执行世界遗产公约的操作准则英文.docx
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执行世界遗产公约的操作准则英文.docx
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执行世界遗产公约的操作准则英文
文章来源:
中国世界遗产网
执行世界遗产公约的操作准则(英文)
UNITEDNATIONSEDUCATIONAL,SCIENTIFIC
ANDCULTURALORGANISATION
INTERGOVERNMENTALCOMMITTEEFORTHE
PROTECTIONOFTHEWORLDCULTURAL
ANDNATURALHERITAGE
OperationalGuidelinesfortheImplementation
oftheWorldHeritageConvention
WHC-97/2
February1997
TABLEOFCONTENTS
ParagraphNos.
INTRODUCTION1-5
I.ESTABLISHMENTOFTHEWORLDHERITAGELIST
A.GeneralPrinciples6
B.IndicationstoStatesPartiesconcerningnominationstotheList7-22
C.CriteriafortheinclusionofculturalpropertiesintheWorldHeritageList23-42
D.CriteriafortheinclusionofnaturalpropertiesintheWorldHeritageList43-45
E.ProcedurefortheeventualdeletionofpropertiesfromtheWorldHeritageList46-56
F.Guidelinesfortheevaluationandexaminationofnominations57-63
G..Formatandcontentofnominations64
H.Procedureandtimetablefortheprocessingofnominations65-67
II.MONITORINGTHESTATEOFCONSERVATIONOFPROPERTIESINSCRIBEDONTHEWORLDHERITAGELIST68
A.Systematicmonitoringandreporting69-74
B.Reactivemonitoring75
III.ESTABLISHMENTOFTHELISTOFWORLDHERITAGEINDANGER
A.GuidelinesfortheinclusionofpropertiesintheListofWorldHeritageinDanger76
B.CriteriafortheinclusionofpropertiesintheListofWorldHeritageinDanger77-81
C.ProcedurefortheinclusionofpropertiesintheListofWorldHeritageinDanger82-89
IV.INTERNATIONALASSISTANCE
DifferentformsofassistanceavailableundertheWorldHeritageFund
(i)Preparatoryassistance90-91
(ii)Emergencyassistance92-93
(iii)Training94-98
(iv)Technicalco-operation99-106
(v)Assistanceforpromotionalactivities107B.DeadlinesforpresentationofrequestsforinternationalassistanceforconsiderationbytheBureauandtheCommittee108
C.Orderofprioritiesforthegrantingofinternationalassistance109-112
D.AgreementtobeconcludedwithStatesreceivinginternationalassistance113-115
E.Implementationofprojects116
F.Conditionsforthegrantingofinternationalassistance117
V.WORLDHERITAGEFUND118-120
VI.BALANCEBETWEENTHECULTURALANDTHENATURALHERITAGEINTHEIMPLEMENTATIONOFTHECONVENTION121
VII.OTHERMATTERS
A.UseoftheWorldHeritageEmblemandthe122-125name,symbolordepictionofWorldHeritagesites
B.Productionofplaquestocommemoratethe126-128inclusionofpropertiesintheWorldHeritageList
C.RulesofProcedureoftheCommittee129
D.MeetingsoftheWorldHeritageCommittee130-131
E.MeetingsoftheBureauoftheWorldHeritageCommittee132
F.Participationofexpertsfromdevelopedcountries133-134
G.PublicationsoftheWorldHeritageList135-136
H.ActionatthenationalleveltopromoteagreaterawarenessoftheactivitiesundertakenundertheConvention137-138
I.LinkswithotherConventionsand139Recommendations
INTRODUCTION
1.Theculturalheritageandthenaturalheritageareamongthepricelessandirreplaceablepossessions,notonlyofeachnation,butofmankindasawhole.Theloss,throughdeteriorationordisappearance,ofanyofthesemostprizedpossessionsconstitutesanimpoverishmentoftheheritageofallthepeoplesintheworld.Partsofthatheritage,becauseoftheirexceptionalqualities,canbeconsideredtobeofoutstandinguniversalvalueandassuchworthyofspecialprotectionagainstthedangerswhichincreasinglythreatenthem.
2.Inanattempttoremedythisperiloussituationandtoensure,asfaraspossible,theproperidentification,protection,conservationandpresentationoftheworld'sirreplaceableheritage,theMemberStatesofUNESCOadoptedin1972theConventionconcerningtheProtectionoftheWorldCulturalandNaturalHeritage,hereinafterreferredtoas"theConvention".TheConventioncomplementsheritageconservationprogrammesatthenationallevelandprovidesfortheestablishmentofa"WorldHeritageCommittee"anda"WorldHeritageFund".BoththeCommitteeandtheFundhavebeeninoperationsince1976.
3.TheWorldHeritageCommittee,hereinafterreferredtoas"theCommittee",hasfouressentialfunctions:
(i)toidentify,onthebasisofnominationssubmittedbyStatesParties,culturalandnaturalpropertiesofoutstandinguniversalvaluewhicharetobeprotectedundertheConventionandtolistthosepropertiesonthe"WorldHeritageList";
(ii)monitorthestateofconservationofpropertiesinscribedontheWorldHeritageList,inliaisonwiththeStatesParties.
