11类常用翻译主题词汇.docx

11类常用翻译主题词汇.docx

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11类常用翻译主题词汇

11类翻译主题词汇

一、中国历史

四大文明古国oneofthefourancientcivilizations

人类文明史thehistoryofhumancivilization

源远流长/历史悠久tohavealonghistory;withalonghistory

朝代dynasty

古都ancientcapital

随着时间的推移astimegoesby

远古时代ancienttimes

原始社会primitivesociety

春秋时代theSpringandAutumnPeriod

战国theWarringStates

封建社会feudalsociety

皇帝、君主emperor,monarch

历史遗留问题aquestionleftoverfromhistory/thepast

在战争中损毁toberuinedinwars

抵抗侵略toresisttheinvasion

五四运动theMay4thMovementof1919

在......世纪初atthebeginningof...century

迄今为止uptillnow

追溯到todate/tracebackto

来源于toderive/stemfrom;tooriginatefrom/in

发源地birthplace

兴起于......,兴盛于......toemergein...andprosperin...

保存最完好的best-preserved

原址originalsite

国家博物馆nationalmuseum

皇帝统治时期aperiodofemperorreign

诸侯国kingdom

勤政爱民tobediligentandloveone’speople

退位togiveupthethrone

帝王宫殿imperialpalace

以......命名tobenamedafter

历史人物historyfigure

阳历solarcalendar

阴历lunarcalendar

天干heavenlystem

地支earthlybranch

闰年leapyear

二、中国文化概述

重要文化遗产majorculturalheritage

优秀民间艺术outstandingfolkarts

文化产业cultureindustry

文化底蕴culturaldeposit

文化事业culturalundertaking

文化交流culturalexchange

文化冲击culturalshock

文化差异culturaldifference

独特的艺术价值uniqueartisticvalues

诚实守信honesty

爱国主义精神patriotism

国宝nationaltreasure

文物culturalrelics

华夏祖先theChineseancestors

中华民族theChinesenation

传统美德traditionalvirtues

文人menofletter

雅士refinedscholar

才子佳人giftedscholarsandbeautifulladies

高雅艺术refined/highart

中外学者Chineseandoverseasscholars

古为今用tomakethepastservethepresent

洋为中用tomaketheforeignserveChina

无愧于时代的作品worksworthyofthetimes

文明摇篮cradleofcivilization

古文明ancientcivilization

博大精深tobeextensiveandprofound

享有......的声誉toenjoyagood/highreputationfor

被誉为......tobehonored/crownedas

占重要地位toplayasignificantrole;tohave/occupyasignificantplace

肩负......的责任toshouldertheresponsibilityof......

与......密不可分tobecloselyassociatedwith......

