北京故宫博物院英文导游辞.docx
- 文档编号:11235118
- 上传时间:2023-02-26
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:5
- 大小:17.58KB
北京故宫博物院英文导游辞.docx
《北京故宫博物院英文导游辞.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《北京故宫博物院英文导游辞.docx(5页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
北京故宫博物院英文导游辞
北京故宫博物院英文导游辞
hello,everyone,
wearenowgoingtopayavisittoaplaceofspecialinterest.Thisscenicspotislocatedatthecenterofbeijingandischaracterizedbythousandsofpalatialarchitecturesandpurplewallsaswellasyellowglazedtileroofs-itissimplyaseaofpalaces.Thisistheworld–famouswonder–thepalacemuseum.
ThepalacemuseumhasservedastheroyalresidenceduringthemingandQingdynasties.Itwasherethatatotalof24monarchsascendedthethroneandwieldedpowerforsome500years.Thepalacemuseum,asthemostbeautifulspotofinterestthroughoutbeijing,isuniqueforitslocation:
tothenorthwestisbeihai(northsea)park,famousforitswhitepagodaandripplinglake;tothewestistheZhongnahai(centralandsouthsea);totheeastliesthethewangfujingshoppingstreet;andtothenorthidJinshanpark.standinginthewanchun(everlastingspring)pavilionatthetopofJingshan(charcoalhill)park,youoverlooktheskylineofthepalacemuseum.AtthesouthernendofthepalaceisTian`anmen(gateofheavenlypeace)andthefamoussquarenamedafterit.Thisisthesymbolofthepeople`sRepublicofchina.
Aworld-famoushistoricalsite,thepalacemuseumisontheworldheritageListofunescoandisanembodimentoforientalcivilization.
Thepalacemuseumisrectangularinshape,960meterslongfromnorthtosouthand750meterswidefromeasttowest,coveringaspaceof720,000squaremetersofwhich150,000isbuildingarea.Ithas9000-strongroomsinit.Accordingtolegendthereare9999.5room-unitsinall.Thewholecompoundisenclosedbya10-meter-hignwallandisaccessedthroughfourentrances,namely,themeridiangateinthesouth,thegateofmilitaryprowessinthenorth,Donghua(easternFlowery)gateinthenorth,Donghua(easternFlowery)gateintheeastandxihua(westernFlowery)gateinthewest.oneachcornerthereisaturretconsistedof9roofbeams,18pillarsand72ridge.encirclingthecompoundthereisa3,800-meter-longand52meter-widemoat,makingthepalacemuseumaself-defensivecity-within-acity.
ThepalacemuseumwasmadeacenterofruleduringthemingDynastybyZhunDi,ThefourthsonofthefoundingemperorZhuyuanzhang.Thewholecomplexstraddlesonan8-kilometers-longcentralaxisthatstretchesfromYongding(Foreverstable)gateinthesouthtogulou(DrumTower)inthenorth.prominencewasgiventotheroyalpowerbyputtingthe“threemainfronthalls”and“threebackhalls”ontheaxiswhilearrangeothersubsidiarystructurearoundthem.Theconstructionofthepalacemuseuminvolvedmanpowerandresourcesacrosschina.Forexample,thebrickslaidinthehalls,knownas“goldbrick,”underwentcomplex,two–dozenprocesses.Asthefinaltouch,thefiredbricksweredippedinchinesewoodoil.Involvingcomplicatedprocessesandhighcost,thesebrickarecalled“goldenbricks.”Thepalacemuseumservesasalivingembodimentofgoodtraditionandstylesuniquetochina`sancientarchitecture.Itreflectstothefulltheingenuityandcreativityofthechineseworkingpeople.Acarefullypreservedandcompletegroupofroyalresidences,thepalacemuseumisaprominenthistoricalandtouristsite.
whatwearenowapproachingisthemainentrancetothepalacemuseum-themeridiangate,whichischaracterizedbyredwalls,yellowglazed–tileroofsandupturnedeaves.ontopofthiswalls,yellowglazed-tileroofsandupturnedeaves.ontopofthismagnificentbuilding,therestandfiveloftyhallswithamainhallinthecenter.Themainhallisroofedbymultipleeavesandcoversaspaceof9room-units.Itisflankedbytwowingsoneachside.Thewingsaresquareinshape,completewithmultipleandfouredgedeavesandpinnacles.Allofthesestructuresareconnectedbyacolonnade.becausethesehallsresembleasoaringbird,itwasalsoknowaswufenglou(Five-phoenixTower).Insidethemainhallthereisathrone.Drumsandbellswerestoredinthewings.whenevertheemperorpresidedovergrandceremoniesorobservedritesinthehallofupremeharmony,drums,bellsandgongswouldbestrucktomarktheoccasion.
Asthelegendgoes,themeridiangateusedtobeaplacewherecondemnedrankingofficialswouldbeexecuted.Thisnottrue.however,floggingwascarriedoutherebythemingemperors,Ifacourtierfallsafouloftheemperor,hewouldbestrippedofhiscourtdressandfloggingwithastick.Atonepointthepunishmentbecamesoharshthatatotalof11peoplediedfromfatalwoundonasingleoccasion.ontheotherhand,thisbuildingwasalsousedtoobserveimportantoccasionslikethetraditionalchineseLanternFestival(15thdayofthefirstlunarmonth).ontheseoccasions,chineselanternswouldbehangedandsumptuousbanquetswouldbegiveninhonourofthewholecourtofministersandotherrankingofficials.
uponenteringthemeridiangatewebeganourtourofthepalacemuseum.TheriverfoowinginfrontofusisknownasJinshuihe(goldenwaterRiver)andthefivemarblesbridgesspanningitareknownastheInnergoldenwaterbridges.Theoninthemiddlewasusedexclusivebytheemperoranditsbanisterswerecarvedwithdragonandphoenixdesigns.Thebridgesflankingtheimperialonewerereservedforprincesandotherroyalmembers.Therestwereusedbypalatines.Asidefromdecoration,thegoldenwaterRiverwasalsodugasprecautionagainstfire.mostofthestructureswithinthepalacemuseumaremadeofwood.whatismore,accordingtoancientchinesecosmology,thesouthistheabodeoffire,sothisbrookwasdugonthesoutherntipofthepalace.Inthisway,thepalacemuseumreflectstraditionalchineseculture.
