriage.Itiswrongtomarryformoney,butitisunwisetomarrywithoutmoney.Austen’sviewsonmarriageemphasizeloveandeconomiccondition,andahappymarriageshouldbebasedonmutuallove,mutualunderstanding.ThethesistriestodrawsomeinspirationfromAustenandprovidesomehintsformodernwomenintheirviewofmarriage。
Keywords:
Love;Marriage;Money;socialstatus
摘要:
简·奥斯汀是十九世纪英国文学史上最伟大的现实主义小说家之一。
她的《傲慢与偏见》于1813年问世,是一部享誉世界的著名小说。
小说将故事情节置于十九世纪初,十九世纪的英国,婚姻是女性获得社会地位和社会认知的唯一途径。
小说通过对四种不同婚姻的描写,探讨金钱与爱情在婚姻中的重要作用,从而得出作者简·奥斯汀的婚姻观:
财产、社会地位和爱情是婚姻中必不可少的三个因素,为了金钱而结婚是错误的,然而缺少金钱的婚姻也是不明智的。
奥斯汀的婚姻观强调爱情和经济条件,认为幸福的婚姻应该建立在相互爱慕和相互理解上。
本文作者意在借用奥斯汀的一些进步观点为现代女性在婚姻观方面提供一些借鉴
关键词:
爱情;婚姻;金钱;社会地位
Contents
Abstract…………………………………………………………………….2
Keywords…………………………………………………………………..2
Chapter1Introduction……………………………………………………..4
Austen……………………………………………………………..4
BackgroundofPrideandPrejudice…………………………………….4
Chapter2FourMarriagesinPrideandPrejudice…………………………..6
CollinsandCharlotte’smarriage……………………………..6
.LydiaandWickham’sMarriage………………………………7
.JaneandMr.Bingley’sMarriage…………………………….7
.DarcyandElizabeth’sMarriage………………………………8
Chapter3ViewsonfourMarriagesofJaneAusteninPrideandPrejudice…11
.Marriagebasedontrueloveandmutualunderstanding……..11
3.1.1.JaneandMr.Bingley’smarriage………………………11
3.1.2.DarcyandElizabeth’smarriage………………………..11
.Marriagebasedonmoneyandsocialstatus………………….12
3.2.1.CollinsandCharlotte’smarriage……………………….12
3.2.2.LydiaandWickham’sMarriage………………………..13
Chapter4ThepracticalimportanceofJaneAusten'sviews…………………….15
.AtJaneAustentime……………………………………………………....15
.Inmodernsociety………………………………………………………...16
Chapter5Conclusion……………………………………………………………..18
Chapter1Introduction
JaneAustin
“JaneAusten(1775-1817)wasborninHampshire,acountrypriestfamilylocatedinHants,thevillageofKingston,SidemeninnorthEngland.Shewasabeautiful,talentedmiddleclasswomanwithextraordinarytemperamentandgoodcultivation.”Hersixnovels-SenseandSensibility,PrideandPrejudice,NorthangerAbbey,Mansfield,Emma,Persuasion“alldescribemorethanmarriage”(Wang,2005:
64).However,hermarriageisinblankwithinher42yearslifetime.Goingthroughthebesttimeofthelife,sheultimatelydoesn’tmeettherightpersoninherlifeandfinallygivesupherlove.WiththesesweetandbitterexperiencesshewritesthegreatworkPrideandPrejudice.
JaneAustenwasmostlytutoredathome,andirregularlyatschool,butshereceivedabroadereducationthanmanywomenofhertime.Shestartedtowriteforfamilyamusementasachild.Herparentswereavidreaders;Austen'sownfavoritepoetwasCowper.Herearliest-knownwritingsdatefromabout1787.Veryshyaboutherwriting,shewroteonsmallpiecesofpaperthatsheslippedunderthedeskplotterifanyonecameintotheroom.Inherletterssheobservedthedailylifeofherfamilyandfriendsinanintimateandgossipymanner:
“JamesdancedwithAlethea,andcutuptheturkeylastnightwithgreatperseverance.Yousaynothingofthesilkstockings;Iflattermyself,therefore,thatCharleshasnotpurchasedany,asIcannotverywellaffordtopayforthem;allmymoneyisspentinbuyingwhiteglovesandpinkpersian.”(AusteninalettertohersisterCassandrain1796)
BackgroundofPrideandPrejudice
PrideandPrejudice,thebookaboutcommonplacethingsandordinarypeople,isoneofJaneAusten’sfamousbooks,beingtherepresentativeofrealisticliterature.Inportrays,withspecialsensitivecharacteristicoffemalewriters,thelifeandideasofmiddleclasswholiveincountryside.Thisnovelmakesananalysisofhumannatureandthenstickupreaderstothinkoversocialrelations.
“Atthattime,accordingtothesocialconditionsinBritain,agoodmarriageforayoungwomanwascritical.ThisphenomenonwascloselyassociatedwiththeBritishsocietyandthestatusofwomeninthesociety.Inthe19thcentury,womenwerenotwellrespectedcomparedwiththeonesinthepresentsociety.Therewasnoequalitybetweenwomanandman.Womenwereconsideredtobeinferiortomenintermsofintelligenceandcapacity.Thecentrallifeofwomenwasforcedtobestayingathome;theirrolesweretodealwiththefamilyaffairs,suchastakingcareofthechildrenandservingforthehusband.”(ZhuHong1995:
34).
