高考英语二轮语法代词讲解及试题集.docx
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高考英语二轮语法代词讲解及试题集.docx
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高考英语二轮语法代词讲解及试题集
高考英语二轮语法代词讲解及试题集
1)人称代词:
人称代词分主格和宾格两种,前者在句子中担任主语,后者担任动词或介词的宾语。
TheystudyGerman./Pleasepassmetheruler.
①人称代词的用法:
a.当代词成对地使用或一个代词与一个名词搭配使用时,两个部分的句法功能必须一致。
LiHongandIwentshoppingyesterday.
Itwasourteacherwhosmoothedawaythedifferencebetweenyouandme.
注:
人称代词的排列一般为:
第二人称,第三人称,第一人称
you,heandIthemandus
如有其他代词时,其他代词排列于人称代词之后,如:
he,Iandsomeothers
b.人称代词用作表语时,如说明主语,一般要用主格,如说明宾语则要用宾格。
IfIwereshe,Iwouldtakeyouradvice.
Iwouldsharetheroomwithyouifyouwerehim.
②"It"的用法。
a.用作人称代词,代替前文提到过的事物。
Whereisthecat?
It'sinthekitchen.
Jackisill.Haveyouheardaboutit?
Mybookismissing.Ican'tfinditanywhere.
b.用以代替指示代词this,that。
What'sthis?
--It'safrog./Whosepenisthat?
--It'smine.
c.表示时间,天气,距离等。
Alovelyday,isn'tit?
/It'stwoo'clock.
It'sabouttwolifromheretoourschool.
d.用作形式主语,形式宾语,代替不定式短语,动名词或从句。
It'snousetalkingwithhimaboutthat.
Ittookmetwentyminutestogetthere.
Wethinkitimportantthatcollegestudentsshouldmasteratleastoneforeignlanguage.
e.用在强调结构中。
为了强调句子的某一成分(通常是主语,宾语或状语),常用强调结构"Itis(was)+被强调成分+that(或who)…"
ItwasLiuMingthatIsawinthestreetthismorning.
Itwasintheclassroomthathetoldmeaboutit.
2)不定代词:
①all/both
a.both用于两个人或事物,all用于两个以上的人或事物,均可作主语。
All(ofus)likefruits./Both(ofthem)aregoodatEnglish.
b.用作同位语。
作主语同位语时须注意它们的位置不同,位于行为动词之前;位于be动词之后。
Theyall(或both)agreedwithme./Theyareall(或both)veryhealthy.
Iknowthemall(或both).
②one/it(人称代词)
one代替可数名词,表示上面所提到的那一类人或物中的一个,其复数形式带定语时用ones,不带定语时用some。
而it则用于指代上文提到的那个表示物的名词本身,既可指单数可数名词也可指不可数名词。
Idon'thaveawatchbutI'mgoingtobuyone(或some).
Ihaveabicycle.Myauntgaveittome.
③noone/none
noone只用于指人,而none既可指人也可指物。
如果说"若干人(物)之中一个也不",用"noneof",后接复数名词时,谓语可以用复数,也可用单数;后接不可数名词时,谓语用单数。
如:
NoonetoldmethathehadgonetoShanghai.
Noneofthemhave(或has)arrivedyet.(不用noone)
Noneofthemoneyismine.
④some/any/no/every+(thing,one,body等。
)
some类用于肯定句,any类用于否定和疑问句。
Iknownothingofwhathadhappenedtohim.
Ihavelittlerice,soIcan'tlendyouany.
Sheisgoingtobuysomenewdresses.
注:
everyone和everyone
前者意思是"每个人",与everybody同义,后面不可跟of短语,后者意思是每个人或物,后面跟of短语。
试比较:
everyoneintheclassroom(教室里的所有的人)
everyoneofthechildren(这些孩子中的每一个)
everyoneofthebooks(这些书中的每一本)
⑤部分否定与全部否定:
当all,both,each和every(body,thing)等表示整体意义的代词与否定词连用时,一般只表示部分否定,如果表示全部否定,应该用none,noone,neither,nobody,nothing等.