最广中国文化topromoteChineseculture

促进世界和平topromotewouldpeace

增进友谊toenhancefriendship

文化娱乐活动culturalandamusementactivities

民族特性和价值观nationalidentityandvalue

在各地差异很大tovarywidelyfromregion/placetoregion/place

促进文化的传播topromotethespreadofculture

促进交流topromoteexchanges

蓬勃发展toflourish

丰富多彩toberichandcolorful

风俗习惯custom

禁忌taboo

尊敬老人torespecttheelderly

赡养老人tosupport/takecareofparents

继承toinherit

后人latergeneration

强身健体toimprovethephysicalhealth;tostrengthenthebody

益寿延年toprolonglife

保佑平安tokeepsb.Safe

象征意义symbolicmeaning

象征好运和祝福tosymbolizegoodluckandblessings

审美观/品味tasteforbeauty;aesthetictaste

三、中国传统文化

中医药traditionalChinesemedicine

中草药herbalmedicine

望、闻、问、切observing,listening,inquiring,pulsetaking

症状symptom

重大发明asignificantinvention

中国古代四大发明thefourgreatinventionsofancientChina

火药gunpowder

印刷术paper-making

指南针thecompass

文房四宝theFourTreasuresoftheStudy

笔、墨、纸、砚brush,inkstick,inkstone

汉字Chinesecharacter

笔划stroke

普通话四声调thefourtonesofMandarinChinese

书法calligraphy

中国画traditionalChinesepainting

水墨画Chinesebrushpainting;inkwashpainting

武术martialarts

中国功夫KungFu

太极TaiChia

孔子Confucius

孟子Mencius

思想学派schoolofthought

思想核心thecoreofideology

代表人物representative

儒家思想Confucianism

儒家文化Confucianculture

和尚、僧人monk

寺庙temple

伊斯兰教Islam

清真寺mosque

宗教religion

建筑architecture

钟楼belltower

牌坊memorialarchway

兵马俑TerracottaWarriorsandHorses

丝绸之路theSilkRoad

故宫theImperialPalace

天坛theTempleofHeaven

民间故事folktale

寓言fable

传说legend

凡间humanworld

京剧PekingOpera

脸谱mask

正面角色positiverole

木偶戏puppetshow

皮影戏shadowplay

杂技acrobatics

相声cross-talk

说、学、逗、唱speaking,imitating,teasingandsinging

说书story-telling

传统工艺品traditionalhandicraft

形状不一tobeofdifferentshapes

材质各异variousmaterial

质地坚硬hardtexture

造型生动vividfigure

色彩丰富richcolors

风格独特characteristic/uniquestyle

刺绣embroidery

泥人clayfigure

瓷器porcelain；china

陶器pottery;earthenware

青铜器bronzeware

雕刻tocarve

图章seal

四、中国传统节日

春节theSpringFestival/ChineseNewYear

除夕ChineseNewYear’sEve

年夜饭annualreuniondinner

拜年topayanewyearcall

探亲访友to（paya）visittorelativeandfriends

亲朋好友relativesandfriends

大扫除tothoroughlycleanthehouse

驱厄运tosweepawayillfortune;togetridofbadluck

去除灾难towardoffevils

发红包togivemoneyinredenvelopes;tohandoutredenvelopes

欢度......Thecelebrationof...;tocelebrate

春联springcouples

庙会templefair

民间艺人folkartists

祭神god-worshiping

炮竹，烟火firecracker;firework（s）

年画（traditional）newyearpicture

压岁钱newyear’sgift-money

元宵节theLanternFestival

清明节theTomb-sweepingDay

端午节theDragonBoatFestival

中秋节theMid-autumnDay/Festival

重阳节theDouble-ninthDay

七夕节theDouble-seventhDay

舞龙dragondance

花灯festivallantern

灯谜lanternriddle

有益的智力活动beneficialintellectualactivity

中国结Chineseknot

舞狮liondance

赛龙舟dragonboatrace

赏月toenjoythefullmoon

登高hillclimbing

扫墓topayrespectstothedeadatsb’stomb

五、食物及烹饪方法

中国菜、中餐Chinesecuisine

烹饪技巧cookingtechnique

煎tofry

炒tostir-fry

炸todeep-fry

烩/闷/炖tostew

蒸tosteam

煮toboil

烘焙tobake

烤toroast

切条tocuttostrips

切丁todice

切碎tomince

磨碎togrind

饮食习惯dietaryhabit

特色食品specialfood

元宵sweetstickyricedumplings

年糕ricecake

油条deep-frieddoughsticks

豆浆soybeanmilk

馒头steamedbun

包子steamedstuffedbun

拉面hand-stretchednoodles

豆腐tofu;beancurd

麻花frieddoughtwist

皮蛋100-yearegg;centuryegg

蛋炒饭friedricewithegg

火锅hotpot

原料ingredient

猪/牛肉丸pork/beefball

鸭肉duck

蘑菇mushroom

北京烤鸭Beijingroastduck

素菜馆vegetarianrestaurant

白酒Chineseliquor

六、旅游交通

景点touristattraction;scenicspot

名胜古迹placesofinterests

避暑胜地summerresort

森林公园forestpark

自然保护区naturereserve

自然景观naturalscenery

人文景观humanlandscape

壮丽河山magnificentscenery

古典山水园林classicallandscapegarden

皇家园林royalgarden

中外游客touristsfromhomeandabroad

游乐园amusementpark

度假totakeavacation;togoonholiday

门票（entrance）ticket

免费景区电子门票freesightseeinge-coupon

星级酒店star-ratedhotel

高峰期rushhour

人山人海,人满为患overcrowded;tobepackedwithovercrowdedpeople

翻山越岭toclimbmountainsandhills

受到......的热烈欢迎tobewarmlywelcomeby......