Thisbuildingiscalledthegateofsupremeharmony.Intheforegroundstandtwobronzelions.cananybodytellwhichismaleandwhichisfemale?
Theoneontheeastplayingwithaballismale,symbolizingpoweranduniversalunity.Theotheronthewestwithacubcuddlingunderneathitsclawisfemale?
Theoneontheeastplayingwithaballismale,symbolizingpoweranduniversalunity.Theotheronthewestwithacubcuddlingunderneathitsclawisfemale,representingprosperitytheendlesssuccession.Alayoutofthepalacemuseumispostedbytheentrance.Fromit,youcanseethatthepalacemuseumhastwomainparts:
theforecourtandtheinnercourt.Thethreemainhallsconstitutethemainstayoftheforecourt,anditwasherethattheemperorannounceddecisionsandobservedrites.behindtheforecourtthereistheinnercourt,consistingofmajorhallsandtheImperialgarden.Itwaswheretheemperorattendedstateaffairs,livedandenjoyedhisluxuriouslife.Theexhibitionsystemofthepalacemuseuminvolveshistoricalcourtrelicsandarticlesofancientartandculture.Thepalacemuseumhousesnearlyonemillionarticlesofraretreasure,oronesixthofthetotalnumberinallofchina`smuseums.Therearethethreemainhallsofthepalacemuseum,builtonatriplemarbleterrace.sincemostofchina`sarchitectureismadeofwood,thebuildingscannotbetootall.Togaintheheightofthearchitecture,ingeniousancientartisansbuiltthehallonagiganticstoneterrace.Itisalsotothisendthatnotasingleplantwasgrowninthesquare.onstairwaysoftriplemarbleterracethereare18bronzetripods.Theverandahisflankedbybronzetortoisesandcranes,whichservedassymbolsoflongevity.ontheeastisasundial,anancienttimepiece.onthewestthereisagrainmeasuresuggestingthattheemperorwasjustandequitable.
Inthefrontandoneachflank,thereisapairofgiltbronzevats(caldrons)moldedduringthereignofemperorQianlongoftheQingDynasty.eachoftheseweights2tonsandisfilledwithwaterasaprecautionintheeventofafire.Thestructureintheverymiddleisthehallofsupremeharmony,alsoknownasthethronehall.Itis64metersinwidthandis38metersfromentrancetorear.withterraceexclusive,thehallis26.92metersinheightandis35.03metersinall.coveringandareaof2,377squaremeters,thehallofsupremeharmonyischina`slargestexitingwoodenstructure.Thehallissupportedby6thick,roundpillarscarvedinadesignofcoilingdragons.Astheholiestplaceinthehall,theceilingandcoloredpatternsweremadeofthefinestmaterialavailableatthattime.Thethronewasplacedonaterraceandisflankedbystatuesofelephants,Luduan(aunicornwhichcouldtravel18,000kilometersadayandunderstandalllanguages),cranesandincensebarrels.overthethronethereisthecaisson,orcoveredceiling,whichconsistsofacoilingdragonplayingwithaballinitsmouth.Thisballisknownasxuanyuanmirror,andwassupposedlymadebyachineseemperorofremotetimestoserveasareminderthattheerulerstofollowwerehishereditaryheirs.Thethroneismadeofnanmuandpaintedingold.magnificentlybuiltandluxuriouslydecorated,thishalldidnotserveasaplaceinwhichtheemperorattendedtodailyaffairs.heusedhishallformajoreventssuchashisbirthday,conferraloftitleofempressordispatchofgeneralstowar.
behindthehallofsupremeharmony,theresitsthehallofcompleteharmony.Thisstructureissquareinshape.eachsideis24.15meters.Thiswastheplacewheretheemperorrelaxedandgreetedhiscourtiersbeforeproceedingtothehallofsupremeharmonytoobserverites.Thiswasalsotheplacewheretheemperorpreparedprayersorexaminedseedsandsowersbeforeheattendedancestralsacrificesorparticipatedinsnowingceremonies.Agrandceremonywasalsoheldhereonceevery10yearsfortheemperortogenealogizetheroyalblood.Therearetwosedanchairsondisplayinthehall.behindthehallofcompleteharmony,youwillseethehallofpreservingharmony,whichwasusedasaplacewhereimperialexaminationswereheld.TheimperialexaminationwasthehignestlevelofcompetingformeritoriousappointmentunderthefeudalsystemdatingbacktothesuiDynasty.china`slastimperialexaminationwasheldin1904duringthereignofemperorguangxuoftheQingDynasty.Totherearofhallthereisamarblerampcarvedwithcloudanddragondesigns,thelargestofitskindinthewholecountry.Itis16.57metersinlength,3.07metersinwidth,1.7metersthickandweighs250tons.ItwasquarriedinFangshancountyinsuburbanbeijing.Tobringthisgiantpieceofstonetobeijingpeoplepouredwaterontotheroadandappliedrollingblocksduringtheprocess.
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 北京故宫 博物院 英文 导游