Allofthestudentswerenotlatefortheclass.不是所有学生上课都迟到的。
(现代英语中常写成:
Notallthestudentswerelatefortheclass.)
Noneofthestudentswerelatefortheclass.没有一个学生上课迟到的。
3)疑问代词:
用于构成特殊疑问句,其中what,which,whose兼有形容词特征,可以和名词连用。
Whatjobdoyouwanttofind?
/Whosegirlisshe?
Whichsubjectisyourbestone?
所有疑问代词都可以起名词作用,在句子中担任成分。
Whotoldyou?
/Whomareyouwaitingfor?
Whosearethosebooks?
在学习疑问代词时,对以下几组词注意区别:
1which和what
两者均可与名词连用,就人或物提问。
但是which一般用于有一定选择范围的情况,what用于无选择范围或究竟是什么还不清楚的情况。
Whichcolourdoyoulike-green,red,yelloworbrown?
Whatcolourisherdress?
Whatwritersdoyoulikebest?
2which和who两者都可作代词,它们的区别是不管选择的范围是大还是小,which一般用作指物。
Whichwouldyouliketoeat-steakorfish?
Whowonthegame-SmithorJohnson?
当有一定选择范围时,whichone代替who作宾语.
Whichonedoyoulikebetter,yourmotheroryourfather?
Whichof可和人称代词或指人的名词连用,如:
WhichofyouhastakenawaymyEnglishbook?
4)连接代词who,whom,whose,which,what,whatever,whoever等,除起连接作用外,还可以在从句中担当主语,宾语,定语,表语等成分。
如:
Thequestioniswhocanoperatethenewmachine.(引导表语从句--作主语)
Theyaskedwhoseideathiswas.(引导宾语从句--作定语)
Whenyouareolder,youcanwatchwhateverprogrammeyoulike.
(引导宾语从句--作定语)
I'llgivemytickettowhoeverwantsit.
(这里whoever可看成"anyonewho",or"thepersonwho").
试完成下列高考(06年前)单项选择题:
1.Wecouldn'teatinarestaurantbecause_______ofushad______moneyonus.
A.all,noB.any,noC.none,anyD.noone,any
2.Fewpleasurescanequal______ofacooldrinkonahotday.
A.someB.anyC.thatD.those
3.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_____itwas?
A.whereB.whatC.howD.which
4.TheParkersboughtanewhouse,but_____willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.
A.theyB.itC.oneD.which
5.Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdon'tagreewith______.
A.everythingB.anythingC.somethingD.nothing
(答案1-----5CCDBA)
练习
(一)代词
一、强化训练:
1.NewEnglish-ChineseDictionaryhasbeenrepublishedseveraltimes,_____moreuptodatethanthelastedition.
A.anyB.everyoneC.eitherD.each
2.Afterpaying1,000dollars_____,you'llallbecomefullmembersofourclub.
A.eachB.allC.everyD.both
3._____washercrueltythatweallhatedher.
A.ItB.WhatC.ThatD.Such
4.Maryhasbeenillinbedforaweek.Iwonderifsheis_____betternow.
A.muchB.someC.anyD.very
5.-Whichofthesetwotieswillyoutake?
-Idon'tlikethese.Doyouhaveany_____?
A.oneB.otherC.onesD.others
6.I'dratherrideabikeasbikeridinghas_____ofthetroubleoftakingbuses.
A.muchB.allC.neitherD.none
7.Ineedsomeblueinktodaybutthereis_____athand.
A.notB.nothingC.alittleD.none
8.Ifoundtheverywatchofmine_____Ihadleft_____.
A.where,itB.that,itC.which,oneD.where,one
9.Ihaven'tgottimetogetthetickets.Who'sgoingto____?
A.dosoB.doitC.buyitD.dothem
10.-JackcertainlyhasahighopinionofSusan.-Itcan'tbebetterthan_____ofhim.
A.hersB.sheC.thatD.her
11.-Shallweintroduce____fire-fightingequipmentfromabroad?
-Goahead,ifnecessary.
A.otherB.afewmoreC.anotherD.someother
12.-Howaboutthepriceoftheserefrigerators?