丰富知识toenrichone’sknowledge

开阔视野tobroadenone’shorizon

扩大知识面toenlargethescopeofknowledge

培养独立性tocultivateindependence

运输工具meansoftransportation

公共交通publictransport

地铁站subwaystation

候车室waitingroom

扣分处罚pointpenalty

酒驾drunkdriving

终身禁驾lifetimebanfromdriving

护照passport

签章有效期validityofvisa

散客individualvisitor

团体旅游groupvisitor

七、地理环境

位于......tobelocatedin/that

西部地区westernregions

省会provincialcapital

水域面积waterarea

三面环山tobesurroundedbymountainsonthreesides

全长....公里tostretchfor...kilometers

面貌焕然一新totakeonacompletelynewlook

高原plateau

山峰peak

淡水湖freshwaterlake

沿海港口coastalpot

植物园botanicalgarden

气候climate

环境保护environmentalprotection

提高全民环保意识raiseenvironmentawarenessamongthegeneralpublic

环保产品environment-friendlyproduct

一次性产品disposableproduct

开发可再生资源todeveloprenewableresources

高耗能产业energy-intensiveindustry

可持续发展sustainabledevelopment

生态环境theecologicalenvironment

温室效应greenhouseeffect

森林覆盖率forestcoveragerate

改善土壤soilimprovement

地址灾害geologicaldisaster

灾难catastrophe;tragedy;disaster

不幸misfortune

伤亡人员casualty

死亡人数deathtoll

台风typhoon

火山爆发volcaniceruption

地震earthquake

洪水flood

干旱drought

污染物pollutant

水土保持waterandsoilconservation

降雨rainfall

物种灭绝theextinctionofbio-species

先污染后治理toexertcontrolafterpollution

碳减排carbonemissionreduction

温室气体排放在greenhousegasemission

二氧化碳carbondioxide

新能源汽车greencar

废气exhaustgas

汽车尾气排放motorvehicleexhaust

发动机排量enginedisplacement

零排放车辆zero-emissionvehicle

小排量汽车small-displacementcar

能源消耗depletionofresources

能源危机energycrisis

回收利用torecycle

低碳城市化道路waytolow-carbonurbanization

城市化urbanization

濒临灭绝/失传tobeonthevergeofextinction/loss

濒临物种endangeredspecies

稀有物种rarespecies

防护林带shelterbelt

八、商业经济

商界businesscommunities

互惠互利mutualbenefit

共同繁荣commonprosperity

总需求aggregate/totaldemand

总供给aggregatesupply

供大于求supplyexceedingdemand

扩大内需toexpanddomesticdemand

购买力purchasingpower

财政预算financialbudget

经济学家economist

企业家entrepreneur

经济全球化economicglobalization

区域性只有贸易区regionalfreetradearea

经济特区specialeconomiczone

计划经济plannedeconomy

市场经济marketeconomy

市场调节marketregulation

市场多元化marketdiversification

推动经贸合作toboosteconomicandtradecooperation

耐用消费品durableconsumergoods

年末促销year-endpromotion

团购groupbuying

垄断monopoly

垄断行业monopolyindustry

市场占有率marketshare

生产力，生产率productivity

经济增长放缓economicslowdown

金融组织financialinstitution

商业信誉commercialreputation

管理机制managementmechanism

国有企业state-ownedenterprises（SOEs）

集体企业collectively-owned（partnership）enterprises

私营企业privatebusiness

民营企业private-runbusiness

中小企业smallandmedium-sizedenterprises

民间资本privatecapital

民间投资privateinvestment

泡沫经济bubbleeconomy

经济过热overheatingofeconomy

通货膨胀inflation

实体经济therealeconomy

外汇储备充sufficientforeignexchangereserve

国内国际贸易domestic/internationaltraded

对外贸易foreigntrade

贸易条件termsoftrade

不公平竞争unfaircompetition

海关customs

关税customsduty

水货、走私货smuggledgoods

产品质量productquality

高度评价tospeakhighlyof

物美价廉competitivepriceandsuperiorquality

销量、销售额sales

存货、库存量stocks

改善服务toimproveservices

延长保修期toextendmaintenance

制造商、制造厂manufacturer

原材料rawmaterial

样品sample

大规模生产massproduction

年产量annualoutput

劳动力密集型产业laborintensiveindustry

知识密集型产业knowledgeintensiveindustry

工作歧视discriminationinworkplace

高消耗、高投入highconsumption,highinvestment

沿袭......模式tocontinuewiththemodelof...

住房抵押贷款residenti