Peopleatthattimethoughtthatwomenshouldbesubmissivetotheirhusbands.Thevirtuesofwomenwerepatienceanddeference.Theymustrecognizetheirinherentinferioritytomen,sotheymustrestricttheirabilitieswithoutquestion.Althoughthestatusofwomenwaslow,fewofthemexpresseddissatisfactionabouttheirowndestiny.Atthattime,manymiddle-classyoungwomenhadthreewaysout:
gettingmarried,stayingathomeasoldmaidsorworkingasthefamilyfemaleteachers.Theincomeofafamilyfemaleteacherwasverylow,andthestatuswaslowaswell.Itwasverydifficultforthemtochangeorswapoutofthisstatus,noonewouldliketobeamaidforever,therefore,foryoungwomen,especiallythosewhodidnothaveenoughproperties,gettingmarriedwastheonlygoodwayforthemtogainrespect,stabilityandsocialstatus.
AustenfullycriticizedsomebadphenomenaatthattimeinherworkPrideandPrejudiceandtooksomeperfectpointsaboutmarriagetodemonstrateherownviewonmarriage.
Chaper2FourmarriagesinPrideandPrejudice
Mr.CollinsandCharlotte’sMarriage
InPrideandPrejudice,thefirstpartisthemarriageofCharlotteandCollins.CharlotteisWilliamLucas’sdaughter,whoistheneighborofLizzyBennett.Sheisborninapoorfamilyandverymediocreineveryaspect.Soshehasnotgotmarriedevenuntilsheis26yearsold.Shemaybeatypicalquestionablegirl.“However,thereare5daughtersintheBennett’s,thefivedaughtersaregraduallygrowinguptotheageformarriage.Sobothofthetwofamiliesrivalmutually,especiallyintheeyesoftheordinarywomen,suchrivalrywasparticularlytedious.”(Huang,2007:
126)Bennett’swifeisespeciallytypical;shedoesnotgivebirthtoaboybutfivegirls.Thefamily’spropertycouldn’tbegiventoadaughteraccordingtothecustomatthattime,andthefamilywithoutasoncangrantthewealthtothenephew.SooneofBennettnephews—Collinscaninheritthefamilywealth.Therefore,Mrs.Bennetthasgreatexpectationsonhernephew.Thoughthefamilyisnotsorich,Collinsistheonlyonewhocaninheritthewholeproperty.Forthisreason,Mrs.Bennettfeelsatease,andthenshehasgreathopeonCollinsandlikeshim.Withthehelpofoneofhisrelatives,Collinsbecomesapriest.Andthenhegoestohisuncle’shome,wantingtobeoneson-in-lawofBennett.Becausehehasheardalotaboutthesituationofthefivedaughtersofhisuncle’sfamily;heiscomingtotryhisluckhere.Inhismind,ifhecouldbeoneson-in-lawofhisuncle’s,thenhecouldgetthepropertyofthefamily.Atfirst,hesuggestsMrs.Bennettthatthe26-yearoldJanehascapturedhisattention.AfterinformedthattheeldestdaughterJanehasaboyfriend,hethinksthattheseconddaughterElizabethwouldbeanagreeablealternative.Eventually,Elizabethrefuseshimwithsharptongue.ButCollinsquicklyfindscomfortfromCharlottewhodesirestogetmarriedandbelievesthatthemarriageistheonlywayforhertogainrespectandalsoistheonlyendingofawoman.Andthentheygetmarriedasquicklyasthelightning.
LydiaandWickham’sMarriage
ThesecondmarriageisbetweenBennett’sthirddaughterLydiaandWickham,thesonofthehousekeeperofMr.Darcy.Atfirst,heiswell-treatedbythefamilyandthefriends.However,hecomesdownintheworldbecauseofhismisbehavior.Hegetsintodebt.Heisamanwithoutanyresponsibility.Hewantstogetmarriedinordertobecomerichsohecanchangehissocialstatus.Inhisopinion,loveisonlyrecreation.Forhispurpose,heenticesLydiawhoisyoung,innocentandvainglorious.“Lydia,withperfectindifference,continuedtoexpressheradmirationofCaptionCarter,andherhopeofseeinghiminthecourseoftheday,ashewasgoingthenextmorningtoLondon.”(Austen1813:
58)Lydiahatestoworkhard,andisspoiltbyhermother,andgettingloveandpraiseofaboyisherdream.SoWickhamgetsherloveeasily.“WhenWickhamwantstoreachhisaim—gettingwealthbyloveandexaltsherbeautyhypocritically,sheforgetswhosheisandfeelssheisthemostbeautifulandhappiestgirlintheworld.”(Fu,2002:
43)Theirlovedoesnotgetthepermissionfromtheparents,andthentheyelope.AsLydiaisyoungandempty-minded,shenevergivesloveaseriousandproperconsideration,sowhenElizabethhearsthenews,shebelievesthattheirloveisfalse,WickhamwouldnotmarryLydia,becausesheisnotcharmingandhasnothingtoattracthim,andheisonlyfondofthewealthof
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