(iii)todecideincaseofurgentneedwhichpropertiesincludedintheWorldHeritageListaretobeinscribedonthe"ListofWorldHeritageinDanger"((onlypropertieswhichrequirefortheirconservationmajoroperationsandforwhichassistancehasbeenrequestedundertheConventioncanbeconsidered));
(iv)todetermineinwhatwayandunderwhatconditionstheresourcesintheWorldHeritageFundcanmostadvantageouslybeusedtoassistStatesParties,asfaraspossible,intheProtectionoftheirpropertiesofoutstandinguniversalvalue.
4.TheOperationalGuidelineswhicharesetoutbelowhavebeenpreparedforthepurposeofinformingStatesPartiestotheConventionoftheprincipleswhichguidetheworkoftheCommitteeinestablishingtheWorldHeritageListandtheListofWorldHeritageinDangerandingrantinginternationalassistanceundertheWorldHeritageFund.TheseGuidelinesalsoprovidedetailsonmonitoringandotherquestions,mainlyofaproceduralnature,whichrelatetotheimplementationoftheConvention.
5.TheCommitteeisfullyawarethatitsdecisionsmustbebasedonconsiderationswhichareasobjectiveandscientificaspossible,andthatanyappraisalmadeonitsbehalfmustbethoroughlyandresponsiblycarriedout.Itrecognizesthatobjectiveandwellconsidereddecisionsdependupon:
-carefullypreparedcriteria,-thoroughprocedures,-evaluationbyqualifiedexpertsandtheuseofexpertreferees.
TheOperationalGuidelineshavebeenpreparedwiththeseobjectivesinmind.
I.ESTABLISHMENTOFTHEWORLDHERITAGELIST
A.GeneralPrinciples
6.TheCommitteeagreedthatthefollowinggeneralprincipleswouldguideitsworkinestablishingtheWorldHeritageList:
(i)TheConventionprovidesfortheprotectionofthoseculturalandnaturalproperties1deemedtobeofoutstandinguniversalvalue.Itisnotintendedtoprovidefortheprotectionofallpropertiesofgreatinterest,importanceorvalue,butonlyforaselectlistofthemostoutstandingofthesefromaninternationalviewpoint.TheoutstandinguniversalvalueofculturalandnaturalpropertiesisdefinedbyArticles1and2oftheConvention.ThesedefinitionsareinterpretedbytheCommitteebyusingtwosetsofcriteria:
onesetforculturalpropertyandanothersetfornaturalproperty.ThecriteriaandtheconditionsofauthenticityorintegrityadoptedbytheCommitteeforthispurposearesetoutinparagraphs24and44below.
(ii)ThecriteriafortheinclusionofpropertiesintheWorldHeritageListhavebeenelaboratedtoenabletheCommitteetoactwithfullindependenceinevaluatingtheintrinsicmeritofproperty,withoutregardtoanyotherconsideration(includingtheneedfortechnicalco-operationsupport).
(iii)EffortswillbemadetomaintainareasonablebalancebetweenthenumbersofculturalheritageandthenaturalheritagepropertiesenteredontheList.
(iv)CulturalandnaturalpropertiesareincludedintheWorldHeritageListaccordingtoagradualprocessandnoformallimitisimposedeitheronthetotalnumberofpropertiesincludedintheListoronthenumberofpropertiesanyindividualStatecansubmitatsuccessivestagesforinclusiontherein.
(v)Inscriptionsofsitesshallbedeferreduntilevidenceofthefullcommitmentofthenominatinggovernment,withinitsmeans,isdemonstrated.Evidencewouldtaketheformsofrelevantlegislation,staffing,funding,andmanagementplans,asdescribedbelowinParagraph24(b)(ii)forculturalproperties,andinParagraph44(b)(vi)fornaturalproperties.
(vi)WhenapropertyhasdeterioratedtotheextentthatithaslostthosecharacteristicswhichdetermineditsinclusionintheWorldHeritageList.ItshouldbeplacedontheWorldHeritageinDangerList,subsequentlytheprocedureconcerningthepossibledeletionfromtheListwillbeapplied.Thisprocedureissetoutinparagraphs46to54below.
(vii)Inviewofthedifficultyinhandlingthelargenumbersofculturalnominationsnowbeingreceived,however,theCommitteeinvitesStatesPartiestoconsiderwhethertheirculturalheritageisalreadywellrepresentedontheListandifsotoslowdownvoluntarilytheirrateofsubmissionoffurthernominations.ThiswouldhelpinmakingitpossiblefortheListtobecomemoreuniversallyrepresentative.Bythesametoken,theCommitteecallsonStatesPartieswhoseculturalheritageisnotyetadequatelyrepresentedontheListandwhomightneedassistanceinpreparingnominationsofculturalpropertiestoseeksuchassistancefromtheCommittee.
B.IndicationstoStatesPartiesconcerningnominationstotheList
7.TheCommitteerequestseachStatePartytosubmittoitatentativelistofpropertieswhichitintendstonominateforinscriptiontotheWorldHeritageListduringthefollowingfivetotenyears.Thistentativelistwillconstitutethe"inventory"(providedforinArticle11oftheConvention)oftheculturalandnaturalpropertiessituatedwithintheterritoryofeachStatePartyandwhichitconsiderssuitableforinclusionintheWorldHeritageList.ThepurposeofthesetentativelistsistoenabletheCommitteetoevaluatewithinthewidestpossiblecontextthe"outstandinguniversalvalue"ofeachpropertynominatedtotheList.TheCommitteehopesthatStatesPartiesthat
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