-Theyareequalinpriceto,ifnotcheaperthan,_____attheotherstores.
A.othersB.itC.thatD.theones
13.-Idislike_____whenotherslaughatmeinpublicorspeakillofmebehind.
-SodoI.
A.themB.thoseC.itD.that
14.-Whichdoyouprefer,classicalmusicorpopmusic?
-_____.Ipreferfolkmusic.
A.EitherB.BothC.NoneD.Neither
15.Whydon'tyoutrustanduseoldTom?
Heisstillasstrongas_____intheteam.
A.nobodyB.anybodyelseC.everybodyD.somebodyelse
16.-Arethenewmethodstakinganyeffect?
-Yes,_____articlesarestolenfromoursupermarket.
A.fewB.moreC.someD.none
17.Duringthemeetingayoungmancriedoutsuddenlyandthrewhisnotebookatthechairman,_____broughttheroomtodisorder.
A.itB.andwhichC.andthatD.this
18.I'vejustseennomorethanonecopyofGonewiththeWindinthebookshopopposite.Tom,goandbuy_____back.
A.oneB.anyC.itD.some
19.-Doyouhave_____athomenow?
-No,westillhavetogetscoresofeggsandsomevegetables.
A.nothing B.everything C.anything D.something
20.Nancyisexpectinganotherbabyandhopes_____willbeaboy.
A.he B.that C.it D.there
21.Surelyit's_____withthebignoseyoumean,not____!
A.he,I B.him,me C.him,I D.he,me
22.Thetemperaturecanfallto-30℃._____is,30°Cbelowfreezingpoint.
A.Which B.It C.That D.This
23.-Theexamwaseasy,wasn'tit?
-Yes,butIdon'tthink_____couldpassit.
A.somebody B.everybody C.anybody D.nobody
24.Cuttheappleintohalvessothatthetwinsmayeachget_____half.
A.every B.each C.another D.either
25._____ofuscandoeverything,butallofuscando_____.
A.None,something B.Some,everything
C.Few,something D.Few,nothing
26.-MayIhelpyouwithsomegloves,sir?
-Yes,I'dliketotrythoseblue____.
A.one B.ones C.pair D.two
27.Ofallmyfriends_____willbeabletopersuadeTomtochangehismind.Heissofirmuponit.
A.none B.nobody C.neither D.noone
28.-Ishecontenttoacceptourofferedprice?
-Yes.Hecaresmoreaboutthequality.Moneyis_____tohim.
A.everything B.anything C.nothing D.something
29.Ihavenoideawhichwasbetter,soItook____ofthem.
A.both B.none C.all D.any
30.Youmustn'talwaysdo_____asheasksyoutodo.Hemaybewrongsometimes.
A.anything B.something C.nothing D.everything
31.I'mnopainter,andtome,onepaintingismuchlike.
A.another B.theother C.others D.one
32.Ididn'twanteitherof____hatsandaskedthesalesmantoshowme_____.
A.those,another B.two,theother
C.all,theothers D.both,others
33.Thechildrenwerecatchingbutterfliesinthegarden.Somecaughtalot,andotherscaught_atall.
A.nothing B.none C.noone D.neither
34.Thankyouverymuchindeed.That's_____ofyou.
A.kindest B.mostkind C.thekinder D.themostkind
35.Jackisaverylikablefellow,butI'velearnedtotake_____hesayswithagrainofsalt.
A.somethingB.anything C.nothing D.everything
36.-Iloveyoumorethanher,child.
-Youmeanmorethan____loveherormorethansheloves____?
A.you,me B.I,you C.you,you D.I,me
练习
(二)代词
二、高考题选:
1.WasitduringtheSecondWorldWar_____hedied?
(MET88)
A.that B.while C.inwhich D.then
2.Is_____necessarytotakeoffourshoeswhenweenterthelab?
(MET88H)
A.everyone B.this C.her D.it
3.Is_____possibletoflytothemooninaspaceship?
(MET88)
A.now B.that C.it D.man
4.HisParentswouldn'tlethimmarryanyone_____familywaspoor.(MET8
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